region; the forehead is low and receding, the brow ridges are enormously thick and overhanging, almost excelling the largest No. 4, in Broca's scale of glabella; the orbits are remarkably broad and low (index 67.5, the lowest in the College of Surgeons catalogue being 714 in a Tasmanian), chiefly owing, of course, to the downward development of the brow ridges; the nasal bones are unusually short and little prominent, the nasal aperture is low and broad (index 62.2), and its lower margin is produced into two broad rounded channels, leading forward nearly horizontally towards the alveolar surface. The nasal spine is reduced to Broca's No. 1, which is almost nil. The jaw itself is massive, and produced horizontally forward, the gnathic index being 1111, and that showing the shape of the palate 92-9. The teeth are unfortunately all gone, with the exception of the right first premolar, but their alveoli show what their size and strength must have been. No lower jaw can be found among the series to fit the cranium.

For these various reasons, therefore, this skull may be taken as a type of the lowest and most simian human cranium likely to occur at the present day, and one whose like it may become more and more impossible to obtain in the future owing to the steady admixture of all these lower negroid races with people springing from the higher Caucasian and Mongoloid stocks.

Notes to the tables of measurements and indices.

Measurements Nos. 1 to 7, 9 to 11, 16 to 20, 23 to 26, 28 to 30, 33 and 34 are taken according to Broca's "Instructions Craniologiques," 1875.

Nos. 8, 12 to 15, 21, 22, 31, 32, 35 to 37, according to Flower ("Journ. Anthrop. Inst." Vol. IX, p. 132; Vol. X, p. 172; Vol. XIV, p. 183, and Cat. Coll. Surg. Vol. I, p. xvii, 1879). Nos. 1 to 4 and 7. Broca, 1.c.

5 to 8. See above.

6, and 9 to 11. Flower, ll.cc.

The capacity has been taken with shot by Broca's method as revised by Topinard ("Rev. d'Anthrop." 1882, p. 394), using, however, the cylindrical rammer recommended by Dr. Garson, instead of the conical pointed rammer of Broca.

Explanation of Plates XIV and XV.

Skull of Male Torres Straits Islander, No. 1