the dais of the throne. Others imitated them, tore the standards, divided the rags, and made trophies, scarfs, and cockades of them. Captain Dunoyer rallied around the flower of his men, summoned by his voice from the spectacle of the destruction of the chateau. He reformed his column, and cried, ‘To the Chamber! Let us pursue royalty into the asylum where its shadow has sought refuge.'

"The column crossed the Seine, and moved along the Quay d'Orsay, amid cries of Down with the regency!' It was swelled in its progress by those men whom popular currents draw in, as an overflowing river absorbs, without selection, all the purity and impurity upon its banks. A butcher's boy, his apron stained with blood, brandishing a cutlass in his hand; a bareheaded and bald old man, with a white and bristling beard, armed with a drawn sword, of antique fashion, taken from some museum, whose guard was formed by a loaf pierced by the long blade-a living model of the painter's studio; other vagabonds, attracting attention by their rags, and the singularity of their arms and attire, — placed themselves at the head of the National Guards and combatants, like so many eruptions of the volcanic explosion of the people. Pupils of the Polytechnic School marched between these men and the column. They advanced in double-quick time. The outposts of the line in vain crossed bayonets; the Republicans beat down the arms of the soldiers, passed them, and perceived the court carriages, which were waiting for the duchess at the doors of the Chamber. They were afraid that the supplications and tears of a woman would deprive them of the revolution.

"The butcher's boy, knife in hand, crossed the empty space between the tribune and the steps. The deputies

fell back in horror, shielding themselves from contact with his bloody garments. They formed a denser group on the upper benches, around the Duchess of Orleans. The princess, unintimidated, took notes with a pencil on her knee. She was doubtless searching her heart for words that would best save her son." 1

Every moment the throng became more clamorous; the deputies grew more inflammatory. The butcher's boy ran towards the Duchess, crying, "The spawn of royalty, we must make an end of them," but was held back by a brave son of old Marshal Soult, who hurled him down into the crowd with just indignation and abhorrence.

At length, it became apparent that the noble woman could no longer remain in safety. The deputies who had gathered around her were unable any longer to save her from violence, and she was forced out of the hall, and left in the crowd without. Here she was separated from her children, and, covered with a veil which concealed her countenance, she was dashed about by the swarms of people, until she fell against a glass door, which yielded, and she was borne away to a place of safety. The little Count of Paris met with more severe treatment. He was recognized, and a brawny man was about strangling him in the streets, when he was rescued by a national guard, who carried him, at the risk of his own life, to his mother. The Duke of Chartres fared still worse. He fell in the street, and was trodden down by the mob. Rescued at length, he was taken away, and for several days his mother remained without any knowledge of his safety, in the most distressing anxiety.

1 Lamartine's History of the Revolution.

While all this was taking place at the seat of gov ernment, the king, with the queen and their children, had fed as far as Dreux, where he heard that his abdication had not saved the throne to his grandson. He now began to fear for his own safety. The sad fate of Louis XVI was before his mind, and he resolved to escape at once to England. Under the name of Theodore Lebran, he succeeded in the attempt, while his younger son, the Duke of Montpensier, with his wife, a delicate young woman, fed to Brussels. The whole family were at length united on English soil, secure from the waves of popular tumult which are continually dashing in France.

After the exciting scenes which we have now described had transpired, a provisional government, with Lamartine at the head, was formed, which soon became swallowed up in what has been termed a republic.

We now come to the time of Louis Napoleon, who is the son of Louis Bonaparte, ex-king of Holland. His mother was the daughter of Josephine, the fair but frail Hortensia Beauharnais, with whom his father lived but a short time. He was thus a nephew of the

The following account is given of Louis Napoleon's parentage:

"Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, who is more of a man than the world have supposed, is the nephew of the great Napoleon Bonaparte, and grandson of Josephine, his first wife. This captivating woman had two children, both by her first husband - Eugene and Hortense Beauharnais. Louis Bonaparte, father of him who is now at the head of the French people, was the third brother of the great Napoleon, and was born at Ajaccio, (Corsica,) on the 2d of September, 1778. His marriage with the daughter of Josephine was not his own choice, but brought about by the

joint labor of Napoleon, and especially Josephine, who artfully accomplished many objects by which she hoped to make certain her own position as empress. The first proposal was made to him in July, 1800, shortly after the return of the first consul from the campaign, one of the conflicts of which was the battle of Marengo. He then gave it a decided negative. Not long after, it was renewed, but with no better success; and to escape further importunity, Louis Bonaparte made a tour of several months in Germany.

"In October, 1801, Josephine, not at all discouraged by the two previous refusals to comply with her

great Napoleon, to whose station he has so frequently aspired. He was made, by the emperor, Grand Duke of Berg, but obtained no distinction as a warrior or statesman. His youth seems to have been marked by nothing which would entitle him to any unusual honor, as a man or as a politician.

He first presented himself to the world in an insurrection at Strasbourg, which was badly planned, and resulted most unfavorably. The garrison, consisting of several regiments, and the people, were enthusiastic in his favor. But owing to the most unskillful generalship, he lost his cause. Scarcely a blow was struck, or a gun fired, or a drop of blood shed. A stern royalist ran in among his own soldiers, and declared to them that the person calling himself Louis Napoleon, nephew of the emperor, was only an impostor. They became clamorous at once, and demanded that Louis Napoleon should prove his identity; and before he could do this, his camp was in complete disorder, and he was taken prisoner. In this expedition, he certainly exhibited a want of tact and skill, as well as self-possession and bravery, and received, as he deserved, the scorn of his associates. We next find him in an insurrection at Boulogne,

proposals, made a fresh assault upon Louis. One evening, during a ball at Malmaison, she took him aside; Napoleon joined the conference, and after a long conversation 'they made him give his consent,' in the language of Louis himself, and on the 4th of January, 1802, the contract, the civil marriage, and the religious ceremony took place at the private residence of the first consul in Paris. Hortense Beauharnais had just left the celebrated boarding school of Madame Campan, and had no different part in the affair than her husband - both becoming instruments in the hands of the first con

sul and Josephine. 'Never,' wrote Louis, was there a more gloomy ceremony; never had husband and wife a stronger presentiment of the bitterness of a reluctant and ill-assorted union.' And Madame Campan, who was at a ball given in honor of the event, states that every countenance beamed with satisfaction save that of the bride, whose profound melancholy formed a sad contrast to the happiness she might have been expected to evince; she seemed to shun her husband's very looks, lest he should read in hers the indifference she felt towards him.'"

which was as badly managed, and resulted as disgracefully as the other; and he was shut up by the French government in the citadel of Ham, where he remained until he was made president, four years ago. During the existence of the provisional government, an effort was made to recall him, and restore to him his privileges, but without success. Lamartine himself introduced a decree, which was adopted by the National Assembly almost unanimously, declaring Louis Napoleon to be an outlaw, a disturber of the peace of the nation, a man dangerous to national honor; and declared his continued confinement necessary to the prosperity of France.

But when the election of president was ordered, his name was mentioned, by partisans, as a candidate. The people who honor the name and reverence the memory of Bonaparte, were carried away with the idea of having another ruler of the same name, and, by a large majority, he was elected to guide the ship of state. In administering the affairs of the government, he has been more successful than his most sanguine friends imagined, and has exhibited some traits of character which none supposed him to possess. But an attentive observer could not fail to see that all his efforts have been tending towards a centralization of influence, and every month the conviction has deepened, that he would not retire from office without an exhibition of his real character and object. He is a man of more ambition than common sense, and has secured his present position simply from the fact that he bears a mighty name. His virtues, if he has any, never would have given him any title to leadership; and any effort which he might have made for office and honor would have been received with contempt and scorn.