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CONTENTS.
xi
THE FOURTH CENTURY.
CHAP. 1.
General State of the Church in this Century.
Diocletian - Gallerius Cæfar, his Hatred to the Chriftians-Per-
fecution-Fire in the Imperial Palace-Chriftians protected
in Gaul, under Conftantius-Death of Gallerius-Conftan-
tine the Great+Luminous Crofs-Conftantinople-Devotion
of Conftantine-Sons of Conftantine divided in their religi
ous Sentiments-Julian-his Bigotry-Jovian-Valentinian
-Gratian-Theodofius-Divifions in the Church-Conver-
fion of Armenia - Ethiopia — Georgia - Goths-Laws of
Conftantine page 145
CHAP. II.
Of Church Government, Doctrines, Rites, and
Ceremonies, in the Fourth Century.
Emperor declared Head of the Church-Conftantine affumes the
Title of Bishop-Bishop of Rome-Of Conftantinople→
Power and Revenues of Bishops-Commotions at Rome on
the Election of a Bishop-Popular Elections discountenanced
on account of their pernicious Effects - Metropolitans-
Bishops-Functions of thefe different Orders-Revenues of
the Church - Tithes Defence of Tithes- Ecclefiaftical
Councils Council of Nice-Attempt to impofe Celibacy on
the Clergy-Heresy of Arius condemned-Difputes concern-
ing the Hypoftatic Union-Council of Conftantinople-Pro-
vincial Councils-Nicene Creed-Corruptions and Superfti-
tións-Increafed Veneration for Saints and Martyrs-Relics-
Abfurd Fictions-Difcovery of the real Crofs-Monks-St.
Anthony-Their Fanaticifm extended to the Female Sex-
Hilarion - Bafil- Ambrofe-Martin of Tours-Different
Orders Cœnobites - Eremites-Anachorites-Sabarites-
Splendid Churches-Laudable Zeal of Conftantine-Mili-
tary Chaplains-Antiquity of the Right of Patronage-Rights
of Sanctuary-Liturgies-Difcontinuance of the Agape-
Feftivals in Honour of the Martyrs-Abuse of the Sacra-
ments-Abuse of Abftinence Penance Confeffion
Anecdote concerning the Cause of its Abolition-Feftival of
Eafter established-Release of Prisoners at Easter-Manumif-
fion of Slaves
-
CHAP. III.
page 164
Of the Sects which appeared in the Fourth
Century.
Abufe of Myfticifm-Euftathians and Meffalians-Donatifts-
Difputes concerning the Succeffion to the See of Carthage-
Donatus-Violence of the Parties-Rogatians-Arius-Prin-
eiples of the Arians-Arius condemued and exiled-Council
of Nice-Arianifm condemned there-Arius recalled from
Banishment by Conftantine-Death of Arius-Arianism pro-
tected by Conftantius-Semi-Arians-Eunomians-Contests
between the different Branches of Arians-Semi-Arians di-
vided-Macedonians-Meletians-Photinus-Apollinarians-
Prifcillianifts-Antidicomaranites-Collyridians-Luciferians
Conftantine not eminent as a Patron of Literature-Eufebius -
Pamphilus-Athanafius Bafil - Gregory Nazianzen-Gre-
gory of Nyffa--Ambrose bishop of Milan-Lactantius-Je-
rome-Rufinus-St. Auguftine-Chryfoftom-Marcellus-
Euftathius-Victorinus - Hilary-Apollinaris-Ephraim of
Edeffa-Didymus-Diodorus of Tarfus-Epiphanius-Cyril
bishop of Jerufalem
pa. 214
Perfecuting Edict against Heretics-Arcadius and Honorius-
Incurfions of the Barbarians-Alaric-Plunder of Rome-
Deftruction of Literature-Refpect indicated by the Barba-
rians for every Form of Chriftianity-Progrefs of the Barba-
rians-Annihilation of the Weftern Empire-Odoacer-State
of the Eastern Empire-Calamities affecting the Empire-
Arianifm profeffed by the Barbarians-Theodoric-Hunneric
-Hilderic-Chriftianity received in Perfia-Chriftians there
involved by their own Imprudence in Perfecution-Complete
Converfion of the Goths-Converfion of Ireland-Of Clovis,
King of the Franks-Title of Moft Chriftian King-Cor-
ruptions of the Clergy-Their Arrogance-Encroachments of
the Bishop of Rome-Prostitution of Holy Orders-Impious
Arrogance of the Emperors-Council of Chalcedon-Title
of Patriarchs-Rivalship between the Bishops of Rome and
Conftantinople Their Intrufion into Civil Affairs - Re-
ftrained by an Imperial Edict-Virtues of fome of the
Clergy page 233
Of Government, Doctrine, Rites and Ceremonies
in the Fifth Century.
Title and Dignity of Patriarch conferred on five of the principal
Sees-Increase of Monks-Exempted from Ecclefiaftical
Jurifdiction-Their immenfe Power Crimes Warlike
Achievements-New Order of Watchers-Abfurdities-Sa
vage Life-Symeon Stylites-Pillar Saints-Fanaticifm of
Xiv
Baradatus and James of Syria-Platonifm fucceeded by the
Philofophy of Ariftotle-Increafing Refpect for the Virgin
Mary-Miracles fuppofed to be wrought by her-Images of
the Virgin and the Saints-Superftitious Reverence for the
Sacrament-Change of public to private Confeffion-Incense
and Tapers used in the Church-Rage for accumulating Re-
lics-Seven Sleepers-Miracle of the Orthodox Believers, who
fpoke after the Lofs of their Tongues-Divination-Feaft of
the Afcenfion-Origin of the Pope's Tiara
page 252
Of the Sects which appeared in the Fifth,
Pelagius and Celeftius-oppofed by Auguftin and others-Semi-
Pelagians-Neftorians-Opposition of Cyril-Condemnation
of Neftorius-Character of Neftorius Eutychians - Con-
demnation of the Council of Chalcedon-Decree of Union
called Henoticon-Monophy fites-Peter the Fuller-Theo-
pafchites- Acephali
CHAP. IV.
pa. 272
Of Learning and Learned Men in the Fifth
Cyril-Theophilus biflop of Alexandria-Ifidore-Theodorus
Arnobius Antiochus bishop of Ptolemais
Afterius of
Amafia-Peter of Ravenna-Gaudentius of Brescia-Severian
of Gabala-Leo the Great-Gregentius-Evagrius-Bafil
Philoftorgius-Philip Sedetes-Evodius-Orofius-Syagrius
-Gennadius - Voconius-Eucherius-Profper-Diadoculos
-Nilus-Maximus of Turin-Caflian-Palladius - Profper
bishop of Nola-Sidonius Apollinaris-Salvian-Spurious Pro-
ductions Socrates Sozomen-Theodoret-Publication of
the Talmud pa. 284
THE SIXTH CENTURY.
CHAP. I.
r
Evil Effects of the Decifions in the Council of Chalcedon-.
- Emperor Anaftafius-Intrigues of the Monks-Two of them
-appointed to the Sees of Antioch and Constantinople-Tumults
in Conftantinople-Vitellianus marches to attack Conftanti-
nople-Deceived by Anaftafius-Emperor Juftin-Eutychians
depreffed-Juftinian Theodora-Riots between the Factions
-Condemnation of Origen-of Theodore, Theodoret, Ibas,
&c.-Oppofition of the Roman Pontiff Vigilius-General
Council at Conftantinople-Vigilius banished-Retracts and is
recalled-Disputes whether one of the Trinity had suffered
whether the Body of Chrift was corruptible or not-Juftin II.
favours the Eutychians-Bifhops of Rome claim univerfal Su-
premacy-Contests for the Succeffion of that See-Rivalship
between the Bishops of Rome and Conftantinople-Mutual
Perfecutions between the Arians and Orthodox-Change of
Religion in Barbarians-Title of Moft Catholic King-
England-Saxons converted by Auguftin-Archbishopric of
Canterbury founded-Spirit of the British Clergy - page 296
Of Government, Doctrine, Rites, and Cere-
monies, in the Sixth Century.
Evils of popular Elections of the Clergy-Bishop of Rome ap-
pointed by the Gothic Princes-Different Modes of appointing
to Clerical Offices in different Countries-in France-in Spain
-Increase of Superftition-Donations to Monafteries, &c. to
obtain the Interceffion of the Saints-Riches of the Church