(2) from the requirement of furnishing any of the information required by this section of any agent of a foreign principal, where by reason of the nature of the functions or activities of such person the Attorney General, having due regard for the national security and public interest, determines that such registration, or the furnishing of such information, as the case may be, is not necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.

Sec. 3.22 Exemptions.-The requirements of section 2(a) hereof shall not apply to the following agents of foreign principals:

(a) A duly accredited diplomatic or consular officer of a foreign government who is so recognized by the Department of State, while said officer is engaged exclusively in activities which are recognized by the Department of State as being within the scope of the functions of such officer;

(b) Any official of a foreign government, if such government is recognized by the United States, who is not a public-relations counsel, publicity agent, information-service employee, or a citizen of the United States, whose name and status and the character of whose duties as such official are of public record in the Department of State, while said official is engaged exclusively in activities which are recognized by the Department of State as being within the scope of the functions of such official;

(c) Any member of the staff of, or any person employed by, a duly accredited diplomatic or consular officer of a foreign government who is so recognized by the Department of State, other than a public-relations counsel, publicity agent, or information-service employee, whose name and status and the character of whose duties as such member or employee are of public record in the Department of State, while said member or employee is engaged exclusively in the performance of activities which are recognized by the Department of State as being within the scope of the functions of such member or employee;

(d) 23 Any person engaging or agreeing to engage only (1) in private and nonpolitical activities in furtherance of the bona fide trade or commerce of such foreign principal; or (2) in other activities not serving predominantly a foreign interest; or (3) in the soliciting or collecting of funds and contributions within the United States to be used only for medical aid and assistance, or for food and clothing to relieve human suffering, if such solicitation or collection of funds and contributions is in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the Act of November 4, 1939, as amended (54 Stat. 4),24 and such rules and regulations as may be prescribed thereunder;

(e) Any person engaging or agreeing to engage only in activities in furtherance of bona fide religious, scholastic, academic, or scientific pursuits or of the fine arts;

(f) Any person, or employee of such person, whose foreign principal is a government of a foreign country the defense of which the

22 22 U.S.C. 613. Exemption provisions of this act were amended by the Act of Apr. 29, 1942 (56 Stat. 248), and by the Act of July 4, 1966 (80 Stat. 244, 246).

23 Subsec. (d) was amended by the Act of Oct. 4, 1961 (75 Stat. 784), and by the Act of July 4, 1966 (80 Stat. 244, 246).

24 22 U.S.C. 441, 444, 445, 447-451, 453-457.

the use of the United States or for the use of the Library of Congress.

(e) 31 It shall be unlawful for any person within the United States who is an agent of a foreign principal required to register under the provisions of this Act to transmit, convey, or otherwise furnish to any agency or official of the Government (including a Member or committee of either House of Congress) for or in the interests of such foreign principal any political propaganda or to request from any such agency or official for or in the interest of such foreign principal any information or advice with respect to any matter pertaining to the political or public interests, policies or relations of a foreign country or of a political party or pertaining to the foreign or domestic policies of the United States unless the propaganda or the request is prefaced or accompanied by a true and accurate statement to the effect that such person is registered as an agent of such foreign principal under this Act.

(f) 31 Whenever any agent of a foreign principal required to register under this Act appears before any committee of Congress to testify for or in the interests of such foreign principal, he shall, at the time of such appearance, furnish the committee with a copy of his most recent registration statement filed with the Department of Justice as an agent of such foreign principal for inclusion in the records of the committee as part of his testimony.

Sec. 5.32 Books and Records.-Every agent of a foreign principal registered under this Act shall keep and preserve while he is an agent of a foreign principal such books of account and other records with respect to all his activities, the disclosure of which is required under the provisions of this Act, in accordance with such business and accounting practices, as the Attorney General having due regard for the national security and the public interest, may by regulation prescribe as necessary or appropriate for the enforcement of the provisions of this Act and shall preserve the same for a period of three years following the termination of such status. Until regulations are in effect under this section every agent of a foreign principal shall keep books of account and shall preserve all written records with respect to his activities. Such books and records shall be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of any official charged with the enforcement of this Act. It shall be unlawful for any person willfully to conceal, destroy, obliterate, mutilate, or falsify, or to attempt to conceal, destroy, obliterate, mutilate, or falsify, or to cause to be concealed, destroyed, obliterated, mutilated, or falsified, any books or records required to be kept under the provisions of this section.

Sec. 6.33 Public Examination of Official Record. (a) The Attorney General shall retain in permanent form one copy of all registration statements and all statements concerning the distribution of political propaganda furnished until this Act, and the same shall be public records and open to public examination and inspection at

31 Subsecs. (e) and (f) were added by the Act of July 4, 1966 (80 Stat. 244 at 247).

32 22 U.S.C. 615. Sec. 5 was amended and restated by the Act of Apr. 29, 1942 (56 Stat. 248), with the phrase "in accordance with such business and accounting practices" added by Public Law 89-486 (80 Stat. 244).

33 22 U.S.C. 616. Subsec. (a) was amended and restated by the Act of Apr. 29, 1942 (56 Stat. 248). Subsecs. (b) and (c) were added by Public Law 89-486 (80 Stat. 244).

(b) It shall be unlawful for any person within the United States who is an agent of a foreign principal and required to register under the provisions of this Act to transmit or cause to be trans1. mitted in the United States mails or by any means or instrumen=tality of interstate or foreign commerce any political propaganda for or in the interests of such foreign principal (i) in the form of : prints, or (ii) in any other form which is reasonably adapted to being, or which he believes will be, or which he intends to be, disseminated or circulated among two or more persons, unless such political propaganda is conspicuously marked at its beginning with, or prefaced or accompanied by, a true and accurate statement, in the language or languages used in such political propaganda, setting forth the relationship or connection between the person transmitting the political propaganda or causing it to be transmitted and such propaganda; that the person transmitting such political propaganda or causing it to be transmitted is registered under this Act with the Department of Justice, Washington, District of Columbia, as an agent of a foreign principal, together with the name and address of such agent of a foreign principal and of such foreign principal; that, as required by this Act, his registration statement is available for inspection at and copies of such political propaganda are being filed with the Department of Justice; and that registration of agents of foreign principals required by the Act does not indicate approval by the United States Government of the contents of their political propaganda. The Attorney General, having due regard for the national security and the public interest, may by regulation prescribe the language or languages and the manner and form in which such statement shall be made and require the inclusion of such other information contained in the registration statement identifying such agent of a foreign principal and such political propaganda and its sources as may be appropriate.

(c) 28 The copies of political propaganda required by this Act to be filed with the Attorney General shall be available for public inspection under such regulations as he may prescribe.

(d) For purposes of the Library of Congress, other than for public distribution, the Secretary of the Treasury and the Postmaster General are authorized, upon the request of the Librarian of Congress, to forward to the Library of Congress fifty copies, or as many fewer thereof as are available, of all foreign prints determined to be prohibited entry under the provisions of section 305 of title III of the Act of June 17, 1930 (46 Stat. 688),29 and of all foreign prints excluded from the mails under authority of section 1 of title XII of the Act of June 15, 1917 (40 Stat. 230).30

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 305 of title III of the Act of June 17, 1930 (46 Stat. 688),29 and of section 1 of title XII of the Act of June 15, 1917 (40 Stat. 230), 30 the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to permit the entry and the Postmaster General is authorized to permit the transmittal in the mails of foreign prints imported for governmental purposes by authority or for

28 Subsec. (c) was amended by the Act of July 4, 1966 (80 Stat. 244 at 247), to provide that the political propaganda filed with the Attorney General shall be available for public inspection. 29 19 U.S.C. 1305.

30 18 U.S.C. 1717.

such reasonable hours, under such regulations, as the Attorney General may prescribe, and copies of the same shall be furnished to every applicant at such reasonable fee as the Attorney General may prescribe. The Attorney General may withdraw from public examination the registration statement and other statements of any agent of a foreign principal whose activities have ceased to be of a character which requires registration under the provisions of this Act.

(b) The Attorney General shall, promptly upon receipt, transmit one copy of every registration statement filed hereunder and one copy of every amendment or supplement thereto, and one copy of every item of political propaganda filed hereunder to the Secretary of State for such comment and use as the Secretary of State may determine to be appropriate from the point of view of the foreign relations of the United States. Failure of the Attorney General so to transmit such copy shall not be a bar to prosecution under this Act.

(c) The Attorney General is authorized to furnish to departments and agencies in the executive branch and committees of the Congress such information obtained by him in the administration of this Act, including the names of registrants under this Act, copies of registration statements, or parts thereof, copies of political propaganda, or other documents or information filed under this Act, as may be appropriate in the light of the purposes of this Act.

Sec. 7.34 Liability of Officers.-Each officer, or person performing the functions of an officer, and each director or person performing the functions of a director, of an agent of a foreign principal which is not an individual shall be under obligation to cause such agent to execute and file a registration statement and supplements thereto as and when such filing is required under sections 2(a) and 2(b) hereof and shall also be under obligation to cause such agent to comply with all the requirements of sections 4(a), 4(b), and 5 and all other requirements of this Act. Dissolution of any organization acting as an agent of a foreign principal shall not relieve any officer, or person performing the functions of an officer, or any director, or person performing the functions of a director, from complying with the provisions of this section. In case of failure of any such agent of a foreign principal to comply with any of the requirements of this Act, each of its officers, or persons performing the functions of officers, and each of its directors, or persons performing the functions of directors, shall be subject to prosecution therefor.

Sec. 8.35 Enforcement and Penalties.-(a) Any person who

(1) willfully violates any provisions of this Act or any regulations thereunder, or

(2) in any registration statement or supplement thereto or in any statement under section 4(a) hereof concerning the distribution of political propaganda or in any other documents filed with or furnished to the Attorney General under the provisions of this Act willfully makes a false statement of a materi

34 22 U.S.C. 617. Sec. 7 was amended and restated by the Act of Apr. 29, 1942; further amended and restated by sec. 2 of Public Law 81-642 (64 Stat. 400).

35 22 U.S.C. 618. Sec. 8 was added by the Act of Apr. 29, 1942 (56 Stat. 248).