a map. They will then fee that the whole Ruffian army was on the point of being annihilated in the courte of a few days and that in confequence of a fingle overfight in the Ruf Wan General. We have loft 800 men killed, and 2000 wounded. Matters of the greatest part of the Kurtian artillery, of all its politions, and hav ing repulfed the enemy near 40 leagues, the emperor has ordered the army into winter quarters. Before this expedition, the Russian officers fay they had 150,000 men, now they Which fay they had but half that number. is to be believed, the Ruffian officers before, or the Ruffian officers after the battle? Perfia and the Porte have declared war against Ruilia. Michelion attacks the Porte. These two great empires, neighbours to the Rufians, are kept in continual anxiety by the fallacions policy of the cabinet of St. Petersburgh, which for ten years paft has acted by them in the fame manner as it conducted itfelf for fifty years, with refpect to Poland. M. Philip Segur, camp marthal to the emperor, on his way to Nafielfk, fell into an ambufcade of Coffacks placed in a wooden house behind that place. He killed two of them with his own hands, but was made prifoner. The emperor cla med him immediately, but the Ruffian General had already fent him off to St. Peterburgh. BUFNOS AYRES. Captain Edmonds, late of his Majefty's hip Diomede, arrived at the Admiralty Office, January 24, with dispatches from Commodore Sir Home Popham, dated in the Rio de la Piata, the ift of November, from which it appears, that Buenos Ayres was attacked on the 9th of Auguft, by a detachment of troops from Monte Video, aflifted by the town's people, and militia of the country, and obliged to furrender on the 12th, under a capitulation, the terms of which were not alterwards obGeneral Beresford, the officers, troops, marines of the fquadron, and a few feamen, remained p ifoners of war. ferved. Upon the arrival of the re-inforcements from the Cape of Cood Hope, an attack was made upon Monte Video, but without fuccefs. Poffeffion was then taken of Maldonado, at the mouth of the river, upon the 29th of October, where the troops were ftationed when Captain Edmonds failed. His Majesty's fhips were at anchor in the road of that place, and their crews in perfect health. AMERICA. On 2d of December at 12 o'clock, the President of the United States communicated, by Mr. Coles, his Secretary, the following Mellage to both Houtes of Congrefs. To the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congrejs Affembled. It would have given me, Fellow citizens, great fatisfaction to announce, in the moment of your meeting, that the difficulties in our The nature of that country requires indifpeniably that an unusual proportion of the The following is a fiatement of the force employed there thould be cavalry, or killed and wounded: OFFICERS-Killed Wounded mounted infantry. In order, therefore, that the commanding officer might be enabled to act with effect, I had authorifed him to call on the governors of Orleans and Maffilippi, for a corps of five hundred volunteer cavalry. The temporary arrangement he has propofed, may perhaps render this unnecefiary. But I intorm you with great pleafure, of the promptitude with which the inhabitants of thofe territories have tendered their fervices in defence of their country. It has done honor to themselves themfelves, entitled them to the confidence of their fellow-citizens in every part of the Union, and muft ftrengthen the general determination to protect them efficaciously under all circumstances which may occur. Having received information that in another part of the United States, a great num. ber of private individuals were combining together, arming and organizing themfelves, contrary to law to carry on a military expedition against the territories of Spain, I thought it neceffary, by proclamation, as well as by fpecial orders, to take mealures for preventing and fuppreffing this enterprize, for feizing the vetiels, arms, and other means prowded for it, and for arresting and bringing to juftice its authors and abettors. It was due to that good faith, which ought ever to be the tale of action in public as well as in private tranfactions; it was due to good order, and regular government, that, while the public force was acting strictly on the d-fenfive, and merely to protect our citizens from aggreffion, the criminal attempts of private individuals to decide, for their country, the question of peace or war, by commencing active, and unauthorized hotilities, fhould be promptly and efficacioully fuppreffed. Whether it will be neceffary to enlarge our regular force, will depend on the refult of our negotiations with Spain. But as it is uncertain when that result will be known, the Provisional meafures requifite for that, and to meet any preffure intervening in that quarter, will be a fubject for your early confideration. The poffefion of both banks of the Miffilippi, reducing to a fingle point the defence of that river, its waters and the country adjacent, it becomes highly neceffary to provide for that point, a more adequate fecunity. Some pofition above its mouth, commanding the passage of that river, fhould be rendered fuficiently strong to cover the armed effels, which may be ftationed there for defence; and, in conjunction with them, to prefeat an infuperable obftacle to any force, attempting to país. The approaches to the City of New Orleans, from the eastern quar ter allo, will require to be examined, and more effectually guarded. For the internal fupport of the country, the encouragement of a trong fettlement on the western fide of the Mithilippi, within reach of New Orleans, will be worthy the confideration of the Lepillature. The gun-boats, authorised by an act of the lalt feilion, are to advanced, that they will be ready for service in the enfuing (pring. CirGuntances permitted us to allow the time necessary for their more folid construction. As much larger number will still be wanting, to place our fea port towns and waters in that thate of defence, of which we are competent, and they entitled, a fimilar appropriation fe a further provision of them, is recom1 for the enluing year. fary for repairing fortifications already establithed, and the erection of fuch other works as may have real effet in obstructing the approach of an enemy to our fea-port towns, or their remaining before them In a country whole constitution is derived from the will of the people directly expreffed by their free fuffrages, where the principal executive functionaries, and thofe of the legiflature are renewed by them at short periods, where, under the character of jurors, they exercife in person the greatest portion of the judiciary powers, where the laws are confequently to formed and adminiftred as to bear with equal weight and favor on all, restraining no man in the pursuit of honeft induftry, and fecuring to every one the property which that acquires, it would not be fuppofed that any fafeguard could be needed against infurrection or enterprize, on the public peace or authority. The laws, however, awire that these should not be trufted to moral retraints only, have wifely provided punishments for thefe crimes when committed But would it not be falutary to give alfo the means of preventing thei com bithion? Where an enter prize is meditated by private individuals against a foreign nation, unanimity with the United States, powers of prevention, to a cer tain extent, are given by the laws. Would they not be as re fonable as ufeful, where the enterprize preparing is against the United States?-While adverting to this branch of law, it is proper to obferve that in enterprizes meditated against foreign nations, the ordinary process of binding to the obfervance of the peace and good behaviour, could it be extended to acts to be done out of the jurisdiction of the United States, would be effectually in cafes where the offender is able to keep out of fight every indication of his purpofe, which could now draw on bim the exercife of the powers now given by law. The itates on the coast of Barbary feem generally difpofed at prefent to respect our peace and friendship. With Tanis alone fom uncertainty remains. Perfuaded that it is our interest to maintain our peace with them on equal terms or not at all, I propofe to fend in due time, a reinforcement into the Mediterranean; uniefs, previous information thail fhew it to be unneceflary. We continue to perceive proofs of the growing attachment of our Indian neighbours, and of their difpofition to place all their interefts under the patronage of the United States. Thefe difpofitions are infpired by their confidence in our juftice, and in the fin cere concern we feel for their welfare. as long as we discharge thefe high and honorable functions with the integrity and good faith which alone can entitle us to their con tinuance, we may expect to reap the just reward in their peace and friendhip. And The expedition of Melfrs. Lewis and Clark for exploring the river Missouri, and appropriation will also be necef- communication_from=" to the Pic Ocean, has had all the fuccefs which could have been expected. They have traced the Miffouri nearly to its fource, defcended the Columbia to the Pacific Ocean, afcertained with accuracy the geography of that intereft. ing communication acrofs our Continent, learnt the character of the country, of its commerce and inhabitants, and it is but juftice to fay that Mellis Lewis and Clarke, and their brave companions, have, by this arquous fervice, deferved weil of their country. The attempt to explore the Red River, under the direction of Mr. Freeman, though conducted with a zeal and prudence meriting entire approbation, has not been equally fuccefstul. A ter proceeding up it about fix hundred miles, nearly as far as the French fettlements had extended, whil the country was in their poffellion, our geographers were obliged to return without completing their wo k. Very useful additions have also been made to our knowledge of the Millilippi, by Lieutenant Pike, who has afcen ed to its fource, and whole journal, and map iving the details of his journey, will shortly ve ready for communication to both Hou.es of Congrefs. Thole of Meff Lewis, Clarke, and Freeman, will require further time to be digefted and pr pared hele mportant furveys, in addi un to thofe bore pit di far ih ma terials or commencing an accur ce map of the Mililippi and its western waters. Some principai rivers remain set to be explored, towards w te the authoriz tion of Congress, by merate apprsations, will be requifite. I congratul te you, fellow citizens, on the appro cn of the period which you may interpole ur authority conftitutionally, to withdraw citizens of the United States from all further participation in thofe violations of hu man ng ts, which have been fo long continued on the unffending inhabitants of Africa, and which th morality, the reputation, and the best int refts of our country, have long een eager to prescribe Ait ough no law you ay pais can také prohibitory effect till the firit day of the year one thousand eight hundred an eight, yet the intervening period is not too long to prevent, by timely not.ce, expeditions which cannot be completed before that day." The receipts at the treasury during the year ending on the 30th day of September last, have amounted to neat fifteen hundred millions of dollars; which have enabled us, atter meeting the curent demands, to pay two millions tev n hundred thousand dollars of the American claims, in part of the price of Louifiana; to pay, of the funded debt, upwards of three millions of principal, and nearly of interest, and, in addition, to reimburse in the courfe of the prefent month, near two mitlions of five and a halt per cent. ftock. Thefe payments and reimbursements of the funded ucui, with thofe which had been made in the four years and a halt preeding, will at the clofe of the prefent year, have extinguished upwards of 23 millions of principal. The duties compoling the Mediterranean fund will ceafe by law, at the end of the prefent feffion. Confidering however as they are levied chiefly on luxuries, and that we have an impoft on falt, a neceflary of life, the free ufe which otherwife is fo important; I recommend to your confideration the fuppreflion of the duties on falt, and the continuation of the Mediterranean fund, instead thereof, for a fhort time after which that allo will become unneceffary for any purpose with n contemplation. When both of thefe branches of revenue fhall in this way, be relinquished, there will ftill, ere long, be an accumulation of monies in the treatur beyond the instalments of public dent, which we are permitted by contract topay.-They cannot pay them,w thout a modification, aflented to by the public creditors, be applied to the extinguishment of this debt, and the complete liberation of our revenues, the most defirable of all objects. Nor, if our peace continues, will they be wanting for any other exifting purpose. The queftion, therefore, now comes forward to what other objects hall thefe forplufles be appropriated, and the whole furplus or impoft after the entire difharge of the public debt, and during those intervals when the purposes of war fhall not call for them? Shall we fuppress the impoft, and give that advantage to foreign over domestic manuractures? On a iew articles of more general and unnecefiary ufe, the fuppreffon, in due feafon, will dou tlefs be right; but the great mais of the articles on which impoft is paid, are foreign luxuries purchated by thofe only who are rich enough to afford themselves the ufe of them. Their patriotifm would certainly prefer its continuance, and application to the great purposes of the public education, roads, rivers, canals, and fuch as other objects of public improvenient, as it may be thought proper to add to the conftitutional enumeration of federal powers. By thofe operations, new channels of communication will be opened between the States; the lines of feparation will disappear, their inte refts will be identified, and the, union cemented by new and indiffoluble ties. Education is here placed among the articles of public care, not that it would be propofed to take its ordinary branches out of the hands of private enterprife, which manages to much better all the concerns to which it is equal, but a public institution can alone fupply thofe feiences, which though rarely called for are yet neceffary to complete the circle, all the parts of which contribute to the improvement of the country, and fome of them to its prefervation. The fabject is now propofed to the confideration of Congrefs, because, if approved by the time the State Legifiature thall have deliberated on this extenfion of the federal trufts, and the laws thall be paffed, and other arrangements made for their execution the necellary meceffary funds will be on hand, and without employment. I fuppofe an amendment to the conftitution by confent of the States neceffury; because the objects now recommended are not among those enumerated in the con#titution, and to which it permits the public monies to be applied. The prefent confideration of a national eftabishment for education particularly, is rendered prover by this circumstance alfo, that, if Congress, approving the propofition, thall yet think it more eligible to found it on a do nation of lands, they have it now in their power to endow it with thofe which will be among the earlieft to produce the neceffary Income. This foundation would have the advantage of being independent on war, which may fufpend other improvements, by requiring for its own purpofe the refouries destined for them. This, fellow citizens, is the ftate of the public interefts, at the prefent moment, and according to the information now poffeffed. But fuch is the fituation of the nations of Eutope, and fach too is the predicament in which we land with fome of them, that we cannot rely with certainty on the prefent afpect of our affars, that may change from moment to monicat, during the courfe of your feflion, er after you shall have feparated Our duty is therefore to act upon these things as they ar, and to make a reafonab e provision for whatever they may be Were armies to be taifed whenever a fpeck of war appeared in our horizon, we never fhould have been with out them. Our refources would have been rxhausted on dangers which have never hap pened, inftead of being referved for what is really to take place. A fteady, perhaps a quickened pace, in preparation for the defence of our fea-port towns and waters, an early fettlement of the most expofed and vul. nerable parts of our country, a militia fo orga nifed that its effective portions can be called to any point in the union, or volunteers inftead of them, to ferve a fufficient time, are means which may always be ready, yet never preying on our refources until actually called into ufe They will maintain the public in terefts, while a more permanent force fhall be in a courfe of preparation. But much will depend on the promptitude with whcih thefe means can be brought into activity. If war be forced upon us, in fpite of our long and vain appeals to the juftice of nations, rapid and vigorous movements in its outfet, will go far towards fecuring us in its courfe and iffue, and towards throwing its burthens on thofe who render neceffary the refort from reafon to force. The refult of our negotiations, or fuch in. cidents in their courfe as may enable us to in fer their probable iflue; fuch further movements alfo, on our western frontier as may thew whether war is to be preffed there, while negotiation is protracted elsewhere, shall be communicated to you from time to time, as they become known to me; with whatever other information I may poffefs or may receive, which may aid your deliberations on the great national intereits committed to your charge. THOMAS JEFFERSON. INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES AND DEATHS IN AND NEAR LONDON, AGRAND fuite of apartments, upon a magnificent scale, has been recently erected in Argyle-street, for the laudable purpose of radering the amufe nents of the rich and great conducive to the intereft of the Fine Arts, and the Profellors of Science and Tatte. At these rooms, an affembly of perfons of rank and dit nction is to be formed, for a certain Dumber of nights in the feafon, with perform en calculated to gratify a tasteful audience. A fer o. apartments, fitted up for the harmonic dinners of their Royal Highnefies the Prince of Wales and the Duke of Cambridge, are to be opened, daily, for the ufe of a Belles Lettres Society, which is about to be citablished at this place, compofed of gentlemen who patron.ze the Fine Arts. In other fets eros, all the Daily Papers, Magazines, and interelling publications, will be found, for the ute of the ladies and gentlemen, fubfcribers to the inftitution. This plan, though sted at all the principal places on the Conrest, is entirely new to this metropolis, and is fomewhat fimilar to the fubicriptionTeams at the watering-places; except, indeed, that la the prefrat establishment, the most Arugulons care will be adopted to preferve a very felect company, and fuch artifts as are defirous of expofing to critical examination fuperior works of skill, on application to the Committee, will have their wishes gratified, as genius and talent, of every delcription, will here find encouragement and fupport, This establishment will differ effentially from any other in London, and embraces a greater variety of objects of public utility and amuse ment. Great judgment has been displayed in the arrangement of the building; the ceilings and walls of which are emblematically paint. cd and decorated, in a very fuperior manner, A handsome orcheftra, which occupies one ed of the large room, is fo contrived, as to be convertible, in two hours, into an elegant little stage, fufficiently capacious for all the purposes of private theatricals. At the other end, boxes are conftructed for the ufe of his Royal Highnets the Prince of Wales, their Royal Highneffes the Dukes of York, Suffex, and Cambridge, who are fubicabers and pa trons to the fubfcription parties This ntitution, which promiles to unite refinement with amulement, and utility with tafte, is already fupported by a numerous list of the first rank and character in the kingdom. The PRIZE CATTLE. The Oxen, &c. to the owners of which Prizes were lately adjudged by the Smithfield Club, as mentioned at page 596 of our last Number, when flaughtered and weighed, produced as follows, viz. Mr. George Dodd's, 23 months old... The General Bill of all the Christenings and Burials, in London, from Dec. 17, 1805, to Dec. 16, 1806, is as follows: Christened in the 97 parishes within the walls, 1121-Buried, 1152. Chriftened in the 17 parishes without the walls, 4763-Burials, 3673. Christened in the out-parishes in Middlefex and Surry, 9734.-Buried, 7842. Christened in the 10 parishes in the City and Liberties of Westminster, 4762.-Buried, 5271. Chriftened, Males, 10,452-Females, 9928. Furied, Males, 9215-Females, 8793.- It is recommended, with a view to complete the new improvements at Westminster on a grand feale, to pull down St. Margaret's Church, and re-build it on the weft live of the new opening. That church, in its prefent fituation, excludes the view of the magnificent chapel of Henry the Seventh, and part of the eaft end of Westminster Abbey, for which it offers no fubftitute, not being itfelf, externally, a grand or beautiful edifice. It does not feem, however, very likely that, at the prefent time, this advice will be taken, fince it is only within these three or four years that no less than 12,000! have been expended in refitting the interior of this church, which is the place of worship attended on public occafions by the House of Commons. 5405 1782 Eighty and ninety.. Ninety and a hundred. A hundred ... 2 A hundred and four.. 1 Increase in the Burials this year, 303. gentleman, |