his family. Allowances were also ordered for each of the missionaries, by Governor Farquhar, as well as for the artisans. On the arrival of the latter at Tananarivou, the King gave them a piece of ground for their residence and for the carrying on of their respective trades. About 2000 of the natives were employed to prepare the ground for the erection of the requisite buildings. By direction of the King 3 Madagasse youths were

objects of the society, which were explained to him by Mr. Jones, wrote to the Directors for misZsionaries to instruct his people in Jaring Christian knowledge, and also in the useful arts. It was Mr. Jones's be intention to have returned to the Mauritius, after the conclusion of the treaty; but in consequence of Ta formal invitation from the King, he consented to remain at TanaSanarivou, when the King allotted to The him one of the royal houses as bis residence, with servants to at-placed with each of the artisans; tend upon him. According to a stipulation of the treaty already alluded to, 20 Madagasse youths were to be instructed in useful arts, with a view to promote civilization in their own country; of whom 10 were sent for this purpose to the Mauritius, and 10 soon after there arrived in England, and were placed in the Borough school, to be instructed in the English language on the plan of the B. and F. S. S. In the mean time, the King placed under the care of Mr. Jones, to receive an English education, 16 native children; of whom 3 were children of his own sister, and one of the three was heir apparent to the crown; the rest were children of different nobles.

The Rev. Mr. Griffiths arrived in the spring of 1821; and in June, 1822, the missionary brotherhood was increased by the arrival of the Rev. Mr. Jeffreys, accompanied by Mrs. J. and four missionary artisans. The valuable patronage of the King Jemained undiminished. After providing for Mr. Jones a dwellinghouse contiguous to the royal school in which were upwards of 40 children under his care, he afforded considerable assistance in the erection of a commodious habitation for Mr. Griffiths, together with a school-house attached, capable of containing about 200 children; and also allotted a house for the use of Mr. Jeffreys and

two of them respectively as apprentices, and the other as a servant, of whom very favourable reports were made. One of the artisans, Mr. Brooks, was, however, suddenly called from his earthly engagements.

At this early stage of missionary effort, good effects appeared; among which may be noticed the suppression of common swearing; though it should be stated, to the reproach of multitudes called Christians, that it was the custom of the inhabitants of the kingdom of Ovah to swear by the name of the King and by the name of the Queen, not by the name of the Almighty Creator and Benefactor of mankind. The B. and F. B. S. made a grant to the/ Madagascar mission of 50 English Bibles and 200 Testaments.

The kingdom of Radama, now called Imerina,, is divided into 4 provinces; in all of which, during 1824, schools were established, with the sanction, and under the patronage, of the King. At the close of the year they amounted to 22, and the number of children to above 2000. The three schools successively formed at Tananarivou were united into one, which the King denominated the Royal College. From this seminary, containing about 270 boys, 50 of the highest gifted and best instructed were sent to take charge

a

and Cummings, missionary artisans, with their wives, accompanied by Roloun Boloun, another of the Madagasse youths who had also been baptized, arrived at Tananari vou on the 11th of September. Mr. Johns will reside for a time in the capital. During a part of the day he will instruct some of the boys in the school in English,andin the other apply himself to the study of Madagasse, with the assistance of Mr. Griffiths. He takes his turn in English preaching with the other missionaries."

Native Schools.-"The number of these is 28, containing 1500 boys and 450 girls, making a total of nearly 2000; of whom, on an average, about 1700 are regular in their attendance. These schools are scattered over the country, within a circuit of 30 m. around the capital. His Majesty, Radama, has signified his pleasure that 12 of the more promising boys in the central school (or Royal College) should be instructed in Greek and Latin. In this school there are about 160 boys.

of the schools in the country. | Public examinations of the boys' and girls' schools took place in the presence of the King, some of the members of the royal family, the generals of his Majesty, and Jas. Hastie, Esq. the British agent, which were highly satisfactory. Messrs. Jones and Griffiths commenced preaching in Madagasse in February of the same year; their congregations consisting usually of about 1000, but occasionally of as many as 3 and even 5000. Several parts of the Scriptures had also been translated, and some books were prepared and preparing for publication. On the 21st of April, Mr. Jeffreys removed to Ambatoumanga, large village situated about 20 m. from Tananarivou, where he commenced a school for boys, and Mrs. J. another for girls, and conducted stated services in Madagasse. It having been judged expedient that the artisans should superintend the schools, Mr. Canham removed to a village about 12 m. from the capital, where he had a school of 110 boys; and Mr. Rowlands to another village about 15 m. distant from the same, where he had a school containing 100 boys. Each of them superintended apprentices, who learned their respective trades; and Mr. Chick was diligently em-' ployed on the Sabbath in catechising children; and on the week days in his trade. In the following year, the labours of the missionaries were continued; the translation of the Madagasse New Testament was completed; a printer, a cotton-spinner, and a carpenter, were sent out; and the mission was deprived of a valuable agent by the death of Mr. Jeffreys. About this time some of the Madagasse youths, one of whom had been at his own earnest request baptized, arFived at the capital.

The last report says: "The Rev. Mr. Johns, and Messrs. Cameron

"Two of the best instructed boys assist as ushers in the cen tral school, and another has the sole charge of a large school in the country, with some of his late school-fellows for assistants. Many more boys are capable of taking a similar charge, should the enlargement of the school-fund enable the missionaries to increase the number of schools.

"The result of the Public Exmination of the schools for 1825-6, which took place at Tananarivou, b in March of the latter year, was highly satisfactory. His Majesty, Radama, was present, and personally engaged in the examination. The missionaries exercise a general superintendence over the schools; and occasionally visit them, for the purpose of inspecting them and examining the scholars. They state;

en

ral

that the progress made by the chil- |
dren, generally speaking, in the
knowledge of the Christian reli-
gion, is truly gratifying; and such
as reflects credit upon the diligence
both of the teachers and their pupils.
A society in aid of the schools
has been established at Tananari-
you, with the sanction of the King,
denominated the Madagascar Mis-
sionary School Society. Several
contributions have been received
from individuals resident at Tana-
narivou, and at the Mauritius; but
the missionaries chiefly look for sup-
port, in this measure, to the friends
of missions at home. In con-
nexion with the School Society, is
a repository for such articles as are
requisite for carrying on the
schools.

Gospel to those numerous and interesting islanders. For this purpose they have established, in the centre of the island, with the sanction and under the patronage of the King, Radama, nearly 30 schools.

The rapidly advancing importance of this mission induced the directors, during the year 1826, to accept the offer, on the principle of limited service, of the Rev. J. J. Freeman, late minister of the Gospel at Kidderminster, to unite his efforts with those of the missionaries, for the dissemination of the Gospel in Madagascar. Volave and Thotoos, the 2 Madagascar youths still remaining in this country, are making good progress in various branches of learnNative Services.-The number ing, and in the knowledge of useof Madagasses who attend these is ful arts: they conduct themselves not large indeed, we are con- with great propriety. Of those cerned to say, the missionaries re- originally sent, one had died, leavmark, that the adults, generally ing behind him pleasing evidence speaking, evince little desire to of real conversion; and others had hear the Gospel; but many young been compelled to return to Madapersons belonging to the schools ap-gascar from an ill state of health. pear very attentive, and afford ground for the hope of better things, in reference to the rising generation. Mr. Hovenden, it was hoped, would commence the printing of the Madagasse translation of the New Testament, but his life was şuddenly terminated. As, how ever, the measure of providing the Scriptures in the vernacular tongue will, relatively, be more or less important in proportion to the number of natives who are able to read them; and as any considerable augmentation of the present number will depend on the permanency and extension of the means of education provided by the missionaries; it will be at once evident how powerful a claim the native schools under their superintendence have for support on the liberality of such as are desirous of imparting the knowledge of the

MADEWISPATNAM, a large city in the vicinity of Tranquebar, Hindoostan, where the Danish missionaries at Tranquebar have laboured with pleasing success. early as 1747, their congregation consisted of 540 persons, and their schools of 57 pupils.

As

MADRAS, formerly called Fort St. George, a populous and celebrated city in the southern part of Hindoostan, on the E. coast of the Peninsula, near the margin of the sea. E. long. 80° 17′, N. lat. 13° 4′. Travelling distance from Calcutta, 1,020 m.; from Bombay, 770. About the year 1620, or, as some suppose, 1640, the English E. India Company obtained permission of the King of Golconda to establish a settlement at Madras, and built what is now called Fort St. George. The town was taken by the French in 1744, but was ceded to the

1

| S. now labour here. The Rev. B. Schultz formed the first mission establishment at Madras. He vi sited it in 1727, under the patronage of Frederic IV. king of Denmark, and opened a school at Vepery, one of the suburbs of Madras, which has been the principal seat of this mission ever since. The favourable circumstances which attended the commencement of his labours, induced Mr. S. to settle, with a view of establishing a permanent mission. He was soon received under the immediate care of this society; and prosecuted his labours with unwearied diligence, and with much success. In 1728, he suc ceeded in organizing a church, which consisted of 17 members. The following year, 140 were added to it, and considerable ac cessions continued to be made for a number of years. In 1736, a house for public worship was erected. In 1746, the city was taken by the French: the mission premises were destroyed, and the station was abandoned. It was, however, resumed in 1750, and a church built by the Roman Catholic Portuguese, was offered for the accommodation of the missionaries. From the commencement of the mission to the year 1760, no less than 1470 were united with the church. The number of communicants in 1800, was 143. About this time the mission began to decline; but, within a few years, effectual measures were adopted to restore it to a state of efficiency. In 1820, a depôt of books was established, which has been of great service. A printing press has been reestablished, which issued, during the first year, 4,000 books and tracts. In 1822, about 300 scholars were regularly instructed in the mission-schools, and the congre gation was rapidly increasing.

British in 1749; since which time
it has been gradually rising in im-
portance. It is one of the strongest
fortresses in British India, ranks as
second of the 3 English Presi-
dencies, and is the seat of an
arch-deaconry. The town stands
on a barren, sandy plain, so ex-
ceedingly sterile, that nothing will
come to maturity without the most
diligent cultivation and care. The
water with which the city sup-
plied, is brought from a distance
of more than a mile. Madras is
divided into two distinct parts, each
receiving an appellation charac-
teristic of the colour of its inha-
bitants. The White Town, in-
cluding Fort St. George, is the
residence of all the officers of the
English government. It is en-
circled by a substantial wall, and
strongly fortified by batteries and
bastions. Near the centre of this
is the fort, about 100 yards square.
The houses are principally built of
brick. The Black Town, anciently
called China-patam, is situated
about a mile N. of the White
Town, and is also encompassed by
a wall 17 feet thick. The houses,
though many of them are built of
brick, make but an indifferent ap-
pearance. The situation of Madras
for mercantile business is extremely
unfavourable. There is no com-
modious port for the convenient
lading and unlading of vessels, the
coast forming nearly a straight
line, against which a violent and
dangerous surf dashes incessantly;
yet it is a place of vast wealth and
importance, and the grand mart of
all the southern part of Hindoostan.
The population is estimated at
about 300,000. A college has
been recently instituted at Fort St.
George, for the instruction of the
junior civil students in all the
native languages. Here is also a
type-foundry.

The Rev. J. P. Rottler, D. D. and L. P. Haubroe, from the C. K.

In 1805, the benevolent attention of the L. M. S. was directed to this

tendence of Mrs. Crisp; and a central school was also opened for qualifying native youths, of promising character and talents, for the office of schoolmaster; into which about 30 were admitted. The following extracts from the last report, will show the effect of this and subsequent efforts :—

"Central School.-We are concerned to state, that this institution, the object of which was the training of promising native youths for the office of schoolmaster, has not hitherto been so productive of be

important city, and in it the Rev. Mr. Loveless laboured for several years, particularly in a new chapel at Black Town, which was supported by the liberality of his constant hearers. Here the attendance of Europeans and natives was considerable; and 2 free schools adjoining the chapel went on well. To liquidate the debt on the latter, an individual, who would not suffer his name to appear, contributed 700 pagodas. A small church was formed, and a "Missionary Fund Society" established. In 1816, the Rev. Mr. Knill arrived as a fellow-nefit as the missionaries anticipated. labourer. Two years after, 147 names were on the books of the free schools for boys; a free school for girls had been commenced, in which there were about 40, while the schools for natives contained about 400, and the New Testament was learned and repeated. When a short time had elapsed, the schools were increased to 11, and afforded great encouragement; and there were 4 congregations, viz. 3 English, and I Tamul, or native, all of which were now in a prosperous state. Mr. K.'s declining health, however, compelled his relinquishment of his important exertions, and his pursuit of a colder climate: other agents were therefore sent forth.

In 1819, a new chapel was opened at Pursewankum, near Vepery. In 1820, John Ápavon, who had some time before been baptized, had the charge of a Tamul congregation; and the various schools which had been opened, together with the religious institutions which had been established, as well as the sacred services which were conducted, were all flourishing. Fresh labourers arriving, the inroads made by removals and death were filled up, and new designs were accomplished. In 1823, a native female school was established, under the superin

A new plan of arrangement and organization for this seminary has, however, been prepared, which, it is hoped, when carried into effect, will be attended with more promising results."

"Native Schools.-These schools, in number 12, contain about 600 boys. At a public examination, held on the 17th of April, 1826, gratifying evidence of proficiency was exhibited. The Hindoostanee school at Royapettah, has been discontinued, and a seminary for Mussulmen children, under the immediate superintendence of Mr. Taylor, commenced."

"Native Preaching.-The Tamul services are continued as usual in Black Town. At Pursewankum, where there is a prospect of forming a native church, an additional Tamul service has been commenced. A Tamul service has been also commenced at Periamoattoo."

"A place of worship has been erected at Royapooram, which is supplied alternately by Mr. Crisp and Mr. Nimmo, We regret to state, that the missionaries have not found the opening for the Gospel here so encouraging as they had been led to expect. At Tripassoor, a church has been formed, and a school commenced, containing nearly 80 children."

"In the early part of 1826, Messrs.