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his hives with wax and honey fill,
in vain whole summer days employ'd,
their stores are sold, the race destroy'd.
What tribute from the goose is paid!
does not her wing all science aid ?
does it not lovers' hearts explain,
and drudge to raise the merchant's gain?
What now rewards this general use?

he takes the quills and eats the goose!-Gay.

There are animals which have the misfortune for no manner of reason, to be treated as common enemies, wherever they may be found. The conceit that a cat has nine lives, has cost at least nine lives in ten of the whole race of them; scarcely a boy in the streets but has in this point outdone Hercules himself, who was famous for killing a monster which had but three lives. Whether the unaccountable animosity against this domsetic may be any cause of the general persecution of owls (who are a sort of feathered cats) or whether it be only an unreasonable pique the moderns have taken to a serious countenance, I shall not determine; tho' I am in inclined to believe the former; since I observe the sole reason alleged for the destruction of frogs is because they are like toads. Yet, amid all the misfortunes of these unfriended creatures, 't is some happiness that we have not yet taken a fancy to eat them for should our countrymen refine on the French ever so little, 't is not to be conceived to what unheard-of torments, owls, cats, and frogs may be yet reserved.-Alex Pope.

How will man, that sanguinary tyrant, be able to excuse himself from the charge of innumerable cruelties inflicted on unoffending subjects committed to care, formed for his benefit, and placed under his

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authority by their common Father, whose mercy is over all his works, and who expects that his authority should be exercised not only with tenderness and mercy, but in conformity to the laws of justice and gratitude? But to what horrid deviations from these benevolent intentions are we daily witnesses! no small part of mankind derive their chief amusements from the deaths and sufferings of inferior animals; a much greater, consider them only as engines of wood, or iron, useful in their several occupations. The carman drives his horse, and the carpenter his nail, by repeated blows; and so long as these produce the desired effect, and they both go, they neither reflect, nor care whether either of them have any sense of feeling. The butcher knocks down the stately ox, with no more compassion than the blacksmith hammers a horse-shoe; and plunges his knife into the throat of the innocent lamb, with as little reluctance as the tailor sticks his needle into the collar of a coat.

If there be some few, who, formed in a softer mould, view with pity the sufferings of these defenceless creatures, there is scarcely one who entertains the least idea, that justice or gratitude can be due to their merits or their services. The social and friend. ly dog is hung without remorse, if, by barking in defence of his master's person or property, he happens unknowingly to disturb his rest; the generous horse, who has carried his ungrateful master for many years with ease and safety, worn out with age and infirmities,, contracted in his service, is by him condemned to end his miserable days in a dust-cart, where the more he exerts his little remains of spirit, the more he is whipped to save his stupid driver the trouble of whipping some other less obedient to the lash. Sometimes, having been taught the practice of

many unnatural and useless feats in a riding-house, he is at last turned out, and consigned to the domin⚫ ion of a hackney coachman, by whom he is every day corrected for performing those tricks which he has learned under a severe and long discipline. The sluggish bear, in contradiction to his nature, is taught to dance, for the diversion of a malignant mob, by placing red-hot irons under his feet: and the majestic bull is tortured by every mode which malice can in. vent, for no offence, but that he is gentle, and unwil ling to assail his diabolical tormentors. These, with innumerable other acts of cruelty, injustice, and ingratitude, are every day committed, not only with impunity, but without censure, and even without observation; but we may be assured that they cannot finally pass unnoticed or unretaliated.- Guardian.

Where pain and pleasure, happiness and misery, are concerned, there the obligations of morality are concerned; and a man who is not merciful to the animals in his power, whatever his pretensions may be to reason and religion, is, in truth, of a narrow understanding, and of a bad heart. What shall we say, then, of that morality, that religion, and that policy, which admits of the cruelties we see daily exercised on creatures, we derive benefit and pleasure from every moment of our lives?-The Rev. D. Williams's Lectures.

CRUELTY OF A CARTER. There is nothing argues so dastardly a spirit, as taking a diabolic satisfaction in the oppression of weakness; in directing barbarity against inoffensive beings, which have not the power or disposition of defence. Men's minds glow with resentment at a slight injury done to themselves, but they have no sense of the injustice which they commit on domestic animals. In passing through

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a farm-yard, in the neighbourhood of his residence, the compiler of these pages witnessed a worse than savage brutality of this kind. The farmer's labourer was employed in adjusting some part of an empty cart, which stood without horses. A heifer approached familiarly the place, seemed amused by looking at the fellow, and stood some minutes without being perceived by him. At last, the man cast his eyes on it, which immediately beamed enmity, accompanied with, 66 Oh, damn you! are you there? what do you want?" At the same instant he seized a very heavy hedge-stake, which lay at his feet, smote the poor heifer on the side, with great force, and broke into a loud horse laugh. The stroke resounded, and the pain inflicted may be easily conceived. On asking him what motive induced such unfeeling and unjust barbarity, he answered, with an oath, "the heifer had no business there." This heifer would have been less than an animal, if, after such a rebuke, it ever again approached man with affability. It is by such treatment that most of our domesticated animals avoid the human form.

CART HORSES. In the country, as well as in towns, one may witness, almost every day, treatment, the most abominable, of aged or emaciated horses, by low carters, who purchase them for à trifle, to "work up," as they term it. Among these wretches he is the cleverest fellow who can wield a massy whip with the least fatigue. Their business is literally that of hewing living flesh. Almost every neighbourhood contains some of this description of infernal monsters. Even among country farmers, if the carter be offended at the condition or figure of a horse, which his master has purchased, his whip is perpetually laid on him, his name only is continually vociferated; for

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him there is no remission, or mercy, or feeling, or compassion. He is made to sustain considerably more than his proportion of labour; his limbs forced to be continually on the stretch, while the rest of the team are allowed to be exercised moderately. At feeding times, the coarsest provision is selected, and to prevent him from reaching the corn, his head is barbarously tied up to the rack. Many. such unfortunate animals have dropped down dead in the stable, from excessive labour and want of sustenance.

The excellent temper and usefulness of many a valuable horse has been ruined by the conduct of our petty tyrants of the whip. The manoeuvres of "Come hither who-o," &c. are inculcated so obdurately by dint of torture, that the spirit of the horse is absolutely broken; whence ensue stubbornness and desperation. At one instant the horse is whipped for holding too close to the driver, at the next, for bearing off too much; now, for going too quickly, then for going too slow; by and by, for stopping; afterwards, because he did not stop. In this manner the faculties of the poor beast are totally confounded, and caused to degenerate into an inert and stagnant state of insensibility, instead of making a progress in that ratio of improvement, of which he is highly capable.

It appears that the Dutch settlers in the interior of southern Africa quicken the exertions of their labouring oxen by cutting them with large knives! Mr. Barrow has minutely detailed this shocking cruelty in his Travels into that country. "Even in the neighbourhood of the Cape, where, from a more extended civilization, one would expect a greater degree of humanity," he says, "several atrocious acts

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