education whether I say such man would feel upon the relaany degree tion that sentiment of disaprobation of the conduct which we feel or no Then follows what is said in the Moral Philosophy in the chapter on Moral Sense, which is mixed up with Bounty, Charity, &c. But there is no appearance of any story from Valerius Maximus, nor is it clear what the word is which ought to be inserted before Conduct. It is certainly not Toranius, as it now stands. Of Politics, the whole appears in his Lectures in the following: *Abraham. Jacob. Greece-Italy-Gaul-Britain-America-Judea. POLITICS. thing from Toλs science of every [kind] relating to society. Cap. 1. OF THE ORIGIN OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. Government at first either + domestic or military of a parent over his family or a general over his fellow soldiers. Parental authority the foundation of civil for when children had been accustomed in their childhood to follow their parents directions and refer their differences to him when they grew up they would continue to do the same for who each would say so fit to direct and decide as [they] he-after his death would remain connected and fall under some successor of his appointment or otherwise electedafter which conquest accidental coalition common distress and other [means] reasons might extend the numbers and possessions of this small community. Military authority the foundation of civil-in defence or war manifest necessity prompted those on the same side to put themselves, under one leader which leader would retain in part his preeminence and authority after they returned to peace + most countries at first occupied by many small independent governments. † some millions of stout strong men in many states obey the will of a child a woman a fool a madman. + right of primogeniture to tolls-to titles honour estates to uphold which princes have sometimes derived their extraction from Gods as Romulus and Saxon Princes or pretended a communication with 'em as Numa or to be the successors of those who had as the Sultan of Mahomet, Pope of St. Peter hence also the sacred efficacy of anointing the titles of Gods vicegerent * Persians had a custom upon the death of their king to live 5 days without law or government that finding by experience the miserable effects of anarchy the slaughter rapine and confusion that accompanied such a condition they might be engaged in a firmer allegiance to their future sovereigns. As in a crowd or play house when men are taken up with the exhibition they think not of pushing forwards or, changing their situation. Cap 2. * How is submission secured when the strength is in the governed? Men do not all obey from the same motive [s] yet each class and character of citizens have sufficient though different inducements to obey. Three classes of subjects. 1. Those who act from prejudice 2. Those who act from reason 3 Those who act from self-interest Those who act from prejudice determined by an opinion of right in the governors founded on ancient prescription † the opinion strengthened by observing that prescription conveys the right to almost all other things or by a notion of sanctity in the person of the Prince called opinion of right * Those who act from reason determined by the necessity of some government or other the certain mischief of a civil disturbance and the danger of resettling it better or act ill if once disturbed. †Those who act from self-interest by want of leisureby the sense of ease plenty and safety he enjoys-by fear + Cromwell advised to assume the title of king. hence many things retained rather than break the custom. + Revolution broke the custom of succession and thereby abated the opinion of the right inheritance both in king and people-Elections in order to be free must not devolve for many times together upon persons of the same family or office Weavers Sailors Coalheavers Miners-are connected by their profession |