States, (to be punished according to law,) each and every individual of the said tribe, who shall, at any time hereafter, violate the stipulations of the treaty this day concluded between the said Noisy Pawnee tribe and the said States. In witness whereof the said William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the chiefs and warriors aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names, and affixed their seals, this nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, and of the Independence of the United States the forty-second. Taretuushta, the First in War, Skalavalacharo, the only Grand Chief, Panukuhike, the Chief Man, Islitataveeirou, the Discoverer, WM. CLARK, AUG. CHOUTEAU. Taarakarukaishta, the Handsome Bird, Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. R. Paul, Col. M. M. C. Interpreter. R. Graham, I. Agent Illinois Territory. Jno. O. Fallon, Capt. R. Regt. Jno. Ruland, S. Agent, Trans. &c. A. L. Papin, Interpreter Inds. I. T. Honore, Id. Interpreter. S. Julian, U. S. Ind. Interpreter. Josiah Ramsey. Wm. Grayson. Jno. Robedout. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. Proclamation, Jan. 17, 1819. A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, June 20, 1818. Made and concluded by, and between, William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part, and the undersigned, chiefs and warriors of the Pawnee Republic, on the part and behalf of their tribe, of the other part. Injuries, &c. forgiven. Perpetual peace and friendship. Protection of U. S. acknow ledged. Violators of &c. THE parties, being desirous of establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, have agreed to the following articles: ART. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, by one or either of the contracting parties, against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. ART. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the said Pawnee tribe. ART. 3. The undersigned, chiefs and warriors, for themselves and their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. ART. 4. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and the this treaty to be tribe they represent, do moreover promise and oblidge themselves to delivered up, deliver up, or to cause to be delivered up, to the authority of the United States, (to be punished according to law,) each and every individual of the said tribe who shall, at any time hereafter, violate the stipulations of the treaty this day concluded between the said Pawnee Republic and the said States. In witness whereof the said William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the chiefs and warriors aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, and of the independence of the United States the forty-second. Petaheick, the Good Chief, Raruleshare, the Chief Man, Sheruakitare, the First in the War Party, WM. CLARK, AUG. CHOUTEAU. Tearekatacaush, the Brave, Tetawiouche, Wearer of shoes. Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. R. Paul, Col. M. M. C. Interpreter. R. Graham, I. A. Ill. Ter. Jno. O. Fallon, Capt. R. Regt. Jno. Ruland, Sub Agt. Transl'r. &c. A. L. Papin, Interpreter. I. T. Honore, Id. Interpreter. S. Julian, U. S. Id. Interpreter. Wm. Grayson. Josiah Ramsey. Jno. Robedout. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, Made and concluded by, and between, William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part, and the undersigned, chiefs and warriors of the Pawnee Marhar tribe, on the part and behalf of their said tribe, of the other part. THE parties, being desirous of establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, have agreed to the following articles: ART. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, by one or either of the contracting parties, against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. ART. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the said Pawnee tribe. ART. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. ART. 4. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and the tribe they represent, do moreover promise and oblidge themselves to deliver up, or to cause to be delivered up, to the authority of the United States, (to be punished according to law,) each and every individual of the said tribe, who shall, at any time hereafter, violate the stipulations of the treaty this day concluded between the said Pawnee Marhar tribe and the said States. In witness whereof the said William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the chiefs and warriors aforesaid, June 22, 1818. Proclamation, Jan. 5, 1819. Injuries, &c. forgiven. Perpetual peace and friendship. Protection of U. S. acknow. ledged. Violators of this treaty to be delivered up, &c. have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, and of the Independence of the United States the forty-second. WM. CLARK, AUG. CHOUTEAU. Tearacheticktickspa, the Peace Maker, Kakaletahaw, the Crow of other Nations, Lahehorashea, the Presence Striker, Tarahautacaw, White Bull, Tearilari Sacki, Red Hawk, Larapa Kouch, the Soldier, Tahorou, the Gun Flint, Teakahore, the Divider of the Party, Letireeshar, the Knife Chief, Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. R. Graham, I. A. Illinois Territory. Jno. O. Fallon, Captain Rifle Regiment. R. Paul, Colonel M. M. C. Interpreter. Jno. Ruland, Sub Agent, Trans'r, &c. A. L. Papin, Interpreter. I. T. Honore, Indian Interpreter. I. Julian, U. S. Indian Interpreter. Wm. Grayson. Josiah Ramsey. Jno. Robedout. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. Proclamation, Jan. 5, 1818. A TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, CESSION, AND LIMITS, Aug. 24, 1818. Made and entered into, this twenty-fourth day of August, eighteen hundred and eighteen, by, and between, William Clark and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners on the part and behalf of the United States, of the one part, and the undersigned, chiefs and warriors of the Quapaw tribe or nation, on the part and behalf of their said tribe or nation, of the other part. Protection of U. S. acknow ledged. Cession of lands. ART. 1. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and their said tribe or nation, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other state, power, or sovereignty, whatsoever. ART. 2. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and their said tribe or nation, do hereby, for, and in consideration of, the promises and stipulations hereinafter named, cede and relinquish to the United States, forever, all the lands within the following boundaries, viz: Beginning at the mouth of the Arkansaw river; thence, extending up the Arkansaw, to the Canadian fork, and up the Canadian fork to its source; thence south, to Big Red river, and down the middle of that river, to the Big Raft; thence, a direct line, so as to strike the Mississippi river, thirty leagues in a straight line, below the mouth of Arkansaw; together with all their claims to land east of the Mississippi, and north of the Arkansaw, river, included within the coloured lines 1, 2, and 3, on the above map, with the exception and reservation following, that is to say: the tract of country bounded as follows: Beginoriginal treaty.) ning at a point on the Arkansaw river, opposite the present post of Arkansaw, and running thence, a due southwest course, to the Washita river; thence, up that river, to the Saline fork; and up the Saline fork to a point, from whence a due north course would strike the Arkansaw river at the Little Rock; and thence, down the right bank of the Arkansaw, to the place of beginning: which said tract of land, last above designated and reserved, shall be surveyed and marked off, at the ex (*A map accompanies the Reservation. pence of the United States, as soon as the same can be done with convenience, and shall not be sold or disposed of, by the said Quapaw tribe or nation, to any individual whatever, nor to any state or nation, without the approbation of the United States first had and obtained. ART. 3. It is agreed, between the United States and the said tribe or nation, that the individuals of the said tribe or nation shall be at liberty to hunt within the territory by them ceded to the United States, without hindrance or molestation, so long as they demean themselves peaceably, and offer no injury or annoyance to any of the citizens of the United States, and untill the said United States may think proper to assign the same, or any portion thereof, as hunting grounds to other friendly Indians. ART. 4. No citizen of the United States, or any other person, shall be permitted to settle on any of the lands hereby allotted to, and reserved for, the said Quapaw tribe or nation, to live and hunt on; yet it is expressly understood and agreed on, by, and between, the parties aforesaid, that, at all times, the citizens of the United States shall have the right to travel and pass freely, without toll or exaction, through the Quapaw reservation, by such roads or routes as now are, or hereafter may be, established. The Quapaws may hunt in the ceded territory, until, &c. No persons to settle on lands reserved. Payment in ceded. ART. 5. In consideration of the cession and stipulations aforesaid, the United States do hereby promise and bind themselves to pay and deliver goods for lands to the said Quapaw tribe or nation, immediately upon the execution of this treaty, goods and merchandize to the value of four thousand dollars, and to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to them, yearly, and every year, goods and merchandize to the value of one thousand dollars, to be estimated in the city or place, in the United States, where the same are procured or purchased. No private revenge for injuries by individuals. Offenders to be delivered up ART. 6. Least the friendship which now exists between the United States and the said tribe or nation, should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, it is hereby agreed, that, for injuries done by individuals, no private revenge or retaliation shall take place; but, instead thereof, complaints shall be made by the party injured, to the other; by the tribe or nation aforesaid, to the governor, superintendent of Indian affairs, or some other person authorized and appointed for that purpose; and by the governor, superintendant, or other person authorized, to the chiefs of the said tribe or nation. And it shall be the duty of the said tribe or nation, upon complaint being made, as aforesaid, to deliver up for punishment. the person or persons, against whom the complaint is made, to the end that he or they may be punished, agreeably to the laws of the state or territory where the offence may have been committed; and, in like manner, if any robbery, violence, or murder, shall be committed on any Indian or Indians, belonging to the said tribe or nation, the person or persons so offending shall be tried, and, if found guilty, punished in like manner as if the injury had been done to a white man. And it is further agreed, that the chiefs of the said tribe or nation shall, to the stolen property. utmost of their power, exert themselves to recover horses, or other property, which may be stolen from any citizen or citizens of the United States, by any individual or individuals of the said tribe or nation; and the property so recovered, shall be forthwith delivered to the governor, superintendant, or other person authorized to receive the same, that it may be restored to the proper owner. And in cases where the exertions Deduction for of the chiefs shall be ineffectual in recovering the property stolen, as aforesaid, if sufficient proof can be obtained that such property was annuity. actually stolen by an Indian or Indians, belonging to the said tribe or nation, a sum, equal to the value of the property which has been stolen, may be deducted, by the United States, from the annuity of said tribe VOL VII. 23 Recovery of property stolen to be made from or nation. And the United States hereby guaranty to the individuals of the said tribe or nation, a full indemnification for any horse or horses, or other property, which may be taken from them by any of their citizens: Provided, the property so stolen cannot be recovered, and that sufficient proof is produced that it was actually stolen by a citizen or citizens of the United States. ART. 7. This treaty shall take effect, and be obligatory on the contracting parties, as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. R. Paul, Col. M. M. C. I. Jn. Ruland, Sub Agent, &c. R. Graham, Indian Agent. M. Lewis Clark. L. T. Honore, Indian Interpreter. Joseph Bonne, Interpreter. Julius Pescay. Stephen Julian, U. S. Indian Interpreter. James Loper. William P. Clark. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. Proclamation, Jan. 4, 1819. ARTICLES OF A TREATY Sept. 17, 1818. Made and concluded, at St. Mary's, in the state of Ohio, between Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur, commissioners of the United States, with full power and authority to hold conferences, and conclude and sign a treaty or treaties, with all or any of the tribes or nations of Indians within the boundaries of the state of Ohio, of and concerning all matters interesting to the United States and the said nations of Indians, and the sachems, chiefs, and warriors, of the Wyandot, Seneca, Shawnese, and Ottawas, tribes of Indians; being supplementary to the treaty made and concluded with the said tribes, and the Deleware, Potawatamie and Chippewa, tribes of Indians, at the foot of the Rapids of the Miami of Lake Erie, on the twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventeen. Ante, p. 160. The grants in the treaty of 29th Sept. 1817 to be considered only as reserva tions for the use of the Indians. ART. 1. It is agreed, between the United States and the parties hereunto, that the several tracts of land, described in the treaty to which this is supplementary, and agreed thereby to be granted by the United States to the chiefs of the respective tribes named therein, for the use of the individuals of the said tribes, and also the tract described in the twentieth article of the said treaty, shall not be thus granted, but shall be excepted from the cession made by the said tribes to the United States, reserved for the use of the said Indians, and held by them in the same manner as Indian reservations have been heretofore held. But [it] is further agreed, that the tracts thus reserved shall be reserved for the |