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UNIVERSAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.

ESTABLISHED 1834.

1, KING WILLIAM STREET, LONDON, E.C. with Branches at Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. THIRTY-FOURTH ANNUAL MEETING, 13th May, 1868. Fifty per Cent. Reduction of Premium upon Bonus Policies in force Six Years. Policies, English or Indian, on which the premium was originally £100, will thus be charged only £50 for the Year, May, 1868-69.

New policies issued in 1867 for £408,283, at an Annual Premium of 20.713. Policies in force, £2,857,294. Accumulated Funds, £823,985. Annual Income, £143,000.

SIX

FREDK. HENDRIKS, ESQ.-Actuary.

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May be secured by an Annual Payment of from £3 to £6 5s.

to the

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WATSON'S OLD PALE SHERRY. Amontillado character, pure, very soft, and unbrandied, recommended with confidence. Per dozen, 34s.; bottles and cases 3s. per dozen extra (if not returned). Three dozen, railway carriage paid, to all England and Wales. Per Octave-14 galls. (cask included) equal to 7 dozen, 11. 48. A saving of 2s. per dozen. Railway carriage paid to all England and Wales. Per Quarter Cask.-28 galls. (cask included), equal to 14 dozen, 217. 14s. A saving of 38. per dozen. Railway carriage paid to all England and Wales.

W.D. WATSON, Wine Importer, 72 and 73, Great Russell Street, corner of Bloomsbury Square, London, W.C. Established 1841. Full Price Lists post free on application. Terms, Net Cash.

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MARSALA WINE, guaranteed the finest priced Sherry (vide Dr. Druitt on Cheap Wines). One guinea per dozen. A genuine really fine old Port 36s. per dozen. Terms cash. Three dozen rail paid.-W. D. WATSON, Wine Merchant, 72 and 73, Great Russell Street, corner of Bloomsbury Square, London, W.C. Established 1841. Full Price Lists post free on application.

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CHAMPAGNE,

308. 36s. 42s. 488. 60s. 728. 84s.

At 368., 42s., 488., and 60s. Hochheimer, Marcobrunner, Rudesheimer, Steinberg, Liebfraumilch, 608.; Johannisberger and Steinberger, 72s., 848., to 120s.; Braunberger, Grunhausen, and Scharzberg, 488. to 848.; sparkling Moselle, 488., 60s.. 668., 788.; very choice Champagne, 668., 788.; fine old Sack, Malmsey, Frontignac, Vermuth, Constantia, Lachrymæ Christi, Imperial Tokay, and other rare wines. Fine old Pale Cognac Brandy, 60s. and 72s. per dozen. Foreign Liqueurs of every description.

On receipt of a Post-office order, or reference, any quantity will be forwarded immediately by

HEDGES & BUTLER,

LONDON: 155, REGENT STREET, W. Brighton: 30, King's Road. (Originally established A.D. 1667.)

ORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confidently JOSEPH GILLOTT'S STEEL

NORTON'S

They act as a powerful tonic and gentle aperient; are mild in their operation; safe under any circumstances; and thousands of persons can now bear testimony to the benefits to be derived from their use. Sold in Bottles at 1s. 1d., 2s. 9d. and 11s. each, in every town in the kingdom.

CAUTION!-Be sure to ask for " NORTON'S PILLS," and do not be persuaded to purchase the various imitations.

HOLLOWAY'S PILLS. THE GRAND REQUI

SITES.-Nobody will deny the assertion that, for man's comfort and happiness, pure blood and a sound stomach rank among his first requirements. Both may be safely and inexpensively secured by these admirable Pills, which act gently on the weakest frames, and cause no violent shock to the most sensitive system. Holloway's Pills have proved themselves competent to deal constitutionally with those infirmities which descend from parent to offspring, which often mar the brightest prospects and throw a constant gloom over youth. These Pills purify both the solids and fluids of the body, and by that salutary process rouse every organ to perform naturally its proper functionevery nerve its proper duty.

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MOKY CHIMNEYS CURED.-Terms, no cure, no pay. Numerous respectable references, among which are All Saints' Clergy-houses, Margaret Street, W.; the Rev. W. Richards, 33, Albany Street, Regent's Park; Moniack Castle, near Inverness; St. Margaret's Convent, Edinburgh; White Hall, Cumberland; Ridley Hall, Northumberland; The College, Isle of Cumbrae, by Greenock, &c.-Address JOHN EDWARDS & CO., 1, Vansittart Street, Deptford, London, S.E.

LARGER AND MORE COMPLETE THAN EVER.

HAYDN'S DICTIONARY OF DATES.
THIRTEENTH EDITION.

In One Volume; thick demy 8vo; 855 pages; price 18s. cloth; 218. half-bound calf; 248. whole bound, library calf; and 32s. whole bound morocco.

HAYDN'S DICTIONARY OF DATES.

Relating to All Ages and Nations, and for Universal Reference: Comprehending Remarkable Occurrences, Ancient and Modern-the Foundation. Laws, and Governments of Countries-their Progress in Civilisation, Industry, Literature, Arts, and Science-their Achievements in Arms-their Civil, Military, and Religious Institutions, and particularly of the British Empire.

BY JOSEPH HAYDN.

The Thirteenth Edition, Revised and Greatly Enlarged,

By BENJAMIN VINCENT,

Assistant Secretary of the Royal Institution of Great Britain.

"Studded with facts as thick as the currants in a Christmas pudding."-Times.

"Beware of the man of one book,' says the proverb. Certainly we shall beware of the man whose one book is Haydn's Dictionary of "-National Society's Report.

Dates.'

IDYLLS OF THE KING. TENNYSON-DORÉ.

(Completion of this Great Work.)

"ENID," "VIVIEN,” “ELAINE," AND "GUINEVERE.”

THIRTY-SEVEN ILLUSTRATIONS.

This magnificent work will be shortly completed, and can then be had of every Bookseller in the United Kingdom.

Price, in most elegant cloth, 31. 138. 6d.

"This will probably be the most superb volume ever published."-Athenæum, Sept. 22, 1866.

ENID. TENNYSON-DORÉ.

Nearly ready, in elegant cloth, uniform with "Elaine," "Vivien," and " Guinevere," containing Nine beautiful Engravings on Steel. Price One Guinea.

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MOXON'S STANDARD PENNY READINGS, PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. By MARTIN F.

Volume III. Price 28., elegant cloth.

TUPPER, D.C.L., F.R.S. Library Edition. Post 8vo, cloth, 8s. London: EDWARD MOXON AND CO., Dover Street, W.

Printed by GEORGE ANDREW SPOTTISWOODE, at 5 New-street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the County of Middlesex; and Published by WILLIAM GREIG SMITH, of 43 Wellington Street, Strand, in the said County.-Saturday, October 10,1868.

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No. CCLXII.

THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CCL., THE EDINBURGH REVIEW,

THIS CONTENTS:

1. THE GREAT RAILWAY MONOPOLY.

II. LADY MINTO'S MEMOIR OF THE RT. HON. HUGH ELLIOT.

III. SHIRLEY'S DEER AND DEER PARKS.

IV. HOOK'S ARCHBISHOPS OF THE REFORMATION.
V. LAKE DWELLINGS.

VI. THE HOMERIC QUESTION.

VII. MR. MATTHEW ARNOLD ON FRENCH SCHOOLS.
VIII. YORKSHIRE.

IX. PUBLIC QUESTIONS AT ISSUE.

The GENERAL INDEX to the last Twenty Vols. of the QUARTERLY REVIEW is NOW READY. JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.

"A NEW LIBRARY COMPANY' Has been formed, for purchasing the stock and goodwill of the Library Company in Pall Mall and Welbeck Street. We hear that a large sum of money has been subscribed by shareholders in the old company. The business will be conducted on the same principles as a private firm."-ATRENÆUM, Aug. 16, 1868.

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OCTOBER, was published on FRIDAY LAST (Yesterday).
CONTENTS:-

I. SYBEL'S HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.
II. SENIOR ON IRELAND.

III. HINDOO FAIRY LEGENDS.

IV. KINGLAKE'S INVASION OF THE CRIMEA.

V. DARWIN ON VARIATION.

VI. THE PAPACY AND THE FRENCH EMPIRE. VII. THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OF ENGLAND. VIII. THE SPANISH GYPSY.

IX. THE EXPIRING PARLIAMENT.

London: LONGMANS and CO. Edinburgh: A. and C. BLACK.

New Edition, enlarged, in 8vo, with Portrait, price 218. CURIOSITIES of LONDON; exhibiting the

most Rare and Remarkable Objects of Interest in the Metropolis: with nearly Sixty Years' Personal Recollections. By JOHN TIMBS, F.S.A.

Mr. TIMBS has collected to- CUTTLE. he has made a note of it. gether notices of nearly all that is The result of these notes and obor has been rare and remarkable servations he has very naturally in Modern Babylon, interweaving embodied in a book, which apwith them his own personal remin- peared some 12 or 13 years ago in iscences of half a century. During a small volume; but having come that time Mr. TIMBS has lived a to a second edition, it has now busy life, most of which he has reached the gigantic size of a spent within the sound of Bow royal 8vo, such as might fairly bells: he has seen much, and claim the title of a Cyclopædia of when he has seen it, like Captain London." The Times, Oct. 3. London: LONGMANS, GREEN, and CO. Paternoster Row.

THE LAST DAYS OF THE EMPEROR MAXIMILIAN.

MY

DIARY in MEXICO in 1867, including the

of the Emperor: to which is added" LEAVES from the DIARY of my WIFE, the PRINCESS SALM-SALM." By PRINCE F. DE SALM SALM. Aide-de-Camp to the Emperor, and Fellow-Prisoner with him at Queretaro. In 2 Vols. large post 8vo, with Portraits of the Emperor, Miramon, and Mejia, the Prince and Princess SalmSalm, Map of Queretaro, and Sketch of the Prison and Place of Execution of the Emperor.

RICHARD BENTLEY, New Burlington Street.

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THE LIFE of SIR WALTER RALEGH. Based on Contemporary Documents; together with his Letters, now first collected. By EDWARD EDWARDS. 2 vols. 8vo, 328. [This day. with Portrait.

THE LIFE and TIMES of ST. BERNARD,

Abbot of Clairvaux, A.D. 1091-1153. By JAMES COTTER MORI-
SON, M.A. New and revised Edition, crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.
[This day.

RECOLLECTIONS of OXFORD. By G. V.

COX, M.A., late Esquire Bedel and Coroner in the University of [This day. Oxford. Crown 8vo, 10s. 6d.

THE LIFE and ADMINISTRATION of the

SECOND EARL of LIVERPOOL. Compiled from Original Docu-
ments by PROFESSOR YONGE. 3 vols. 8vo. With Portrait.
[In a few days.

THE

MACMILLAN & CO., London.

PERFECT SUBSTITUTE for SILVER. The real NICKEL SILVER, introduced more than 30 years ago by WILLIAM S. BURTON, when Plated by the patent process of Messrs. Elkington and Co., is beyond all comparison the very best article next to sterling silver that can be employed as such, either usefully or ornamentally, as by no possible test can it be distinguished from real silver.

A small useful set, guaranteed of first quality for finish and durability, as follows:

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ANTIQUITIES,

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MISCELLANEOUS PROPERTY

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1 Pair of Fish Carvers

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Small Consignments of Pictures, Curiosities, Coins, Musical and Philosophical Instruments, Books, &c., are received and reserved for insertion in appropriate Sales, affording to the owner of a Few Lots the same advantages as are offered to the possessor of a Large Collection.

MESSRS.

PUTTICK & SIMPSON,

No. 47, LEICESTER SQUARE,

(Formerly the Mansion of Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A., and more recently occupied by the Western Literary Institution.)

Established [in Piccadilly] 1794.

LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1868.

CONTENTS.-No 42.

NOTES:- Observations upon Early Engraving and Printing, Part II.: the Block Books, 361- Andreas Alciatus, 364-More Family, 365 - Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales Folk-Lore and the Belief in Fairies, 366-The Rev. W. Hazlitt, A.M.: an Original Letter to a Friend - Manx Lines on Manx Fairy Steamer Ring Posy - New Poem attributed to Milton Berengaria of Sicily Meles A Collect and Lord's Prayer before Sermon, 367. QUERIES:- French Alphabet, &c., 369 — - Antiquities of Hythe, 370 "Advice to a Young Oxonian" - Aristophanes' Saying- Bondman Buchanan's "Scotch History"Dearlove: Lovejoy-The Dunlops of Garnkirk, near Glasgow Badge of an Esquire Godwin Family -Old English Hedges - The Games of "Hop-Scotch" and "Tip-Cat" Hurst Castle Portuguese BiographiesPrimrose: Ash-tree Quotations -"The Shrubs of Parnassus"-Spade Guineas - The Tarot - The "T Man,"

370.

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QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:

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Daniel De Foe - Joseph Fletcher-Ancient Use of the Cross Rogero's Song in the "Anti-Jacobin"- Gule of August-Sir William Chambers John Cremer - Anonymous, 373. REPLIES:-Thomson's "Seasons," 374 Rothschild at

the Battle of Waterloo, 375-St. Christopher" called "of

1423," Ib. - Kattern's Day, 377-St. Woollos, Newport, 378 Richard de Bury's "Prilobiblon" - Beech Trees, struck by Lightning Cullen Pots- Queen Katherine Parr A Year and a Day - Epitaph in St. Paul's Churchyard, Cornwall Lacemakers' Songs: "Long Lankin," "Death and the Lady," &c.-"I love thee, Betty," &c.Election Colours, &c., 379. Notes on Books, &c.

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Notes.

OBSERVATIONS UPON EARLY ENGRAVING AND PRINTING.

PART II.

THE BLOCK BOOKS.

Following out that which appears to me to be the proper sequence to my previous remarks-and believing that, so far as I have proceeded, I have effectually swept away some of those cobwebs which have hitherto disfigured, as well as hidden from our view, the truth connected with the "Invention of Printing"-I now propose to complete that portion of my task by removing, I trust for ever, those remaining barriers to our progress which have been created and maintained by the persons who have assumed to be our luminaries on the subject of "Early Printing and Engraving."

As I have already had occasion to observe, all existing "systems" are founded on the supposition that printing with moveable types was preceded by the "Block Books," those mysterious pièces de resistance, which to this moment have defied all attacks upon them, and preserved their impenetrable maze, never yet unravelled, notwithstanding the numerous attempts made to thread it. In approaching this trite subject, let not the reader imagine he is on the eve of entering upon another of those tiresome and useless dissertations which already fill so many ponderous volumes. Whether experienced in black-letter lore or not, no such alarm need be created, simply because no

intention exists on my part to wade into the mire of those xylographic contentions, wherein so much patience and good sense have already been choked and overwhelmed to no purpose. Notwithstanding the numerous works of the bibliographers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the information they have bequeathed and afforded us relative to the "Block Books" is so meagre and unsatisfactory as to disentitle it to be considered as a reliable source of knowledge suited to the wishes and requirements of the present age. Their disputes and cavillings may be fairly described as legion. The advocates for the German claims versus the Dutch, and vice versa, have descended into wonderful and tedious minutiæ, and present to the eyes of the uninitiated a perfect mass of learning through which, however, the utmost good temper and perseverance have never yet been able to make their way; and, after all, cui bono? Have they not one and all left the subject exactly as they found it, viz. "in utter darkness"? Have they, after all their erudite trouble, been able to shed so much as the slightest glimmer of truth upon the subject of their researches, or adduced one ray of authority to command respect or attention? Not only have they utterly and absolutely failed to do so, but the very objects of their labours have not benefited by their exertions to any appreciable extent. They fixed upon the "Block Books," and notably on the Biblia Pauperum, the Canticum Canticorum, and the Speculum Humane Salvationis, as their battlefield. They examined the whole, page by page, line by line, word by word-aye, even letter by letter, and mark by mark; and yet, despite all, they have not, nor has one amongst them, hitherto been able to indicate with even reasonable probability either the artist who drew the illustrations, the engraver who executed them, the name of the printer, the time or place of their publication, much less the circumstances which induced their production. Their queries have been almost innumerable, and their theories ditto. Still the bare fact remains as I have stated, viz. profound ignorance of the whole!-the only positive result being the creation of a feeling of intense wonderment that so much time and talent should have been wasted to so little purpose, and of a disappointment, that the patience of the ordinary inquirer should have been so thoroughly baffled by their wild, and at times, ludicrous assertions; and that, after having been dazzled, or it may be stupefied, by the depth of all the quasi-learned researches the reader has been compelled to struggle through, he finds himself under a sensation which may be compared to that produced by a brilliant pyrotechnic display, immediately succeeded by a darkness the intensity of which, from the contrast, appears the greater.

After this candid expression of my opinion, it

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