THE NEPAUL TREATY. The Nepaul war is now ended, and the Rajah of Nepaul, has engaged, by the terms of a treaty which has been concluded with England, never to take or retain in his service any British subject, nor the subject of any European or American states, without the consent of the English government. It appears then, that the English, not satisfied with having obtained by the terms of that treaty, all the lands which were the subject of discussion between the two powers-all the low lands between the rivers Cali and Nupti-all the low lands lying between the Gunduck and Goosah, where the authority of the British government has been introduced, or is in a course of introduction, (a very definite phrase) all the all the territories within the hills eastward of the river Meilcheck, including the lands of Nagrenot satisfied with having obtained these important cessions, they exercise a supervisory jurisdiction over the remaining provinces, which are still in the possession of the Rajah, and exclude foreigners from becoming his subjects without British assent. This reminds us of the lines of Mr. Fingal

low lands between the Meilcheck and Teesah

these spasms, which lasted two or three minutes each, and were alternated by intervals of repose of seven or eight minutes duration, the girls strug gled and threw themselves about exceedinglyeach of them requiring 3 or 4 men to hold her. The first remedy proposed was bleeding, which being tried upon one of them, afforded a temporary relief only. The other, who was attacked the night before in a similar manner but not so violently as she was this night, was twice bied in the course of yesterday, and experienced immediate relief on both occasions.-She was not bled a third time, however, as the operation had not the desired effect upon the other. Finding this remedy ineffectual, and the girls continuing to rave violently, the captain of the flat and two or three other white men on board his boat, together with all the negroes, began to set their wits to work in order to divine the cause of this strange disorder. At length, after having puzzled their brains and racked their ingenuity for a considerable time, a suspicion that some powerful charm or incantation had been practised upon the girls, came to their relief, and darting like a salamander or ignisfatuus through their imaginations, dispelled all the doubts and uncertainties with which their minds were before darkened. The matter being settled thus far to the entire satisfaction of all, the next thing to be determined was the person who was the author of all this mischief.-The investigation of this important point was attended with very lit-cle was introduced, allowing to our countrymen, tle delay. Suspicion soon fastened upon a poor old negro man, who was also one of the slaves, (a very singular circumstance, as old women almost exclusively are liable to be suspected on such occasions; but, unfortunately for the old slave, there was no old woman on board.) The old man had officiated as cook the day before, and on some occasion or other had got into a dispute with the two girls in question, and some harsh words passed between them. By the unanimous opinion of the whole, captain, crew and negroes, the poor old man was adjudged guilty of the horrible deed, which he had perpetrated by means of powerful spells which he was able to cast, or powders which he had mixed with food for the girls to eat. was accordingly taken into custody immediately and chained to the deck, with his hands and feet bound in irons. The poor old negro was not suffered to utter a syllable in his own defence, nor had remonstrances from any other source the least avail in changing their foolish and cruel purpose. No comments are needed upon the character of those who can be guilty of such gross stupidity and barbarism.

He

July 30. The poor old negro still remains chained as before described-the captain of the Flat and two other men on board, contemptible dupes of their own stupidity, still persisting in their shameful credulity. Remonstrances have been made repeatedly by our captain and several of the Keel passengers, but all to no purpose. His master proposed to him last evening that he would take off his irons if he would confess by what means one of the rivets of his shackles had become loose, which was evidently owing to its not having been hammered down effectually.-But because the old man protested his ignorance of the cause, and would not confess he had effected it himself by some magical powers of which he was possessed, the poor fool, his master, refused to release him.

"You shall be Vice-roys here, 'tis true, "But we'll be Vice-roys over you."

In our treaty with the Dey of Algiers, an arti

in case of war with other powers, the sale of thei prizes in his dominions, and excluding all other powers from the exercise of this privilege. Against this article, the English government have formerly protested, and demanded its expunction. We would ask, whether the insertion of the above article, in the Nepaul treaty, does not as broadly contravene the rights of neutral and friendly nations? We would ask, what right the English, more than any other government, have to dictate to an independent power, of what class of citizens his subjects shall be composed? [F. Rep.

The Canadian Courant informs, that a serious affair has recently taken place between individuals belonging to the Hudson Bay Company and others belonging to the North-West Company, in which 25 of the former were killed. Verbal accounts add that open hostilities exist between the two rival companies; that a principal fort belonging to the Hudson Bay Company has been seized by the North West, on which occasion the above 25 persons were killed, and that the governor of the fort or company was among the number kil|| led.

"These rival companies have been at variance some years; their collisions have several times before led to bloody frays, but the aggressors have gone unpunished. The earl of Selkirk is deeply interested in the Hudson Bay Company; and we are told his principal object to Canada is to avenge upon the North West some of the outrag es which they have heretofore committed. Probably through his influence governor Sherbrooke lately issued a proclamation, making offences committed in the Indian territory cognizable before the civil magistrates of the provinces. Lord Selkirk has also commenced prosecutions against many of the principal persons employed in the North West, and caused process to be be served

native-and the idea has been suggested in the British cabinet to give every possible facility to it..

DOMESTIC.

when the annual trading expedition had set out and got some distance from Montreal. The effect, as intended, was to derange, and partially break up the expedition. We feel no gratification We were mistaken in our last, as to the time at the loss of human lives; yet we confess we are the banks had agreed to pay specie; the time gratified at the prospect which these facts furnish agreed upon is the first of July next-that being of seeing prostrated the power and influence of the time the national bank would probably be in an association who have enjoyed almost uncon- full operation: in the mean time, they have detroled sway in the province, as well as in the In-termined to lessen the circulation of their own dian territory, and who have been particularly notes. The country banks of Pennsylvania and inimical to the extension of our frontier settle- the banks of Ohio have resolved to pay specie as ments, and our commercial intercourse with the soon as the banks in the cities of the Atlantic Indian tribes."—[Albany Argus. States do. All the New-York banks commenced paying specie for their notes under one dollar on the 26th inst.

Northern Boundary.

It is reported, as a fact indirectly derived from the topographical engineer who is now employed in surveying the boundary between the United States and Canada, that the forty-fifth degree of north latitude is found to be sixteen miles north of the present boundary; and that it will throw into the United States, between the highlands of New-Hampshire and the St. Lawrence, sixteen townships, which have hitherto been considered as being within the province of Lower Canada, and also the important military position of Isle-au Noix. If this fact should be confirmed, it will add || to New-York and Vermont a valuable tract of territory, and contribute to our security upon that frontier. [Ibid.

Law Intelligence.

The Orange County Patriot, of Sept. 17, printed at Goshen, has the following:

A salutary admonition to overseers of highways is furnished by the result of a late trial in the common pleas of Washington county. William Crozier brought an action against an overseer of highways, for the value of a horse which had his leg broke, and died, in consequence of falling through a bridge in the district of which the de fendant was overseer. It was proved that the defendant had knowledge of the bridge being out of repair some weeks. The jury brought in a verdict against the overseer for the value of the horse.

The steam boat Enterprize, it is said, was struck with lightning on the evening of the 10th inst. just after she had left Sullivan's island with passengers for Charleston, which burst one of the boilers. Most of the passengers (about 60 in number) were in the cabin to avoid the rain then falling. Ten persons were the unfortunate suffer. ers, four white men and six blacks; two of the former killed, a third so severely scalded that he died in a few days after, and the fourth much injured; the six blacks were more or less injured.

"On Friday last, came on at the circuit in this county, before his honor Judge Platt, the trial of Peggy Bourdon against Stephen Fish. It was an action brought by the plaintiff to recover damages of the defendant for the loss of services of the By a letter received in Baltimore, dated Buenos plaintiff's daughter, who had been induced, un- Ayres, July 25, it appears that on the 9th of that der false and fraudulent pretences, to become month, the congress at Tecuman declared the the wife of the defendant, who it appeared, had a Provinces of Rio de la Plata a free and independformer wife living at the time. The jury retired ent government; which was accordingly commulate on Saturday night, and shortly returned a ver-nicated, officially, to our consul on the 19th inst. dict of five thousand dollars damages."

Specie.

||

who, the letter adds, has forwarded the same to our government.

The late sale at auction, of 600 packages of dry goods, in the city of New-York, is said to have been knocked down at considerable less than the original cost-not taking into account freight, insurance, or commission.

A. J. Dallas, Esq. at present Secretary of the Within a few days, there have been imported Treasury, has declined to be considered a candiinto Philadelphia alone, 28,594 dollars from Bor-date for congress in Philadelphia. deaux; 100,000 dollars from Lisbon; 6,000 from Antwerp; 17,000 from London-in all 152,594 || dollars. Into other ports large importations have also taken place. We should, therefore, think that, specie accumulating so rapidly in the coun- || try, there can be no necessity for the banks to act with their present severity upon the community. [Patriot.

SUMMARY-FOREIGN & DOMESTIC.

FOREIGN.

From the 1st inst. all foreign vessels arriving at Havana are subject to a tonage duty of $2 50 per ton. Every vessel arriving there is required to have a consular certificate to all property on board.

A radish was raised the present season in the vicinity of Baltimore, of the following dimensions: length 22 inches, circumference 15 inches, weight 34 pounds.

The United States sloop of war Alert is now taking on board stores and provisions at NewYork, and will sail, it is said, in a few days for the Mediterranean.

Mr. Lowndes, of South-Carolina, has been nominated for a representative in congress.

"By the recent election in Vermont, the republicans of that State have regained their repreIt is stated that all Europe, with regard to bu-sentation in congress. The seven representatives siness, is in distress. In England the misery is so chosen are all republicans: in the present congrinding, that one of the Bourbon family has gress they are all federalists. started a subscription for their relief. How hu The Convention to examine the votes respectmiliting must this be to the pride of Great Bri-ing the separation of Maine will meet at Brunstain! Emigration is found to be the only alter-wick on Monday the 30th inst.

No. 6. VOL. II.]

WASHINGTON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1816.

[WHOLE NO. 32.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY JOEL K. MEAD, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.

MEXICO.

in the world; the ground on which it stands is uniformly level; the streets are regular and The following general sketch of this province broad; and its public places are spacious. The we give to our readers, from a belief, that every architecture is pure; the exterior of the houses is thing connected with this interesting country not loaded with ornaments; there are no wooden must, at this moment, be an object of curiosity. balconies and galleries to be seen; the ballusThe information is principally derived from the trades and gates are all of Biscay iron, ornamentlate splendid work of Humbold, not yet, we be-ed with bronze. The principal objects of curilieve, translated; a work which will immortalize || osity are, 1st. The Cathedral, a Gothic edificethe reputation of its author. 2d. The Treasury, from which, since the begin

The population of the Intendency of Mexico,ning of the 16th century, more than 6,500 millions in 1803, was 1,511,800. The extent of surface in in gold and silver, have been issued. 3d. The square leagues was 5,927-by which it will be Convents. 4th. The Hospital, which maintains seen that there were 255 persons to a square 1400 children and old people. 5th. The Acorduda, league. or prison. 6th. The School of Mines. 7th. BoThis Intendency is situated under the torridtanical Garden. 8th. University and Library. zone, and extends from 16° 34′ to 21° 57' north 9th. Academy of Fine Arts. There are very few latitude. Its greatest length is 136 and greatest remains of the ancient Mexican edifices to be breadth 92 leagues. More than two thirds of it discovered at present, Cortes having, as he says, are mountainous, in which are immense plains, been obliged to destroy every house in the city elevated from 6,651 to 7,545 feet above the level to enable him to subdue the Indians. There are of the ocean. The climate, on the western coast, some antiquities, however, in the bounds of the is burning and unhealthy. The elevation of the city of Mexico and its environs: These are, the highest summit of the Nova de Soluca, the Pico ruins of the Mexican or Aztic dikes and aque del Fraile, is 15,156 feet. Six great roads cross ducts-the stone of the sacrifices-the great cathe Cordillera which encloses the valley, the me- lendar monument-the colossal statue of the goddium height of which is 9,842 feet above the level dess Teoyaomiqui-the Aztic manuscripts or hiof the ocean. The city of Mexico, contrary to eroglyphical pictures, painted on Agave paperthe received opinion that it stands in the midst of stag skins and cotton cloth. The only ancient a lake, is 14,768 feet from lake Tezeuco, and monuments in the Mexican valley, are the remore than 29,527 feet from the lake of Chalco.mains of two pyramids, consecrated to the sun This difference originates from a diminution of and moon. The first is 645 feet in length, and water of the lake Tezeuco.

171 feet high. The second, or pyramid of the The Spaniards hate every thing like a shade moon, is 30 feet lower The construction of round towns and villages; and the beautiful val- these is said to go as far back as the 8th century. ley of Tenochtitlan has, by stripping it of its In the city of Mexico, there is 140,000 souls; of forest, become dry and without vegetation. The which 2,392 are devoted to religion. The reve **want of vegetation exposes the soil to the action nue of the archbishop is 18,4201. sterling. Mexiof the solar rays, and the humidity is quickly co is the most populous city of the new worldevaporated and dissolved in air. The new city of it is richly supplied with roots and fruits of every Mexico was built in 1524, which, requiring great sort;-these roots are cultivated on chinampas, or quantities of timber for building, &c. they de-floating gardens, invented by the Indians, in the stroyed, and continue still to destroy, without | 14th century; they are formed of rafts, made of replanting, the trees that shaded and ornamented that beautiful valley. This has sensibly contributed to diminish the water. The lake of Tezeuco, which Cortes called an inland sea, receives much less water from filtration than in the 16th century. The lake Tezeuco, one of the five lakes in the valley of Mexico, is impregnated with muriate and carbonate of soda.

reeds, rushes, roots and branches of brush wood; these are covered with a black mould, naturally impregnated with muriate of soda. The soil is gradually purified from this salt, by washing it with the water of the lake. The chinampas sometimes contain the cottage of the Indian, who acts as guard, for a group of floating gardens. The valley of Tenochtitlan possess two sources of mi.

The city of Mexico is among the finest cities | neral waters, which contain carbonic acid, sulfate

VOL. II.

F

of soda and lime, and muriate of soda. From the “Mr. Van Marum, superintendent of the Tyleposition of the city of Mexico, surrounded as it rian institution at Haerlem, has discovered that is by lakes, they have been frequently inundated, || a piece of phosphorus, wrapped in a little cotton, notwithstanding the dikes that were constructed and placed under the receiver of an air pump, to prevent that calamity; these having been found inflames spontaneously when the air is exhausted ineffectual, they adopted the European mode of to a certain degree, and continues to burn till it evacuating by canals, which, after various expe- is exhausted. It is singular that this combustion riments, and an immense expense, were at last, should commence and continue in air rarified to in some measure, found to be effectual. The city a degree that would immediately extinguish any is still, however, exposed to great risk, which other burning material. Mr. Van Marum explains Mr. Humbold thinks, will not be removed till a this phenomenon by supposing that the cotton canal is opened from lake Tezeuco. There are that surrounds the phosphorus (for a piece of sixteen towns and villages in the interior of Mex- phosphorus placed in similar circumstances, but ico. Such is the fertility of the Mexican soil, that|| not enveloped with cotton, does not inflame) acwithout any extraordinary labor, the ground now cumulates the caloric in its immediate neighborunder cultivation, would furnish subsistence for a hood, while, at the same time, the exhalations population ten times more numerous. The Mex- which phosphorus is constantly giving out, when ican wheat, is nearly equal to that of the United exposed to the air, can no longer rise, on account States, and twenty-four grains for one is the usual of its rarity; and thus the temperature is elevated produce. In every 100 inhabitants in the city of to the degree at which phosphorus combines with Mexico, there are 49 Spanish Creoles-2 Europe- the oxygen of the atmosphere, and inflammation an Spaniards-24 Aztic and Otomite Indians, and takes place." 25 people of mixed blood. The Europeans constitute only the 70th part of the whole population of South America.-The following is the propor- I have translated the following observations on a tion of the males to females, in Mexico:

For the National Register.

curious fragment of Bardesaneus, from de Lisle's Philosophie de la Nature; which I hope will be acceptable to your readers:

W

Eusebeus has preserved this passage of a philosopher of Syria-" Among the Syrians the law prevents murder, fornication, theft, and every species of religious worship; thus, in this wast country, there is seen neither temples, whores,

adulterers, theives, nor assassins."-One cannot, at first, see what connection exists between priests and prostitutes, debaucheries and religious worship. However, upon a little reflection, we may discover great meaning in this passage of Barde saneus. The Latin term, simulacrorum cultus, which answers to that of religious worship, is only intended to designate those superstitious practices which we call idolatries; hence it fol lows, that the legislation of the Syrians author

EFFICACY OF COTTON APPLIED TO BURNS, &c. Accident, the fruitful source of many valuable discoveries in medicine, first gave rise to the use of cotton as an application to scalds and burns, and, in fact, in many cases of local inflammation, attended with great preternatural heat. It has been used in these cases empirically for a consi-ized theism, and that the people were constantly derable time, to the manifest relief of the stiffer ings of the patient; but no attempt, as far as I can learn, to explain its modus operandi has yet been made.

The following extract from the New-York Medical Repository, vol. i. p. 376–7, throws some light on this subject, as the experiment it contains evinces an attraction possessed by the cotton for || caloric, or the matter of heat; the sudden abstraction of which from the afflicted part is, no doubt, the cause of the great relief experienced on its application:

brought by their sovereigns back to the law of nature. There are but two senses to give to this passage of Bardesaneus, either that the Syrians rendered to the Supreme Being a homage pure and untrammelled by superstition, or they regarded his existence as a chimera. It is necessary to make them either atheists or philosophers. But there are atheists in the moral, as there are monsters in the physical world. It is as impossi ble that a great number of persons should agree to deny the existence of God, as it is that a mother should constantly engender children with

two heads. A nation of atheists contradicts more own country to search for examples of heroic atthe law of nature than a nation of hermaphrodites. tachment in all the relations of life. We do not The Roman senate proposed a decree to permit hesitate to say that few instances have occurred Cæsar to enjoy all the Roman dames-a stadt hold- of greater warmth of maternal love than has reer of Holland once imposed a tax on the air we cently been exhibited by Mrs. Prather. Robbed breathe the Grand Lama ordered the Tartars to of a son, a boy of about 12 years of age, by a worship his excrements: but it has never entered negro slave, who bore him from South-Carolina the mind of any despot to wrest from his people to New-York, and there abandoned him to perish the hope of heaven. A tyrant would more ef- with famine, Mrs. P. from some slight intima ́fectually command suicide to his subjects than tions of a discovery, two years after his departatheism. It is enough to refute a hypothesis too ure, left her home, with a sucking child in her absurd to be dangerous. While a multitude of arms, and on horseback, and alone, proceeded people narrow the idea of God in the pride of from town to town, still led on by fresh hope, till their imagination; prefer prejudices to nature; she found her long lost son at the house of a Mr. and in order to render themselves vile, become Blackman, in New-Jersey, to which she had been persecutors, we pause with pleasure upon the directed by a gentleman in Baltimore. Thus Guarchiens and Syrians, as a traveller, after hav-equipped, she travelled upwards of 1,000 miles ing traversed the burning sands of Zaara or of Beledulgerid, seats himself, with delight, upon the banks of a limpid fountain which flows under palm trees, and believes he has found the garden

of Eden near the tomb of nature.

PARENTAL AFFECTION. Much has been said to depreciate the female character. Poets, historians, and philosophers have laboured, in all ages, to render women contemptible from imbecility, ridiculous from vanity, and often hateful from malignity. They have dwelt upon the characters of Xantippe, Messellina, Julia, Aspatia, &c. till this sex has become almost proverbial for weakness and vice. But this, we fear, is in a great degree the result of ignorance, disappointment, or irritation. Among this sex we are happy to recognise models of every excellence-beings who are not only calculated to excite the warmest affection, but who have also the power to bestow unadulterated happiness. In periods of the greatest distress and danger, when our sunshine friends abandon us to misery and despair, women cling to us with unyielding constancy and unshaken attachment. In all the vicissitudes of life, and in all the changes of fortune, she is still the same kind, tender, and affectionate friend, whose attachment oppression cannot wither, nor misfortune destroy. No one can say that sex is contemptible in genius or learning, that has produced a De Stael, a Dacier, a Sapho, and a Montague-in morals a Lucretia, || a Portia, and an Octavia-and innumerable ex

on horseback, and 500 miles in stages and steam boats, though she had never before been from home-at first sustained by the delicious expectation of regaining her darling son, and afterward supported by the exquisite joy of having found him. It is a memorable instance of the energy of maternal love, and should be preserved in the pages of American history.

The following extract from the Richmond Compiler (the editor of which merits no little praise for the promptitude with which he made known the singular case) will give our readers some further particulars:

FRANSINA PRATHER.

Mrs. Prather, her sucking child, and her long lost son, reached this City on Sunday last-She is on her return home, where her husband and seven other children will hail her arrival, with rapture. If we dwell so long upon her case, it is because it is a new one; it is one where the most heroic which would have cowed the soul of almost any resolution has been exhibited, and dangers dared other woman-and it is a case, where the most extraordinary trains of circumstances concurred to bring her the reward of all her virtues. It is one of those cases, which ought to be snatched from oblivion. It deserves to live for her own honor, for that of her sex, and for that of her country.

As we have already learnt, through the Baltigood as to republish the article which appeared more American, the morning on which it was so in this paper, (stating her case and her advertisement) the copy of the American fell into the hands of a sailor, who had been mate to Capt. Blackman. It fortunately happened that this very vessel had arrived in Baltimore but the night before. Blackman had left her, but the mate remained in her. He had long before heard the story of his misfortunes from the lips of the boy himself, and was at no loss to recognize in the description of the paper, the little lost sailor boy. With that warm heart, which so often beats in the sailor's that possesses such devoted and disinterested at- bosom, he repaired to the office of the American, and informed the Editor of the discovery he had tachment as distinguish Madame Lavallette. But made-referring the mother to a merchant in we have not to wander from the shores of our || town, to whom the vessel had been lately consign

amples in all the nobler and more exalted senti

ments of the heart. A late instance which occurred in France should teach us to revere a sex