The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has DeclinedPenguin Publishing Group, 25 sep. 2012 - 832 sidor Overview: Faced with the ceaseless stream of news about war, crime, and terrorism, one could easily think we live in the most violent age ever seen. Yet as New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows in this startling and engaging new work, just the opposite is true: violence has been diminishing for millennia and we may be living in the most peaceful time in our species' existence. For most of history, war, slavery, infanticide, child abuse, assassinations, pogroms, gruesome punishments, deadly quarrels, and genocide were ordinary features of life. But today, Pinker shows (with the help of more than a hundred graphs and maps) all these forms of violence have dwindled and are widely condemned. How has this happened? This groundbreaking book continues Pinker's exploration of the essence of human nature, mixing psychology and history to provide a remarkable picture of an increasingly nonviolent world. The key, he explains, is to understand our intrinsic motives--the inner demons that incline us toward violence and the better angels that steer us away--and how changing circumstances have allowed our better angels to prevail. Exploding fatalist myths about humankind's inherent violence and the curse of modernity, this ambitious and provocative book is sure to be hotly debated in living rooms and the Pentagon alike, and will challenge and change the way we think about our society. |
Innehåll
A FOREIGN COUNTRY | 1 |
The Roman Empire and Early Christendom | 12 |
Early Modern Europe | 18 |
2 | 26 |
3 | 59 |
THE HUMANITARIAN REVOLUTION | 129 |
THE LONG PEACE | 189 |
The Timing of Wars | 200 |
Is the Long Peace a Nuclear Peace? | 268 |
Is the Long Peace a Democratic Peace? | 278 |
6 | 295 |
8 | 482 |
BETTER ANGELS | 571 |
SelfControl | 592 |
ON ANGELS WINGS | 671 |
The Pacifists Dilemma | 678 |
The Magnitude of Wars | 210 |
The Trajectory of Great Power War | 222 |
The Trajectory of European War | 228 |
Three Currents in the Age of Sovereignty | 235 |
Humanism and Totalitarianism in the Age of Ideology | 244 |
Attitudes and Events | 255 |
Feminization | 684 |
The Escalator of Reason | 690 |
NOTES | 697 |
REFERENCES | 739 |
773 | |
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20th century African African Americans American animals attack battle deaths bonobos brain called cause chapter civilians Civilizing Process Cold War common common chimpanzees Correlates of War counter-Enlightenment countries crime culture dataset death toll decades decline of violence democide democracy democratic Democratic Peace theory developed empathy England estimates ethnic Europe European fight figure force genocide graph groups historian homicide rate human Humanitarian Revolution hunter-gatherers ideology infanticide killed leaders less lives Long Peace major male military million modern moral murder nations nature norms nuclear weapons organized percent plotted Poisson process police political scientist population power-law distribution psychology punishment quarrels rape reason revenge sexual shows slave slavery social soldiers Soviet Soviet Union statistics taboo terrorism terrorist theory things tion torture trade trends tribes United victims Western woman women World War II