IN WHICH MODERN COMMENTATORS DIFFER FROM THE AUTHORIZED CHAP. I. 4. JOSHUA. nor the words all the land of the Hittites, -sertum ab austro Judaeam terminabit, Liba וְעַד־הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל מְבוֹא הַשָּׁמֶשׁ יִהְיֶה Rosen. A deserto et Libano hoc. De nus ad septentrionem. Libano additur 737, :?? hoc, quia ex loco, in quo castra tunc habe quo vid. τὴν ἔρημον καὶ τὸν ̓Αντιλίβανον ἕως τοῦ bant Israelitæ, prospiciebatur, ille mons, de ποταμοῦ τοῦ μεγάλου ποταμοῦ Εὐφράτου, καὶ quæ diximus in libro die Bibl. ἕως τῆς θαλάσσης τῆς ἐσχάτης, ἀφ' ἡλίου Alterthumskunde, s. Bibl. Geographie, vol. i., δυσμῶν ἔσται τὰ ὅρια ὑμῶν. Au. Ver.-4 From the wilderness and this Lebanon even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the great sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your coast. This Lebanon. Ged.-Yonder Lebanon. usque ad fluvium illum magnum, fluvium All the land of the Hittites. Houbigant, Michaëlis, Kennicott, Geddes, Boothroyd, and others, consider these words to be an interpolation. Ken.-The extent of the country granted non expressit; videri, ut Dathius into the Israelites is not described here very quit, possent redundare, quia in describendis clearly. For, though the four boundaries limitibus loca intermedia nihil attinet comare mentioned, the wilderness on the south, memorare. Sed vere monet Maurer, talia with Lebanon on the north, and the Eu- esse sermonis popularis, minus accurati. phrates on the east, with the Mediterranean Arabicus interpres posuit super, i. e., ultra Sea on the West, yet, as Joshua was now at terram Chittæorum, quasi pro legisset ; a great distance from Lebanon, it is not nec id male., Et usque ad likely he should say this Lebanon; and it is mare magnum, i.e., Mediterraneum, ut less likely that he should describe the whole Num. xxxiv. 6. to Nian, Ingressum, of this country by the words, all the land of i. e., occasum solis versus, ut Deut. xi. 30; the Hittites. The Vulgate version is free Ps. L. 1., Erit finis s. terminus from the word this, and the Greek version is vester. Sed et pro iis, quæ fine claudunfree from both difficulties. But there is tur passim sumitur, ut Matth. ii. 16, eu much greater authority; namely, that of Βηθλεέμ, καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῆς, ἐκ Moses, expressly referred to here, in ver. 3; Bethlehem et in omnibus finibus ejus, i e., in and Deut. ii. 24 has neither the word this, toto ejus territorio, VOL. II. B vs. 8, p, quod idem. Sed hoc loco idem interpres, sibi non constans, ng, ut Sic et prospere tibi succedat transtulit. Ver. 7. ἴσχυε οὖν καὶ ἀνδρίζου φυλάσσεσθαι καὶ ποιεῖν καθότι ἐνετείλατό σοι Μωυσῆς ὁ παῖς μου. καὶ οὐκ ἐκκλινεῖς ἀπ' αὐτῶν εἰς δεξιὰ οὐδὲ εἰς ἀριστερὰ, ἵνα συνῇς ἐν πᾶσιν οἷς ἐὰν πράσσῃς. Hoc : aba ¬wn big buti, prospere res suas gerere significat, ut Prov. xvii. 8; Jesai. lii. 13 (ad quem loc. vid. not.), quia rerum felix successus ex prudentia plerumque proficiscitur. tamen in quo versamur loco necesse non est, ut proprium verbi sum significatum deseramus. Nam quæ Josuæ commendatur legis Au. Ver.-7 Only be thou strong and Mosaicæ observatio efficiet, ut prudenter very courageous, that thou mayest observe agat. hic pro 7, in universitate to do according to all the law, which Moses viarum tuarum, in omnibus tuis viis, i. e., my servant commanded thee: turn not from actionibus, ex noto Hebraismo. Cf. 1 Sam. it to the right hand or to the left, that thou xviii. 14, 1, eratque mayest prosper [or, do wisely] whitherso- Davides in omnibus viis suis prudens, aut ever thou goest. That thou mayest observe to do. Ged. In the observance and practice of. felix. Ver. 8. הַכָּתוּב בּוֹ כִּי־אָז תַּצְלִיחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶךָ,observare agere secundum omnem hanc legem in pluribus codicibus et libris לִשְׁמֹר לַעֲשׂוֹת Pro quam jussit te observare Moses, servus meus. : ἵνα εἰδῇς ποιεῖν παντα τὰ γεγραμμένα. editis legitur, inserta copula, rity, τότε εὐοδωθήσῃ, καὶ εὐοδώσεις τὰς ὁδούς σου, observare et agere (cf. Deut. vii. 12, Kai TÓTE σUVÝσELS. ons on), ut est infra xxiii. 6, idemque Au. Ver.-8 This book of the law shall h. 1. exprimitur a Græco Alexandrino (pvXáσσeσdai kaì moleîv), et a reliquis veteribus, not depart out of thy mouth; but thou shalt præter Chaldæum. Sed quum versu proxi- meditate therein day and night, that thou mo legamus ip, ut observes mayest observe to do according to all that is agere: copula nec hic erit inserenda. Est written therein for then thou shalt make autem observare facere, i. q. animum atten- thy way prosperous, and then thou shalt dere ad faciendum, operam dare, ne quid have good success [or, do wisely]. eorum omittatur quæ lege sunt præscripta. Similis loquendi formula Num. xxiii. 12: 27, observabo loqui, et 2 Reg. x. 31: , non observavit ire in lege Jova. Quia nonnumquam mente, memoria servare denotat, ut Genes. xxxvii. 11; Clericus nostra verba mallet sic interpretari: ut memineris te gerere secundum legem cet. Quod tamen minus commodum videtur. in That thou mayest prosper. Pool, Patrick. Or, do wisely, as it is the margin; for it is the greatest policy to be truly religious.—Bp. Patrick. Ged. That in all thy proceedings thou mayest act with prudence. Bp. Patrick.-Thou shalt make thy way prosperous, and have good success.] Or, do wisely. Prudence and prosperity go together; but no prudence is comparable to the strict observance of the laws of God, upon which the felicity of kingdoms and states depends. Ged. For then thou shalt be prosperous, because then thou wilt act with prudence. Rosen. De verbis nie ova je vid. ad vs. 7, -, Nam tunc prosperas reddes vias tuas, et tunc prudenter ages. Prudentiæ vero quia prosper successus fere est junctus, verbum haud raro bene succedendi notionem includit. Arabicus interpres dirigentur, scil. viæ tuæ (quod proxime præcedit) reddidit, aliter quam vs. 7 (ubi vid. not.), nec tamen male. Rosen.-Ut prudenter agas in omni quo ibis, in quacunque re versaberis. Verbum , intelligentem, prudentem evadere, esse, agere, denotare constat. Hinc Græcus Alexandrinus et Vulgatus Latinus ἵνα συνῇς, ut intelligas reddiderunt, et Chaldæus infra xi. 16. Ver. 10. Au. Ver.-Officers. See notes on Numb. Bp. Patrick. I have often observed, that as shophetim were judges, who heard causes in their courts, and pronounced sentence; so shoterim were inferior officers belonging to the court, who summoned people to attend, and executed the sentence: for after Moses had mentioned (Deut. i. 15) the chief of their tribes, captains over thousands, and hundreds, and fifties, and tens, he at last mentions these officers among their tribes; who were employed, it appears by this place, in the camp, as well as in the courts of justice. Ver. 11. conceived thus: Joshua gives the people notice of their passage over Jordan within three days here, and at the same time sends away the spies, who return ere those three days be ended. For the three days, Josh. ii. 22, may be understood of one whole day, and part of two other days, as it is in that famous instance, Matt. xxvii. 63, of which see more on that place, and on Matt. xii. 40. The spies came to Jericho in the evening of the first day, and intended to lie there, Josh. ii. 8; but being disturbed and affrighted by the search made after them, they go away that night into the mountains, and there abide the time mentioned. Joshua having delivered this message from God to the עִבְרוּ וּ בְּקֶרֶב הַמַּחֲנֶה וְצַוּוּ אֶת־ Israelites, and sent away the spies, removes הָעָם לֵאמֹר הָכִינוּ לָכֶם עֵדָה כִּי from Shittim to Jordan, Josh. iii. 1, being בְּעוֹדוּ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים אַתֶּם עֹבְרִים אֶת־ sufficiently assured of his safe passage over הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה לָבוֹא לָרֶשֶׁת אֶת־הָאָרֶץ and after those three days mentioned here אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם נֹתֵן לָכֶם nwab Ni εἰσέλθατε κατὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ ἐντείλασθε τῷ λαῷ, λέγοντες, έτοι μάζεσθε ἐπισιτισμόν, ὅτι ἔτι τρεῖς ἡμέραι καὶ ὑμεῖς διαβαίνετε τὸν Ἰορδάνην τοῦτον, εἰσελθόντες κατασχεῖν τὴν γῆν, ἣν κύριος ὁ θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν δίδωσιν ὑμῖν. Au. Ver.-11 Pass through the host, and command the people, saying, Prepare you victuals; for within three days ye shall pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land, which the Lord your God giveth you to possess it. Pool. Within three days.] Quest. How can this be, when the spies, who were not yet sent away, continued three days hid in the mountains, Josh. ii. 22, and the people passed not over till three days after the spies returned? Josh. iii. 2. Answ. These words, though placed here, seem not to have been delivered by Joshua till after the return of the spies; such transpositions being so frequent in Scripture, that interpreters have formed this general rule, that there is no certain order, no former nor latter, in the histories of the Scripture. And hence it comes that these three days mentioned here below, after the history of the spies, are again repeated, Josh. iii. 2. Besides, the Septuagint render the words yet three days; and the Chaldee, in the end of three days; others, after three days, as it is Josh. iii. 2. Or these three days may be the same with those Josh. ii. 22, and the matter may be Jordan, whatsoever became of the spies; were past, Josh. iii. 2, he sends the officers to the people with a second message about the manner of their actual passing over. Bp. Patrick.-See notes on iii. 1, 2. Dr. A. Clarke.-For within three days ye shall pass.] Calmet contends, with great appearance of truth, that these three days should be reckoned from the first day of their encamping at Jordan, three days after the return of the spies, i. e., on the eighth day of the first month, on the tenth of which they passed over Jordan. The text, therefore, is supposed to mean, Prepare victuals for three days' march, for "on the third day after your decampment from Shittim ye shall pass over this Jordan." Ver. 13. זָכוֹר אֶת־הַדָּבָר וגו' μνήσθητε τὸ ῥῆμα, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-13 Remember the word which Moses the servant of the LORD commanded you, saying, The LORD your God hath given you rest, and hath given you this land. Remember. Houb.-Lege, mementote. Omnes veteres plurali numero interpretantur. Est locus similis, Exod. cap. xiii., v. 3, ubi hod. Codex. , Sam. 1, et sic legendum monent plurales numeri, qui sequuntur, nempe D, D, Codex, Orat. 42 mendose. Rosen. 13 Recordemini verbum quod jussit vos. Infinitivus pro imperativo, ut Deut. v. 12, vi, observare, i. e., observato. Jerem. ii. 2, 7, ire, i.e., ito. Cf. N. G. | antesignanos fuisse, sed socii potius fuere. Schroderi Syntax., Reg. liv. c. et Gesenii Nec semper locum anteriorem, sed præLehrgeb., p. 783. Ver. 14. yab owen sentiam sæpe significat, coram, ut Exod. et coram servis ejus, et in frequentissimo illo , coram Jova. Igitur his verbis hoc arma cum iis conjungetis, quod ipsum pos significatur: vos aderitis fratribus vestris אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָכֶם מֹשֶׁה בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן strenui et expediti ad pugnandum, socia וְאַתֶּם תַּעַבְרוּ חֲמִשִׁים לִפְנֵי אֲחֵיכֶם כָּל , וַעֲזַרְתָּם אוֹתָם ,trema hujus versus verba dicunt גִּבּוֹרֵי הַחַיִל וַעֲזַרְתֶּם אוֹתָם: αἱ γυναῖκες ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ παιδία ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ et adjuretis eos. T ἔδωκεν κτήνη ὑμῶν κατοικείτωσαν ἐν τῇ γῇ ᾖ ἔ ὑμῖν. ὑμεῖς δὲ διαβήσεσθε εὔζωνοι. πρότεροι τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν πᾶς ὁ ἰσχύων. καὶ συμμαχήσετε αὐτοῖς. Au. Ver.-14 Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall remain in the land which Moses gave you on this side Jordan; but ye shall pass before your brethren armed [Heb., marshalled by five], all the mighty men of valour, and help them. Before their brethren. Ver. 16. · πάντα ὅσα ἐὰν ἐντείλῃ ἡμῖν ποιήσομεν, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-16 All that thou com mandest us we will do, &c. All. Twelve MSS. read .—Ken. Booth. The genius of the language sup ports the various reading . CHAP. II. 1. Pool.-Either, 1. In their presence [so in ba [so Patrick]; which was but reasonable; partly, because they had the advantage of abbay in-ng) vond שְׁנַיִם אֲנָשִׁים מְרַגְלִים חֶרֶשׁ לֵאמֹר לְכָוּ Rosen.]. Or, 2. In the front of all of them בֵּית־אִשָּׁה זוֹנָה וּשְׁמָהּ רָחָב וַיִּשְׁכְּבוּ־ their brethren, having actually received their portion, which their brethren had only in hope, and therefore were obliged to more service, the rather to prevent the envy of the other tribes; partly, because they were freed from those impediments which the rest were exposed to, their wives, and children, and estates being safely lodged; and partly, to prevent their retreat and withdrawing themselves from the present service, which they otherwise should have had opportunity and temptation to do, because of the nearness of their habitations. IT T καὶ ἀπέστειλεν Ἰησοῦς υἱὸς Ναυῆ ἐκ Σαττὶν δύο νεανίσκους κατασκοπεῦσαι, λέγων. ἀνάβητε καὶ ἴδετε τὴν γῆν καὶ τὴν Ιεριχώ. καὶ πορευθέντες οἱ δύο νεανίσκοι εἰσήλθοσαν εἰς Ιεριχώ. καὶ εἰσήλθοσαν εἰς οἰκίαν γυναικὸς πόρνης, ᾗ ὄνομα Ραάβ. καὶ κατέλυσαν ἐκεῖ. Au. Ver. 1 And Joshua the son of Nun sent [or, had sent] out of Shittim two men to spy secretly, saying, Go, view the land, even Jericho. And they went, and came into an harlot's house, named Rahab, and lodged [Heb., lay] there. הַמְשִׁים lis quae de voce Armed. See notes on Exod. xiii. 18. Rosen. — A DANI, Vos autem transite strenui. diximus ad Exod. xiii. 18, addimus, verbum , a quo illa est deducta, posse ejusdem Sent. So Rosen. Horsley, Ged., Booth., Clarke, and others. -Had sent. Bp. Patrick.-Joshua-sent.] Or, had sent, before the directions given to the officers, mentioned in the foregoing chapter, verses 10, 11, which best agrees with the twenty-second verse of this chapter, and the rest of the story. significationis esse cum Arabum juaś, vehemens strenuusque valde fuit in prælio. In parallelo Numerorum loco xxxii. 17, pro Do legitur D, festinantes, i. e., alacres. Verba interpretanda potius videntur coram patribus vestris, quam ante fratres Rosen. Deinde misit Josua, Nunis filius, vestros, рóτeроv тŵv ådeλþŵv iμov, ut ex Schittim duos viros explorantes clam. Græcus Alexandrinus reddidit. Neque enim Verbum interpretum plures per plusverisimile est, duas illas tribus et dimidiam quamperfectum reddunt, quia quæ hoc in prima acie ubique adversus hostes con- capite de exploratorum missione narrantur sistere debuisse, et ceterarum tribuum veluti ante ea quæ cap. i. habentur facta existi |