writings; and the imperfect catalogue given by Lowndes.

MR. PISHEY THOMPSON, after quoting a passage from Wood's Account of Howell (Athena Oxonienses), says he does not know the authority for the following statements:

"At the Restoration Howell was appointed Historiographer, which post he enjoyed until 1666, when he died, and was buried in the Temple Church, where a monument is erected to his memory."

The authority for the first assertion is Wood, whose words are these:

"After the king's return in 1660, we never heard of his [Howell's] restoration to his place of Clerk of the Council (having before flatter'd Oliver and sided with the Commonwealth's men), only that he was made the king's historiographer, being the first in England that bore that title."

The authority for the second statement is the same indefatigable historian, who says, "he [Howell] was buried on the north side of the Temple Church in London, near the round walk." Mr. Cunningham adds that his monument is still to be seen in the triforium of the church.

MR. THOMPSON says, speaking of the Epistola Ho"The first edition is said to have -Eliana, been printed in 1650." This date is not correct; the first edition appeared in 1645, quarto; again in 1647. The edition of 1650 was the third. Howell's Familiar Letters are said to be "partly historical, partly political, partly philosophical." They afford a lively and graphic picture of the times in which the author flourished, and contain many curious and interesting anecdotes not to be met with elsewhere. Notwithstanding certain quaintnesses of wit and expression, they are well worthy of republication in the present day, especially if enriched with a few well-digested annotations. If any readers of "N. & Q." will undertake to bring about so desirable an object, I will willingly contribute my mite of information. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

--

prevented their feeling the lack of labouring hands.-Two children, aged 11 and 9 years, belonging to an inhabithands of the Indians.-At Watertown, an old man having ant of Chelmsford missing, supposed to be fallen into the recently buried his wife and fallen into a melancholy, hanged himself.-Prevalence of fevers and agues, in some parts a malignant fever runs through a whole family, often proving_mortal. - The small-pox, which has been raging in Boston, now much abated, more cases, altho' not so mortal, than when it visited them 12 years ago. The number of deaths in the visitation from the complaint in Boston about 320, June, July, and August, being the most obnoxious months. Prayers oftentimes in the congregations for above 100 sick. It even infected children in utero. There was a great fire a few weeks since in Boston with 20 houses near the Millcreek burned. Another fire broke out about midnight between the 16th and 17th instant, near the South Meeting-house, which consumed about 5 or 6 houses. The Meeting-house, a handsome edifice, most wonderfully preserved. In the house where the fire originated a young man lost his life. The best furnished printing press in America destroyed also, a loss not easily repaired. - Arrival at Piscataque of one Papoon, in a shallop from Penobscot, whence he had run away. He belonged to a small vessel bound from Bristol to Virginia that put in at Penobscot thro' distress, when the Indians and French seized her and butchered the master and several of the men. - - Account. An army of of the Western expedition against Canada. near 2500 men and a navy of 32 sail started under the command of Sir Wm. Phipps. Meanwhile the English colonists in the West raised forces to the number of 5 or 600, with General Winthrop at their head. The Maquas join him. Other Indian nations expected, but they disappoint him. The Maquas invade the French territory with some success, but use great barbarity. Misunderstanding between the General and the Lieut.-Governor of New York on the return of the former to Albany. Two English captives escaped from the Indians and French at Pescadamoquady came into Portsmouth on the 16th inst. and relate an account of the barbarities exercised at Port Real by Capt. Mason upon the Indians, who in revenge butchered 40 of our people who were captives. Letter of News arrived via Barbadoes to Capt. H. K. of the 19th August. — Account from Plimouth of Sept. 22. Pegypscot fort surrounded on the night of the 12th inst., but not finding any Indians they marched to Amonoscoggin. There on the Lord's day they killed 15 or 16 of the enemy and recovered five English captives. — At Macquoit, young Bracket makes his escape. They land at Saco and meet with similar success, taking 9 canoes and an English captive named Thomas Baker, &c. Engagement with the Indians in Cascoe Bay, the various losses enumerated," &c. &c.

This account is false; the disingenuous writer found the German equivalent ("in-eins-bildung"), and the neological idea, in the works of Schelling (together with the aesthetics and transcendental philosophy of the Biographia Literaria), and simply recast it into its original Greek, with the assertion at once true and false, "the word is not in Johnson, nor have I met with it elsewhere."

With ideas increasing in number and complicity, and the ever varying relations and combinations of objects and circumstances, arises the hourly necessity for the modification of old and the invention and composition of new words to express them. It is not amiss to trace the parentage of these, and ascertain to whom we are indebted for the machinery which at once defines and renders intelligible our own idea, and enables us to communicate it to others. I cite a passage from a paper on "The English Language' Blackwood's Magazine, which may serve as a nucleus for similar information:

in

"A few insulated words have been continually nourished by authors; that is, transferred to other uses, or formed by thoughtful composition and decomposition, or by skilful alterations of form and inflexion. Thus Mr. Coleridge introduced the fine word ancestral, in lieu of the lumbering word ancestorial, about the year 1798. Milton introduced the indispensable word sensuous. Daniel, the truly philosophic poet and historian, introduced the splendid class of words with the affix of inter, to denote reciprocation, e. g. interpenetrate, to express mutual or interchangeable penetration; a form of composition which is deeply beneficial to the language, and has been extensively adopted by Coleridge. We ourselves may boast to have introduced the word orchestric, which we regard with parental pride, as a word expressive of that artificial and pompous music which attends, for instance, the elaborate hexameter verse of Rome and Greece, in comparison with the simpler rhyme of the more exclusively accentual metres in modern, languages; or expressive of any organized music, in opposition to the natural warbling of the words."- Vol. xlv. p. 461., note.

Birmingham.

WILLIAM BATES.

Derived from εἰς ἓν πλάττειν (or πλάσσειν), that is, formation into one; in German, In-Eins-Bildung. Coleridge claims it as his own coinage; "I constructed it myself," &c.,-Biographia Literaria, vol. i., 1847, p. 173.

Some contend that Coleridge appropriated it from Schelling. So Thomas de Quincey, and his reviewer in Blackwood, to which review I cannot give the reference.

The brothers Hare, in Guesses at Truth, 3rd edit. 1st Series, p. 304., object to the word, as composed on a wrong analogy. It is there contended that if there had been such a word, it would have come from εἰς ἐν πλάττειν (not ἕν). Thus the Greeks had the word εἰσεμπορεύομαι (to travel as a merchant), and μTáTTE, whence ἐμπλαστός (daubed over).

C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.

"GOD SAVE THE KING."

(2nd S. ii. 60. 96.; iii. 137.)

On July 19, 1856, A. A. D. inquires, "Who made God save the King?" and he is told in reply that MR. WILLIAM CHAPPELL " ascribes the music without hesitation to Henry Carey, and no subsequent researches have induced MR. WILLIAM CHAPPELL to change his views of its authorship." On August 2, I declare, "no doubt can exist that Dr. John Bull was the composer of this tune, for it stands in the volume of MS. music by Bull, formerly the property of Dr. Pepusch, now of Mr. WILLIAM CHAPPELL writes thus: Richard Clark." On February 14, 1857, MR.

"I wish to protest against DR. GAUNTLETT's assertion that no doubt can exist that Dr. John Bull was the composer of God save the King. I shall have occasion to print my reasons for discrediting it, but the argument would be too long for N. & Q.'”

Circumstances have prevented me seeing the widow of the late Mr. Richard Clark until yesterday, and I now forward the result of my interview with her.

About the month of May, 1856, MR. WILLIAM CHAPPELL called on Mr. Clark, and for the first time he sees the MS. of Dr. John Bull, and examines the tune and hears it played. He then in the presence of Mrs. Clark says: "Well, Mr. Clark, there is not a shadow of a doubt that it is here this is the tune." The permission to take a copy of the melody was refused. The 27th of May, 1856, he writes to Mr. Clark:

"I shall be happy to print Dr. Bull's God save the King' for you. If so, it would be desirable to entrust the MS. to me, that to those wishing to subscribe I may show the air is really there. Or I will give you 50l. for the book."

On June 28, 1856, he writes:

"I recommend the publication not to be expensive, otherwise people will be satisfied with knowing the fact of the authorship to have been established, and will not buy." On September 4, 1856, he writes:

"You have suffered DR. GAUNTLETT to get the start of you, and to publish the fact of its existence in your MS. to the world in N. & Q.'"

On September 12, 1856:

"I do not mean that I have not wished to buy God save the King' from Dr. Bull's MS. I offered you 501.," &c.

It now remains for MR. WILLIAM CHAPPELL to reconcile his letters to Mr. Richard Clark and his protest in disbelief of my assertion.

Powys Place, May 16, 1857.

H. J. GAUNTLETT.

BRAOSE AND BELET FAMILIES.

(2nd S. iii. 331.)

I have endeavoured, as well as your correspondent, to trace the lineage of the family of Braose,

and I would intimate to him that, had he given their arms some assistance might have been afforded in the search. The name is almost as variously spelt as that of Wickliffe, Braose, Brewose, Bures, with a diphthong, Bræhus, Brouse, Brutes, Brus (not Bruce), Bruyes, Brewis, &c. They possessed much property in Gloucestershire, particularly at Tetbury and the neighbourhood, and had the manor of Tetbury before the Berkeley family. When the old church at that place was pulled down, between seventy and eighty years ago, there was a very dilapidated altar monument belonging to the family standing in the church, probably six centuries old, and which was perhaps in too ruinous a state to be preserved, but of which an engraving may be found in the library of the British Museum (191. f. 3. at p. 101.). Probably your correspondent's object may be promoted by referring to the Baronage of England, by William Dugdale, vol. i. p. 414-421., Lond. 1675, folio; the History of the Dormant Peerages, by Thomas C. Banks, 1826, Supplement, Appendix to vol. i. p. 15., where there is a "Table of the Descent of Braose."

I would now introduce a similar inquiry I am desirous to make, concerning the family of Belet, Bellot, or Bellet (query, French Belette, a weasel ?), which came into England with William the Conqueror, and whose name is inscribed in the Roll of Battel Abbey in 1067. They soon rose to the highest honours in the state, and were for several reigns distinguished for great probity as well as very extensive possessions. In the reign of Henry I. they had the original grant of the Manor of Syenes, or Shene, now Richmond, in Surrey they were also noted in 1140, in the time of Stephen. In 1154, temp. Henry II., Robert Belet was Sheriff of Surrey, and also in the succeeding year; and in 1165 paid a fine of 1007. in that county. Michael Belet was cup-bearer to Henry II.; and this Michael was a judge about 1186. In temp. Richard I. (1190), Robert Belet paid 80l. to have restitution of Combe Park, Kingston, which was of his inheritance, whereof he had been dispossessed by that king. In the reign of John there is much mention of them; also in that of Henry III., when in 1236 Master Belet was "pincerna" at Henry's marriage. Their arms are, Arg. on a chief gules, two (and sometimes three), cinquefoils or (or arg.). Blomefield, in his

Sir George Nayler, the late Garter King of Arms, in Collection of Coats of Armour of Gloucestershire, Lond. 1792, has those of Braose or Breose of Tetbury, plate 8.: but I have not the work to refer to. The seal of Wm. de Braose, as affixed in the year 1301 to the letter from the Barons of England to Boniface VIII., will be found in Archæologia, vol. xxi. p. 207.

Matthæi Paris, Angli Historia Major, edited by Dr. Wm. Wats, Lond. 1640, folio, vol. ii. p. 421.

1732.

Survey of Dorsetshire, by Rev. John Coker, Lond.

History of Norfolk, in 11 vols. 8vo., Lond. 1805, has passim notices of the Belets, with a pedigree in vol. viii. pp. 433-4.; a pedigree is also given by Manning (History of Surrey, vol. i. p. 407.), but he acknowledges it is imperfect. In Hutchins's History of Dorset, vol. ii. p. 126., Frome-Belet, a parish and a manor in the time of Henry II., belonged to Robert Belet. Bridges and Whalley's Hist. of Northamptonshire, vol. ii. p.66., says, under Thorp Underwood, formerly Thorp Belet, Hervey Belet possessed lands there in the 5th of King Stephen; and it is stated that in course of succession those came to Michael, usually called Master Michael. Not to multiply these extracts, I would refer to Dugdale's Baronage of England, tom. i. p. 614., Lond. 1675; Dormant and Extinct Baronage, by T. C. Banks, vol. i. pp. 31, 32., 1807, 4to. ; Madox (Thos.), History of the Exchequer, 4to., 1769, passim; Rotuli Litterarum Clausurum, by T. D. Hardy, 1833; Testa de Nevill; Calendarium Rotulorum Patentium; Liber Niger Scaccarii, edidit Thom. Hearnius, Lond. 1771, &c.

Φ.

Replies to Minor Queries.

Autographs (2nd S. iii. 269. 351.)- Let me remind MR. J. CYPRIAN RUST that Sir John Fenn's Paston Letters was not, by nearly fifty years, the first publication wherein fac-similes of autographs appeared. Dr. Forbes's Full View of the Public Transactions in the Reign of Q. Elizabeth, 2 vols., folio, 1740-41, exhibits several excellent facsimiles of autographs, at the end of most of the documents and letters printed in that very useful collection; in his Preface to which the Doctor himself thus speaks of these fac-similes : "the names to all the original Pieces are so curiously imitated, as not to be distinguished from HENRY CAMPKIN. the original handwriting."

Reform Club.

Scott dictating (2nd S. iii. 366.)- For the sake of the memories (in both senses of the word) of Lockhart and Sir Walter, I beg leave to observe that Laidlaw's "shake of his head" does not at all impugn, but, in my mind, confirms Lockhart's statement. Laidlaw's own expressions convey the substance of the anecdote, but he was probably

not much delighted to read in print that Scott had mimicked his homely broad Scotch idiom and manner, and preferred to exhibit to his friends a Saxon version. Nothing more natural; and every one conversant with our fellow countrymen of either Ireland or Scotland knows how very difficult it is to persuade them that they have been guilty of any provincialism. Lord Byron relates that Curran used to mimic Grattan's "thanking God," with an accompaniment of the most grotesque action, "that he had no peculiarity of gesture or appearance." C.

True Blue (2nd S. iii. 329. 379.) — "True Blue" has always been the Tory colour in Suffolk. Fifty years ago, when party spirit ran high, the predominant opinion of constancy implied by it was embodied in a fugitive verse which deserves to be rescued from oblivion:

"True Blue will never stain;

Yellow will with a drop of rain!
TG for ever."

The attachment to this colour thus pervaded all ranks. A very old woman at Ipswich used to boast, "Whenever I die, I shall die 'Church and King,' 'Church and King,' wonderful!" Accordingly, when that event happened, it was found that she had directed her coffin to be lined with "true blue," which was actually done, and she was buried in her favourite colour. Durham.

T. C.

Riphean Hills (2nd S. iii. 369.)—The Riphæan Mountains are frequently mentioned by the ancient Greek and Roman writers; but their geographical knowledge of the north of Europe and Asia was so imperfect and confused, that it is very difficult to identify the mountain range which they may have thus designated. That they are the same with what are now known as the Ural Mountains is rendered probable by many circumstances. Sir Walter Raleigh regarded them as a mere geographical fiction. Vossius (ad P. Melam, p. 106.) considered them as fabulous. The difficulty is principally in these mountains being usually assigned to Sarmatia, which, if we regard it only as including Poland and European Russia, is altogether a plain country; and, therefore, the conclusion was not unnaturally deduced that, as the Riphæans did not exist within the bounds of Sarmatia, they did not exist at all. Their being placed in Scythia by V. Sequester and Justin obviates the difficulty in some degree. But consult on this subject the English translation of D'Anville's Ancient Geography (London, 1791,

of an

2 vols. 8vo.), vol. i. p. 267. The passages cient writers will be found in the various comments on Vibius Sequester, P. Mela, &c. Compare particularly a passage of Servius on Virg. Georgics, lib. i. 240.; and another of Eustathius on Dionys. Perieges., 211. Before blaming the ancient geographers on this matter, we should remember the uncertainty which in our own times has prevailed as to the position of many African localities, mountains, and river courses. In both the ancient and the modern instances, we perceive similar results proceeding from imperfect or erroneous information and inconsequential reasoning. ARTERUS. Dublin.

Tripe Turner (2nd S. iii. 349.) — I trust T. T. will forgive me if, without replying to his Query, I make a note that tripe appears not always to have been associated with penury.

In the Cours Gastronomique occurs the following:

"HOмÈRE rapporte, que dans un régal magnifique preparé pour ACHILLE, on servit des tripes de bœuf, et que cela c'était toujours observé aux repas des Héros." May I ask where "HOMÈRE " does "rapporte" R. W. HACKWOOD. this?

Casa Bianca (2nd S. iii. 248.)- Your correspondent T. F. B., who inquires about the original narrative of the story of Mrs. Hemans' poem, will find (if not the original account, of which I am not sure) full particulars of the heroic conduct of this boy in the Percy Anecdotes, volume "Heroism." The only account which can be termed original (if he has any reason for being particular on this point) would, I presume, be found in the original of the Nile by the surviving French commanding French Dispatches sent to Paris after the Battle officer.

-

H. W. C.

Ancient Representations of the Holy Trinity (2nd S. iii. 378.) In looking through the only account published of the splendid MS. History of the Testament, of the thirteenth century, one vol. of which is in the Bodleian, the other (Harleian, 1526.) in the British Museum, I find that the author states that the three-profiled representation of the Holy Trinity (as described by MR. MAUDE),

and which so often occurs in the early printed Hora B. Virg., was a modern innovation, and so far from being used in this book as a holy symbol, that it is made to represent Antichrist. This is a mistake, and I fancy never before contradicted. The fact is that as Antichrist has always been expected to be a person who is to have a form of godliness, who is to be a counterfeit of the truth, so this ancient painter represented him with three heads in one; but this was only done as an imitation, for in page 125. in the Apocalypse, we find the Holy Trinity thus represented with a threefold single crown surrounding the united heads. This is the earliest example I know. I should be obliged to any one who would point

out an earlier one.

There are two other pictures of this subject worth noting: both are in the Royal Library, 2 B. 15., fifteenth century.

1. The three persons are joined in one, but with three distinct heads, our Lord being painted as man, the first and third persons being in gold.

In some instances we find scarlet.

2. The three persons coloured as in the preceding are without any dresses, but are covered with rays or plumes, at the end of which is a cherub; all the three heads, though distinct, are surrounded by one crown. J. C. J.

Ludolph de Suchen (2nd S. iii. 330.) — In reply to DUNELMENSIS I beg to say that I also have a copy of Ludolph de Suchen's work, commencing on the first leaf with the "registrum;" whether it ever had a title I know not. It has rubricated initials throughout, and is beautifully printed. In one of Lilly's interesting Catalogues a copy is described which exactly answers to mine, and which is said by him to be printed at Antwerp by Gerard de Leeu, circa 1484. I should be obliged, as well as DUNELMENSIS, for farther information. LETHREDIENSIS. Singular Imprints (2nd S. iii. 1.) — As an addition to the curious list furnished by DR. RIMBAULT may be quoted the third part of Clement Walker's History of Independency, the title of

which runs thus:

"The High Court of Justice, or Cromwell's New Slaughter House in England, with the Authority that Constituted and ordained it, arraigned, convicted and condemned for Usurpation, Treason, Tyranny, Theft and

Murther. Being the third part of the History of Independency written by the same author.

"Printed Anno Domini 1651. In the Second year of the States' Liberty, and the Peoples' Slavery."

LETHREDIENSIS. Fuchseder (2nd S. iii. 370.) — Nagler, in his Kunstler Lexicon, gives ·

"Fuchseder, draftsman and painter at Vienna, in the second half of the last century- he bore the title of Imperial Royal Cabinet painter.

Royal Cabinet of Natural History are engraved after his drawings."

This will no doubt be of assistance to JULIAN, who spells the name with a g instead of d. S. T. WINSTANLEY.

Liverpool.

I believe, no original portrait of Ascham extant. Portrait of Ascham (2nd S. iif. 307.)- There is, There is the whole-length print of Burghers representing Ascham reading a manuscript to Queen Elizabeth, who lends apparently a somewhat reluctant attention; but even this is marked doubtful in Bromley's Catalogue, and as Burghers' first specimen of engraving bears date 1676, the portrait of Ascham can have no contemporary authority. What did Burghers copy it from? A modernised impression of this engraving, published by Smith, can be obtained without much difficulty, but the LETHREDIENSIS. original is scarce.

"Tally ho!" (2nd S. iii. 368.)-The etymology of this word can hardly be said to be found in the verses quoted by your accomplished correspondent CUTHBERT BEDE. I have always understood them as being the French hunting cry "Au Taillis!" which, being rapidly repeated, lapses into the sound of Tally ho! and has the same meaning,-directing attention to the cover from which the animal in sight is breaking, or to which he is making. J. DORAN.

Italian Opera (2nd S. iii. 230.) — The translated opera of Arsinoe was first performed at Drury Lane, January 16, 1705, entirely in English, the celebrated Mrs. Tofts being the principal singer. The second date, quoted from Baker's Biographia Dramatica (1707), refers, I apprehend, to a revival of the piece, when it was supported by several Italians who sang their parts in the original language, while the English singers, as before, made use of a translation.

It is the interval between 1707 and 1710, when Almahide, the first opera entirely in Italian was performed, that is alluded to as "about three years" in the extract given from the Spectator. The whole of that paper, No. 18. is very humorous, but it may fairly be supposed that Addison was not a little influenced in his opposition to the Italian opera by the ill success his Fair Rosamond CHARLES WYLIE.