The Latin Language: An Historical Account of Latin Sounds, Stems and Flexions

Framsida
Clarendon Press, 1894 - 659 sidor
 

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Greek v in Latin
36
o for u
37
Grammarians account of diphthongs
39
Ter Maurus on au
40
a for au
41
Greek transcriptions of au
42
ai for ae
43
oe and e
44
J V
45
Testimony of grammarians
47
jand v in early Latin
48
in late Latin and Romance
49
Intervocalic v dropped
52
ai ei before a vowel
53
Testimony of grammarians
55
h between vowels
57
M N
60
Phonetic descriptions of normal m n
65
Final m
67
SEC PAGE 66 ns
69
gn
70
Tenues and mediae
71
Greek tenues in loanwords
74
Confusion of mediae and tenues in Latin words
75
Mediae and tenues at end of word
76
Mediae and tenues in the Dialects
77
B P
78
bs bt
79
bm mb
80
Phonetic descriptions of d t
82
tl
83
K C G QU GU
84
Phonetic descriptions of the Gutturals
86
c g before narrow vowels
87
ct tt
89
Phonetic descriptions of 1
91
The grammarians on the pronunciation of 1
92
Parasitic vowel with 1 r
93
Avoidance of two rs
95
rs
96
rl
97
ly
98
Descriptions of the sound of f
100
S X Z ΙΟΙ
101
Phonetic descriptions of s x
103
Greek Latin z
104
Old Roman z
105
s before a consonant
107
Final s
108
Testimony of the grammarians
110
Confusion of single and double letter in Latin
113
Double consonants in Italian
118
Final double consonant
119
Sandhi in Latin
121
Latin Doublets
122
Dropping of final consonants in Romance
124
Testimony of grammarians
125
Quantity
126
Position
129
Shortening of long vowel before another vowel
131
Change in quantity of vowel before certain consonantgroups
133
r with consonant
140
s with consonant
141
with consonant
142
Vowelcontraction in compounds in the early dramatists
143
Synizesis in Late and Vulgar Latin
144
Parasitic vowels
145
CHAPTER III
148
Testimony of the grammarians 1 On the Nature of the Latin Accent
154
Accentuation of Greek loanwords
155
Romance Accentuation
156
SEC PAGE
157
Change of Unaccented Vowels
185
Other Examples I Syllables long by position
191
Change and Shortening of Vowel in Unaccented Final Syllable
203
Final long vowel in Hiatus
209
Shortening of Final Syllable long by position
214
Shortening of Monosyllables
215
Loss of Final Syllable with m
216
CHAPTER IV
218
THE LATIN REPRESENTATIVES OF THE INDOEUROPEAN SOUNDS 1 A
219
Latin a for I Eur ā
221
Eur å
223
Lat é for I Eur e
224
for e
225
Latin ě for I Eur ě
226
for accented e
229
Other examples of Lat i for I Eur i
232
Ď
233
Latin o for I Eur ö
234
Latin å for I Eur ö under influence of v
235
Ū
237
Latin ŭ for I Eur ŭ
238
Latin ŭ and Latin ö
239
ΑΙ
241
Eur ai Latin ae ai
242
Other examples
243
Other examples of I Eur ei
244
EU
245
Other examples of I Eur eu
246
Other examples of I Eur oi
247
OU
248
Other examples of I Eur ou
249
ū for older ovi ově
250
ǎ0
259
N
271
n for r
278
Latin 1 for d
286
Latin h dropped between vowels
294
SEC PAGE 141 Dialectal b
302
S Z
303
Eur s Latins other examples
305
Initial sibilant before consonant
306
Latin stl sl sel
307
Sibilant before r in middle of word
308
Assimilation of preceding dental to the sibilant
309
Other examples
310
Assimilation of Consonants
311
Assimilation in Preposition compounded with Verb
313
Other examples of Assimilation
314
Assimilation of Syllables
315
CHAPTER V
316
Latin Õ and Asuffixes other examples
318
UÕ UA
322
Latin Verbal Adjectives in uus īvus tīvus
323
NO NĀ
324
Eur NOsuffix
326
MĚNO MĚNĀ
327
MO MA
328
Other examples of the ROsuffix
330
NI
339
Other examples of Latin li ri
340
Other examples of the suffix ti in Latin
341
Adjectival tiforto in Latin
342
Other examples of Ustems in Latin
343
Other examples of TUstems
344
Other examples of Latin Fems in i ic c
347
Suffixes ending in n Nouns of third Decl EN YEN WEN MEN
348
Masc ENstems in Latin
349
ER and TER
350
Other examples of Latin Tstems
351
NT
352
Other examples of Latin ösus
353
Other examples
354
Other examples
355
Adjective ESstems
356
Other S stems
357
Suffixless stems at end of Compounds in Latin
358
Reduplicated Nouns and Adjectives in Latin
363
Ostems
364
Rstems
365
CHAPTER VI
366
Nom Sing I Masc Fem
371
Nom Sing of Astems in Latin
373
ROstems
374
YOstems
375
Sstems
376
Diphthong stems
377
Ostems
378
Rstems
379
Astems
381
Fifth Decl Stems
382
Ostems and IOstems
383
Ustems
384
Dat Sing
385
SEC PAGE 24 Astems
386
Ostems
387
The endings im and em
388
Other examples
389
Abl Sing
390
O Latin Abl with d
391
Istem and Cons stem Abl in i and e
392
Locative Sing
395
Locatives in i and e in Latin
396
Astems c
397
Astems
398
Îstems
399
Gen Plur
401
um and orum in Ostems
402
A and Õstems
403
Other stems
404
The Comparative Suffixes
406
The Superlative Suffixes
407
NUMERALS
408
One
409
Unus
410
Duo
411
Three
412
Four
413
Quattuor
414
Six
415
Ten
416
SEC PAGE
417
Reflexive
424
O Latin so
432
Ipse
440
The stem quu
446
The Pronouns in Romance
452
SEC PAGE 3 II THE TENSESTEMS Strong Aorist and Sformations
459
Strong Aorist forms in Latin
464
Old Latin forms with ss s
465
A Present 1 With Egrade of root and Thematic Vowel
466
Other examples
467
2 With reduplicated root
468
3 With root nasalized i With nasal infix ii With nasal affix
469
Other examples of nasal infix
471
Other examples of nasal affix
472
in the third Conjugation Presents with YÕsuffix
475
Of weak grade roots
476
5 Inceptives in skö skö
477
Latin Desideratives in turio
478
Other examples of Latin Inceptives
479
Of Latin Causatives c
481
Of Latin Desideratives
482
Of Latin Derivative verbs with YÖsuffix
483
Of other Verbsuffixes
486
The Conjugations in Romance
488
B Imperfect
489
Fourth Conj Impft in ībam
491
Fourth Conj Fut in ibo
493
Perfect
494
O Latin duovicesimus 417
496
Other examples of Reduplicated forms
501
Form of Reduplication
502
Assimilation of Reduplicationvowel to Stemvowel
503
Coexistent Reduplicated and Unreduplicated forms
504
Origin of the Perfect in vi ui
505
Shortened forms of the Perfect in vi
506
Shortened forms of the Perfect in si
508
Some Irregular Perfects
509
B Imperative
516
Athematic Sg of fero võlo
526
7ć 2 Passive Deponent 1 Sing
532
Fut Inf Pass
538
Origin of the suffixndo
544
ADVERBS AND PREPOSITIONS PAGE SEC
548
ADVERBS
549
Nominative Adverbforms
553
Genitive Adverbforms
555
Ablative Instr and Locative Adverbforms 559
559
Adverbs in tus
561
Adverbial wordgroups and compounds 562
562
Other Adverbs
565
Numeral Adverbs in ies 567
567
PREPOSITIONS
572
Ab ap po abs a au af absque
575
Ab abs a
577
An
578
Apud
579
Clam clanculum
581
De
582
Erga ergo
583
Extra
584
In
585
Ob
586
Per
588
Post pone
589
Pro por
590
CHAPTER X
596
Interjections
616

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Sida 173 - Caesarem scriptis emendat, quod is 'calidum' dicere quam 'caldum' malit, non quia id non sit Latinum, sed quia sit odiosum* et, ut ipse Graeco verbo significavit, rtepiepyov.
Sida 152 - Romans by birth; they were usually Greeks, and would have the same difficulties in describing the Latin Accent as a Frenchman in describing the strong stressaccent of English. These considerations may explain how it is that only a few statements of the writers on Latin Grammar are rid of the terms 'high...
Sida 108 - Quin etiam, quod iam subrusticum videtur, olim autem politius, eorum verborum, quorum eaedem erant postremae duae litterae, quae sunt in op turn us, postremam litteram detrahebant, nisi vocalis insequebatur. Ita non erat ea offensio in versibus, quam nunc fugiunt poetae novi. Sie eniin loquebamur: Qui est omnibu' princeps non omnibus princeps, et: Vita illa dignu
Sida 305 - Aureliam familiam ex Sabinis oriundam a Sole dictam putant, quod ei publice a populo Romano datus sit locus, in quo sacra faceret Soli ; qui ex hoc Auseli dicebantur, ut Valesii, Papisii pro eo quod est Valerii, Papirii.
Sida 108 - ... 161 Quin etiam, quod iam subrusticum uidetur, olim autem politius, eorum uerborum, quorum eaedem erant postremae duae litterae quae sunt in«optimus», postremam litteram detrahebant, nisi uocalis insequebatur. Ita non erat ea offensio in uersibus, quam nunc fugiunt poetae noui. Sic enim loquebamur : « qui est omnibu' princeps » non « omnibus princeps, » et « uita illa dignu' locoque «non
Sida 55 - Italiam fato profugus' seu longa corripitur, ut 'unius ob noxam et furias', extra carmen non deprendas, sed nee in carmine vitia ducenda sunt. 19 illa vero non nisi aure exiguntur, quae fiunt per sonos: quamquam per aspirationem, sive adicitur vitiose sive detrahitur, apud nos potest quaeri, an in scripto sit vitium, si h littera est, non nota. cuius quidem ratio mutata cum temporibus est saepius. 20 parcissime ea veteres usi etiam in vocalibus, cum 'aedos ircosque' dicebant. diu deinde reservatum,...
Sida 162 - ... aut proxima extremae aut ab ea tertia. trium porro, de quibus loquor, media longa aut acuta aut flexa erit, eodem loco brevis utique gravem habebit sonum, ideoque positam ante se, id est ab ultima tertiam, acuet.

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