The Balance of Nature?: Ecological Issues in the Conservation of Species and CommunitiesUniversity of Chicago Press, 1991 - 434 sidor Ecologists, although they acknowledge the problems involved, generally conduct their research on too few species, in too small an area, over too short a period of time. In The Balance of Nature?, a work sure to stir controversy, the distinguished theoretical ecologist Stuart L. Pimm argues that ecology therefore fails in many ways to address the enormous ecological problems now facing our planet. Ecologists describing phenomena on larger scales often use terms like "stability," "balance of nature," and "fragility," and Pimm begins by considering the various specific meanings of these terms. He addresses five kinds of ecological stability—stability in the strict sense, resilience, variability, persistence, and resistance—and shows how they provide ways of comparing natural populations and communities as well as theories about them. Each type of stability depends on characteristics of the species studied and also on the structure of the food web in which the species is embedded and the physical features of the environment. The Balance of Nature? provides theoretical ecology with a rich array of questions—questions that also underpin pressing problems in practical conservation biology. Pimm calls for nothing less than new approaches to ecology and a new alliance between theoretical and empirical studies. |
Innehåll
II | 1 |
III | 3 |
IV | 4 |
V | 6 |
VI | 8 |
VII | 9 |
VIII | 12 |
IX | 13 |
LIV | 198 |
LV | 207 |
LVI | 217 |
LVII | 220 |
LVIII | 222 |
LIX | 223 |
LX | 225 |
LXI | 227 |
X | 15 |
XI | 18 |
XII | 21 |
XIII | 26 |
XIV | 30 |
XV | 32 |
XVI | 33 |
XVII | 35 |
XVIII | 39 |
XIX | 40 |
XX | 43 |
XXI | 44 |
XXII | 47 |
XXIII | 53 |
XXIV | 54 |
XXVI | 59 |
XXVII | 63 |
XXVIII | 71 |
XXIX | 78 |
XXX | 80 |
XXXI | 83 |
XXXII | 87 |
XXXIII | 97 |
XXXIV | 99 |
XXXV | 101 |
XXXVI | 107 |
XXXVII | 115 |
XXXVIII | 131 |
XXXIX | 135 |
XL | 144 |
XLI | 151 |
XLII | 156 |
XLIII | 162 |
XLIV | 163 |
XLV | 169 |
XLVI | 173 |
XLVII | 175 |
XLVIII | 181 |
XLIX | 187 |
L | 189 |
LI | 191 |
LII | 193 |
LIII | 195 |
LXII | 229 |
LXIII | 232 |
LXIV | 242 |
LXV | 243 |
LXVI | 245 |
LXXII | 249 |
LXXIII | 256 |
LXXIV | 258 |
LXXV | 268 |
LXXVI | 271 |
LXXVII | 277 |
LXXVIII | 281 |
LXXIX | 289 |
LXXX | 292 |
LXXXI | 294 |
LXXXII | 301 |
LXXXIII | 303 |
LXXXIV | 306 |
LXXXV | 312 |
LXXXVI | 315 |
LXXXVII | 321 |
LXXXVIII | 328 |
LXXXIX | 333 |
XC | 334 |
XCI | 335 |
XCII | 344 |
XCIII | 346 |
XCIV | 353 |
XCV | 355 |
XCVI | 356 |
XCVII | 357 |
XCVIII | 361 |
XCIX | 371 |
C | 372 |
CI | 376 |
CII | 378 |
CIII | 382 |
CIV | 387 |
391 | |
419 | |
426 | |
Vanliga ord och fraser
abundance alternative analyses aphids attractor become extinct biomass carnivores cause changes in density chapter cies Community ecology competition competitors complex dynamics cycles Darwin's finches decrease demographic accidents depend discussed diversity ecologists ecology ecosystems environment environmental equilibrium density example expect extinction factors feed figure folivores food chains food web food webs food-web structure forest genetic graph grasslands grazers growth rate habitats Hawai'i herbivores hypothesis ideas increase indirect effects individuals insects interactions introduced species invading species invasions islands large numbers large-bodied species Lawton less mammals models monophagous moths multispecies munity native niches number of species obvious parameters parasitoids patterns persistent Pimm plant species plots polyphagous population densities population variability predators predict prey species rare relatively reproductive rate resilience resistance rodents significant simple small-bodied species song thrush species composition species removals stability studies suggest temporal variability theory tion total density trophic levels vole Yodzis zooplankton
Hänvisningar till den här boken
At Home in the Universe: The Search for Laws of Self-organization and Complexity Stuart A. Kauffman Begränsad förhandsgranskning - 1995 |
Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems Michael Begon,Colin R. Townsend,John L. Harper Ingen förhandsgranskning - 2009 |