ST. JAMES'S PARK.

"In the time of King Henry the Eighth," says a note to Dr. King's Poems, in Chalmer's collection, the Park wa wild wet field; but that prince, on building St. Janes's Palace, enclosed it, laid it out in walks, and, colleving the waters together, gave to the new enclosed und and new-raised buildings the name of St. James's. was much enlarged by Charles the Second, who added oit several fields, planted it with rows of lime-trees, laid at the Mall, formed the canal with a decoy, and other pands for water-fowl. The lime-trees or tilia, whose blooms are uncommonly fragrant, were probably planted in consequence of a suggestion of Mr. Evelyn, in his Funifugiam, published in 1661." Charles II. was very fond of the Park. His habit of walking there, attended by his dogs, both sad and merry. has been noticed before. His ducks, which he also amused imself with feeding, inhabited a spot called Duck Island, rbich was erected into a "government," in order to fursh the French exile and wit, St. Evremond, with a ension. Bird-cage walk must not be forgotten, which as an aviary of Charles's raising, and retains its appellation.

in books of fifty and a hundred years back, if you meet with a hungry gentleman who did not know where to get a dinner, you always find him sitting or. a bench in he Park. Others generally accompany him, most of hom are politicians. Bickerstaff meets here his acuaintance the upholsterer, who lets his affairs run to ruin his zeal for the King of Sweden.

It would appear from novels, that the Park enjoyed some rivilege from arrest. In Fielding's Amelia, the hero en walks in the Mall, when he can go nowhere else. aring the existence of the old Cathedral of St. Paul's, he inside of that church was the resort of the hungry; o, in allusion to a tomb supposed to contain the body Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, gave rise to the saying f dining with Duke Humphrey. The Mall is so called from the game of Mall, to which Valler alludes. Charles II. transferred it from Pall-mall. In a house looking into Mr. Bentham's garden, in Sird-cage-walk, lived Milton. The front of it is in Yorktreet, and, without being the ancient one, is in a very qualid condition. The Horse-guards was in a poor condition in the time Charles. The stables looked like the open corridors of Fold inn; and a toy of a building, with a staircase out de, appears to have been the guard-house. These conlusions are drawn from the print in Pennant.

THE TOILET OF A ROMAN LADY. (From the News of Literature and Fashion.)

teeth they lost with false ones, which were fastened with
gold. To heal or prevent chaps in the lips, they rubbed
them with the inside of a sheep-skin, covered with a gall-
nut ointment, or what was better still, with the ashes of
a burnt mouse, mixed with fennel root.

The teeth being cleaned, a third class of slaves ap-
peared to colour the eye-lashes, eye brows, and hair, ac-
cording to the age or taste of the lady.

and which is received and acknowledged in a manner which trikes me as being a touch of the SUBLIME.

MY DEAREST ANGELINA!-Words cannot adequately convey any just idea of the extreme pleasure communicated to me this morning, by the receipt of your anxiously-expected and much-esteemed letter. Believe me, dear Angelina, you have

placed me upon the highest pinnacle of earthly happiness; The last part of the operation of the toilet ended, a and the consummation of human bliss is fully realised in your slave spread a red pomade on the lips of her mistress, to consenting to be mine! Mine! ecstatic thought: that excelheighten their freshness and bloom, whilst another pre-lence so great should fall to the lot of one so unworthy and sented a round mirror, ornamented with precious stones, undeserving of its possession. But, dearest girl, in return I and held by a handle of mother-of-pearl; which mirror, give you-give! did I say? I was wrong; for I have not the from the want of glass, was formed of a composition of power of bestowing that which has been long and indisputably several metals, to which was given an exquisite polish. yours,-a heart, most sincerely and altogether devoted to your They were sometimes so large as to reflect the person from future comfort and felicity. This may appear the effusion of a head to foot. heated imagination, and the evanescent workings of a giddy and unrestrained passion; but thus, deliberately, do I commit to paper, the solemn asseveration of being alike devotedly, faithfully, and unalterably yours, amidst the smiles or the frowns of fortune, in the joyous days of healthy vigour, or when oppressed by the palid hue of a sickly countenance. I count the minutes until the time arrives which shall banish anticipation, and crown me with the fruition of the darling of my soul. Oh, that I could dream away the interval of painful suspense!

Correspondence.

MR. PUTNAM'S RECITATIONS.

scribed within the bounds of control, I subscribe myself,

With a glowing ardour of affection, scarcely to be circum

Dearest Angelina,

Most affectionately and inviolably thine,

GRAMMATICAL QUERIES.

TO THE Editor. arrival of our old friend Mr. Putnam in Liverpool, and it SIR,-It was with much pleasure that I heard of the was with equal grief that I found, on repairing to his room, on Monday evening, that his audience consisted but of very few individuals. It has occurred to me since, that the cause of there being so small an assemblage might be, that his readings and recitations, alone, are not sufficient to attract the attendance of those persons who have had the advantage of a good education; and who think, We last week expressed our expectation that the ques at least, (however erroneous may be their idea) that tion of the lovers' quarrels would speedily be adjusted. they are capable of reading quite well enough already. This, however, does not seem likely to be the case; as we At the same time, these very persons, who, perhaps, have no fewer than five champions in the field this week. would form the most respectable part of any audi. As we observed before, "You all are right, and all are ence, would gladly go to hear some good remarks on wrong." Those who justify such phrases as "The quaroratory and composition, and to receive a lesson on rels of lovers is the renewal of love," quote strong authoeloquence. I should think that a lecture on rhetoric rities in their favour; but for our own parts we incline and philology, calculated to improve the style and form in this controversy towards the opinion of Anti-Barbarus, the taste, would be more likely to attract the hearing who argues very correctly, and upon the principles of of those who are desirous of obtaining improvement common sense. Whether the expression may or may not, from listening to any public speaker. Supposing he strictly speaking, be allowable, it is certainly in bad taste were to deliver a lecture, in which were to be intro- to adopt any phraseology, the accuracy of which is doubted duced remarks on eloquence in general, giving some by men of education; especially when, by inversion of A woman of quality, on leaving her bed, which she illustration, as far as it could be obtained, of Greek the words, or by substituting another sentence, all amually did about ten or eleven o'clock, repaired to her and Roman eloquence, with a remark or two upon biguity may be avoided. This may readily be done in ach. After remaining there for some time, where she the eloquence of the pulpit and bar, pointing out the case under consideration, as is clearly shown by Antias carefully rubbed with a pumice-stone, she came forth the various rules for composition, and the necessary con- Barbarus. We are not apt to quote Cobbett's grammar, pass into the hands of the cosmetes. These cometes were duct of a discourse or any other studied production. Giv- because whatever may be its merit in point of perspicuity. ves, who possessed many secrets for preserving the skin complexion, and who derived this name from the ing also a nice description of the argumentative and the we particularly dislike it for its vulgarity and personal Feet word Kosmos, which signifies beauty. pathetic. Blendid with this, he could perhaps point out allusions. It is a work which we should never allow to The moment she left the bath, a sort of cataplasm, in- some errors and corrections in pronunciation and delivery. be put into the bands of any child of ours; because, whatented by the Empress Poppa, was applied to her face, I do not propose these remarks because I think Mr. Puthich he took off only when she went abroad, or on the nam's system at present uninteresting, but that I think it reflection, we are decidedly averse to impressing political ever may be our own political opinions, formed on mature frival of a stranger; so that the poor husband could never his his wife without her features being covered with rather defective in point of variety. It must be allowed, dogmas upon the youthful mind before it can possibly mak, which she often replaced in the evening, to pre- indeed, that his is a most amusing and instructive as well as comprehend their justice or propriety. No child of ours her face throughout the night from the contact of the elegant and superior entertainment. But I do think that shall, therefore, have access to a book which appears were he to commence his evening amusement with a lecAson as she began her toilet, a slave removed it, and ture of the kind I have just mentioned, and conclude with better calculated for the bear-garden thanthe nursery. hed her face with a sponge steeped in asses milk, whilst the endeavoured to give to the skin all possible fresh- some of the recitations, he would be much more likely to by rubbing it, according to Pliny, with the ashes of have his room filled; the which, that he may have, no nais, or of large ants, burnt and bruised in salt, with one is more desirous, or in his success would more heartily oney in which the bees had been smothered, with the rejoice, than, Yours, &c. at of a pullet with onions, and lastly, with the fat of a 43, to which they attributed the property of removing wrinkles. Her next care was to efface any red spots, with pite of woollen cloth, steeped in oil of roses, and to reove freckles with a scraping of sheepskin, mixed with e honey of Corsica, to which was sometimes added the der of frankincense.

This operation finished, a third slave approached, proded with a pair of pincers, with which she mercilessly cked even the minutest hairs from the face of her This duty of the toilet over, that of the teeth comd. When fresh water was found insufficient to ease them, they were rubbed with grated pumice-stone, marble dust, a method still employed. The use of thbrushes was known at that period; and the coquettes the time, like those of the present day, replaced the

CORYDON.

A TOUCH OF THE SUBLIME.

TO THE EDITOR.

The perspicuity of this writer is admitted, however; and as there is nothing in the passage which we shall quote about Castlereagh, Sidmouth, Oliver, borough villanies, den of thieves, &c. we shall venture to transcribe it in

a note.-Edit. Kal.

"The verb to be sometimes comes between two nouns of different numbers. The great evil is the borough-debt.' In this instance there is nothing to embarrass us; because eril and borough-debi are both in the singular: but, the great evil SIR,-Doubtless many lovers sigh (if they do not read) is the taxes,' is not so clear of embarrassment. The embarover your columns; and I have just met with something rassment is the same when there is a singular noun on ore side, and two or more singulars or plurals on the other side: so suitable to their taste, that I shall take the trouble of as the curse of the country is the profligacy, the rapacity, transcribing it; and I think you will have no hesitation to the corruption of the law-makers, the base subserviency of comfort them by its insertion, which will be an assurance the administrators of the law, and the frauds of the makers of that you are not wholly averse to an occasional participa-paper-money. Now, we mean, here, that these things coastition in their feelings.

The following epistle is in answer to a letter, conveying that summum bonum of a lover's happiness,-a consent;

tute or form, or make up a curse. We mean that the curse consists of these things; and, if we said this, there would be no puzzling. The evil is the taxes: that is, the taxes constitute the evil; but we cannot say the evil are the taxes;' nor

can we say, that'the curse are these things.' Avoid, then, the use of the verb to be in all such cases. Say the curse of the country consists of, or arises from, or is produced by. Dr. Blair, in his 19th Lecture, says, a feeble, a harsh, or an obscure style, are always faults. The or required the singular verb is, but faults required are. If he had put is and faulty, there would have been no doubt of his being correct: but, as the sentence now stands, there is great room for doubt, and, that, too, as to more than one point, for fault means defect, and a style, which is a whole, cannot well be called a defect, which meansa want of goodness in a part. Feebleness, harshness, obscurity, are faults; but, to call the style itself, to call the whole thing a fault, is more than the Doctor meant. The style may be faulty, and yet it may not be a fault. The Doctor's work is faulty; but, surely the work is not a fault!"

TO THE EDITOR.

better know the meaning of the word ira than to call it another version of your correspondent's lines; I am not suf
quarrels. He most probably relied too much upon the trans- ficiently master of the genius of the Greek language to trans
lation given of it in the Latin grammar. If he will search his late Greek verse, in the sense in which L. W. uses the word
dictionary, he will find that ire signifies not a quarrel, but translation, and if L. W. be, or if he be able to judge correctly
the cause or effect of the quarrel, viz. anger; and anger, hav- of the translation of Greek verse, especially epigrammatic
ing a passive signification, or, in other words, being some-lines, he is one out of about twenty in the United Kingdom,
thing felt, rather than something done, it would be imma- that is, using translation in the sense in which he uses it; for
terial whether the word was used in the singular or in the to be able to read every Greek tragedian is one thing, and to be
plural number; for, in translating it into English, he cannot, master of the genius of the language is quite another.
with propriety, say angers.
Yours,
ASHTONIAN
Ashton-under-Lyne, Sept. 16.

In answer to L. W. I beg leave to say, that, as I favoured
him with a rule from an English grammar, he might have
returned the favour; (I excuse him, however, if he wished
to show his learning, or expected to enforce his statements
by displaying his knowledge of the Latin grammar.) But if
he could not find one, perhaps he will give me leave to refer
him to one. Let him look in Murray's grammar, at the 4th
note on the first rule in syntax, which he will find to be as
SIR,-Being a constant reader of your amusing miscellany, follows-"When a verb comes between two nouns, either
I was not a little surprised, at seeing Englishmen seriously of which may be understood as the subject of the affirmation, it
ask each other, whether they ought to say quarrels are, or may agree with either of them." Now, the passage quoted
quarrels is! and my surprize increased, when I perceived from the New Testament, viz." The wages of sin is death,"
that classical scholars sided with the singular, because the is perfectly agreeable to this rule. It would be equally cor-
phrase was translated from Terence: this reason does not rect, and the sentence would be equally distinct, if the latter
appear conclusive to me. In the first place, may there not substantive be considered as the subject of the verb, "Death
be a slip of the style in the original? and were not the Ro- is the wages of sin." But it would be extremely absurd to
mans liable to mistakes as well as other people? If a verb say, "The renewing of love is the quarrels of lovers."
between two nominatives can be made to agree with either,
In reply to one of your correspondents, who, according to
it is also allowable to suppress the verb entirely in the sen-
the method of calculation among the Greeks, ranks himself
tentious mood; and this would certainly have been prefer- in No. 4, I shall simply say, that I not only did, but still do,
able in the present case. Secondly, what has the English consider "The quarrels of lovers is the renewing of love" an
syntax to do with the Latin? If the translation of the verb imperfect sentence. Can any person for a single moment
must needs be literal, why not say quarrelling instead of quar- admit, that the actual quarrels of lovers "is" the actual re-
rels: but it can no more be right to say quarrels is, than it is newing of love The "renewing of love" may be a consequence
correct to say we was; and no Eaton professor, nay, not even of the " quarrels of lovers;" but I think that no person in
a whole university, can make that to be right what is radi- his senses will say, after due reflection, that "The quarrels
cally wrong. The wages of sin prove nothing, for the word of lovers is the renewing of love: but death is in reality the
wages has no singular, and it may be left to the taste of a wages of sin, and not the result or consequence of them (the
writer how he will use it, although it would certainly be bet-wages.) I think the learned Grecian would be greatly ridi-
ter to avoid all equivocation by using a different turn of the culed, and laughed at, were he to assert, that, at the very
phrase, or by employing another word, such as pay, salary, moment when lovers are quarrelling, they are renewing their
reward, consequence, or any other that gives the correct
meaning of the sentence. Mr. L. W. quotes the verse in ques-
I think, therefore, that, by reference to the note and rule
tion, as if St. Paul himself had translated it into English; above mentioned, any inquirer will be convinced of the im-
but I can assure your correspondent that the version is not propriety of using the word is, in the following sentence,
the apostle's own; and that, in other languages, the dis-"The quarrels of lovers is the renewing of love".-Yours, &c.
crepance has been avoided by the use of suitable words.

Men of learning ought particularly to refrain from sanetioning uncouth expressions; for, although they may finally be received, they never form the ornamental part of a language. 4 means, for instance, will always have an awkward appearance, in spite of the high authorities which have established its legitimacy.

Common sense and general grammar equally require, that when a sentence has two nominatives the verb should agree with the nominative which takes the lead; and we say very properly, "Their food was acorns and berries;" or, "Acorns and berries were their food:" but we should be neither correct nor intelligible if we were to say, "The renewal of love is the quarrels of lovers". Quod erat demonstrandum.—Yours, ANTI-BARBARUS.

&e.

Liverpool, 15th September, 1824

love.

September 15th, 1824.

L. K.
N. B. I am aware that in the English version of the Latin
quotation, at the end of the grammar referred to by two
correspondents in the last number, the word "ire" is trans-
lated quarrels," which, however, I should not consider of
any moment, in such a case as the present; since it is well
known that great liberties are used in that translation, and I
think few would hesitate to declare Ainsworth's Latin Diction
ary a higher authority.

TO THE EDITOR.

DOCTI INDOCTI QUE SCRIBIMUS—Horace.

SIR, L. W. seems to be a sort of critic general, and, as it behoves critics to look sharp after one another, let me request you to place the apostrophe, or mark of the genitive case, in scholar's, before the s, as I presume that you only correspond with one Westminster scholar at once. After setting that right, I have to say to L. W. that, because "amantium iræ amoris integratio est" is elegant Latin, it does not follow that the to call it elegant English is to abuse the columns of your miscellany. I know that it is good English; but it is not so because the est in the Latin sentence is good Latin; it is the non Now, without stopping to dispute whether or not this be sequitur to which I wish to pin your attention. As well might sufficient authority whereon to determine the wager, I will it be said that "he me strikes" is elegant English, because venture to assert, that it would be better English, and less "il me frappe" is elegant French. To attempt to prove that grating to the English ear to say "the quarrelling of lovers is any phrase is good English, by a literal translation of it into the renewing of love;" thus making the words "the quarrel-Latin, or into any other language, is the worst possible way ling of lovers" the nominative case to the verb, according to the rule, "Sometimes a sentence is the nominative case to a yerb." September 9, 1824.

TO THE EDITOR. SIR,-The person who wagered on the grammatical construction of the sentence given in No. 217 of the Kaleidoscope, evidently relied on a rule in the Latin syntax, well known to every schoolboy, viz. that "a verb placed between two nominative cases of different numbers may agree with either" quarrels of lovers is the renewal of love" is good English; for of them," for the very sentence in dispute is there quoted from Terence, in exemplification of that rule, viz.: "Amantium ira amoris integratio est."

TO THE EDITOR.

WENGER.

SIR,-Iam surprised to find that, of the three correspondents who have done me the honour to contradict my opinion, concerning the grammatical query, which has so often appeared in the Kaleidoscope, not one has brought forward a single argument of weight, or, indeed, any argument at all. What M.'s letter (which has not yet been inserted) may contain, I cannot pretend to divine; but we shall see the approaching week, as we are given to expect it in the next number.

of reasoning that can be applied to the subject; it is a most
ambiguous criterion, and will, in many instances, lead L. W.
into writing prime nonsense: besides, this mode of trying the
question is beyond the comprehension of many of your readers
(especially the ladies) who are good English grammarians,
which a Latin and Greek scholar very seldom is, or L.W.

would, perhaps, not have put the following into print, in a
letter of criticism;-" He hopes few of your readers are igno-
rant of the first rule of syntax." Now, if L. W. will apply his
own rule of proof to this (bad as that rule is) he will find out
where the error in his English lines; and

"Tu ne cede malis sed contra audentior ito.”

St. Paul did not speak English, and in the Greek σr is unIt is my opinion that your correspondent, who signs Aderstood, Ta yag i‡ávia tãs aμagτias bávaтos. I Schoolboy, has not yet learned much at school, or he would did not offer my lines as a translation of the Greek, but as

P. S.-I may have worded my motto out of order, but I quote from memory only, having scribbled this, en pauast, at Oldham, brave Oldham!

TO THE EDITOR.

SIR,I have lately seen in your Kaleidoscopes, numerous letters upon the propriety of saying "the quarrels of lovers is the renewal of love ;" and as I do not think that any of these have argued rightly, I beg leave to say, that in my opinion, it is perfectly grammatical to say either that "the quarrels of lovers is the renewal of love," or that "the quarrels of lovers are the renewal of love."

love? to which I answer it is the quarrels of lovers: then let In the first instance let it be asked, what is the renewal of it be asked what are the quarrels of lovers?-they are the renewal of love. I am, therefore, of opinion that it is optional what number be used; but I think that it is far the best plan to avoid any sentence of this nature, as it has an awkward and unnatural sound,-Yours,

NONNULLUS,

To Correspondents.

Ashtonian is informed, that we have shown his letter to the

translator of the Greek epigram, who wishes to say, in m swer to a question contained therein, that he makes the word μvay the genitive plural from peva-libra, which, if Ashtonian chooses to refer to his Latin dictionary, he wil find to mean a pound. But he wonders why our corres pondent supposes it to come from provs (a hair) which supposition was much more unintelligible when he found, that though Ashtonian was of opinion it came from this word, yet he himself, in his own translation of the epigram, makes use of the word POUNDS.-Ashtonian's letter in the present Kaleidoscope, was printed from so very indistinct a manuscript, that there were some passages wholly illegible. THE EARLDOM OF CHESTER.-The article thus styled in our 99th page has been introduced in consequence of the epl taph upon Hugh Lupas, in the fourth volume of the Esiri doscope, page 58.

THE FINE ARTS.-We regret that the observations of 8.
the first letter of 4 Connoisseur did not reach us in time fit
insertion in our present publication.
Adolescence shall be attended to.
GRAMMATICAL QUERIES-If we had not this day presenta
our readers with a supplemental sheet, we certainly should
have apologized for having devoted so much of the Ka
doscope to the dispute which the phrase "Amantium ira,
&c. has produced. Not that we consider the discussion
such a subject either dull or unprofitable: on the contrary
we are of opinion that when persons of education differ
materially upon a point like that under consideration,
ought, if possible, to be ascertained which of two diametr
cally opposite phrases is correct. Our numerous corres
pondents will perceive that we have quoted Cobbett's opéanci
on the disputed point.

We have further to acknowledge the favours of J. B. and
demicus on the same subject.

The continuation of L'Hermite en Italie, and L. Men's trabalh tion of Procrastination, in our next.

ULVERSTON-The request of S. has been attended to; a our subscribers in the neighbourhood of Ulverston are formed, that the Kaleidoscope of August 31 may now be ha

of the Agent.

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No. 222.-VOL. V.

Men and Manners

NO. XXVI.

FLORENCE.—Continued.

PROM L'HERMITE EN ITALIE, THE LATEST WORK OF M. JOUY. [Translated expressly for the Kaleidoscope.]

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1824.

Among the remarkable churches of Florence, that of the Annunciada deserves attention. The chapel of the Virgin, which it contains, is formed of a gilt grating, of curious and laborious workmanship, and is about ten feet long, and five broad. The altar of the Virgin is entirely covered with plates of silver. An enormous lamp of massive gold, of about six feet in circumference, is suspended from the roof, and is surrounded by twenty-four smaller lamps, and twenty-four vases of flowers, of massive silver, the chain of each lamp being of the same metal as that of the lamp to which it is appended. The Virgin, richly adorned with diamonds and precious stones, is placed above the altar. So great is the devotion of the Florentines to their Madonna, that they would have risen in insurrection, had the French, on their entrance into Florence, attempted to carry away the smallest of her jewels. The latter had respect to their superstition, and left untouched even the precious lamp of gold, and its splendid ornaments. Low mass is performed in this chapel every day; on the festivals of the Virgin the interior of the chapel is entirely occupied by the officiating priests.

The other churches and convents are ornamented by paintings of the first masters, and by justly celebrated mosaics and sculptures.

Near the centre of the town there is a small church, dedicated to St. Martin, whose congregation take upon themselves the care of providing for the poor who are shamed to beg. On the right hand of a street immediately behind it may be seen the vestiges of one of the square towers so numerous in Florence. It is the house which was inhabited by Dante. The front of it is furnished with large projecting stones, by means of which, during the time of the Guelphs and Gibelins, the inhabilants who were of the same party used to establish bridges of planks between their houses, from the top of Which they threw down stones upon their enemies. The church of the Holy Ghost, constructed on the design of Brunelescho, may be considered as the model of the intermediate style between that of Arnolfo di Lapo, the architect of the cathedral, and that of Bramante, who, *short time afterwards, shed so much light upon his art. This beautiful monument, of which the portal has never been finished, is built of brown stone, in the form of the Latin cross, and is surmounted by a dome.

The nave is divided into three parts, each of which forms a long portico supported by Corinthian pillars, Composed of a single piece of marble, and united together by semi-circular arches. The entablatures on the capitals of each column, though perhaps not in the purest taste, add much to the richness and elegance of these colondes. Above the cornices are long galleries, lighted by windows of an oblong form: the only Gothic win in this edifice is that which lights the nave, orna

rge

mented with a roof of curiously carved wood. At the
bottom of the church are two large archivaults, from the
middle of which rises the cupola. This little dome is in
bad taste, and, by the richness of the stones of which it is
composed, reminds one of the puerile splendour of the
Charter-house of Pavia. The church of Santo Spirito,
built of dark stone, but pure in style, and correct in de-
sign, is an admirable piece of architecture; all its chapels,
which are merely deep niches hollowed in the walls, are
ornamented with care; in several of them may be seen
the works of Giotto and Brouzino.

PRICE 34d

At a short distance from him may be seen Arnolfo di Lapo, the architect of the Cathedral, and Petrarch, with whom he was intimately acquainted. The painter has selected the beautiful Laura from the other women who surround her to personify Pleasure; and that no doubt may be entertained of this, he has represented a flame issuing from her bosom. The church of Santa Maria Novella abounds in paintings characteristic of the period at which it was built. In one of the chapels may be seen representations of Paradise and of Hell. The latter is the work of Orcagna, the architect of the famous lodge situated in the square of the Grand Duke.

We must not leave the church of Santa Maria without mentioning a large demi-cupola, immediately above the principal altar. All its walls are painted by Dominico Ghirlandaio, an artist remarkable for the simplicity of his style. On one side he has represented the life of St. John the Baptist, on the other that of the Virgin. Most of his personages are portraits, a branch of the art in which he particularly excelled. In the life of the Virgin there is a figure of a young person of fifteen years of age, in whose countenance the graces of early youth are expressed with much delicacy and truth. In the picture near this, the eye is attracted by a group of four persons conversing together, one of which is the portrait of Pelitieu, famous for his learning and poetic genius, another that of Marsile Fiein in his canon's habit.

Santa Maria Novella, of the Dominicans, abounds in precious rarities în sculpture, painting, and mosaic. Near it there is an old chapel whose walls are ornamented by the works in fresco of two celebrated painters, of the thirteenth century, Thadeo Gaddi, and Memmi. The first has represented Saint Thomas surrounded by angels, prophets and evangelists. Heretics are prostrated at the feet of the Saint, and the virtues and sciences, represented under the figures of women, form his retinue. The most remarkable are the personification of the Civil Law with Justinian, that of the Canon Law with a Pope, Charity with Saint Augustin, Hope with Jean Damascene, Arithmetic with Pythagoras, and Logic with Aristotle. In other parts of the church may be seen, by the hand of the same painter, the Navigation of Saint Peter, the Resurrection of Christ, the Ascension, and finally the Descent of the Holy Ghost. Memmi painted the two principal walls on the right and on the left. On one he has represented the Militant Church, on the other the Triumphant Church. The latter, interesting merely as a specimen of art, consists entirely of long retinues of saints, bishops, and angels, all in a state of perfect tranquillity. The other merits more particular attention; without any regard to the laws of perspective, the figures are placed in files one above another, forming three zones connected together at the extremities. At the bottom, the painter has placed upon seats the great ecclesiastical and secular dignitaries, among whom are An edifice worthy of being visited by all travellers is Pope Benedict the Eleventh, and the Emperor, with a train the chapel of the Medici, adjoining to the church of Saint of Cardinals and Princes. Behind them appears the Ca- Laurent. It contains the tombs of the Archdukes of that thedral of Florence, such as it was designed by Arnolfo di family. If this chapel, which, although ancient, is in an Lapo. Before the Pope, there is a flock of lambs sleeping unfinished state, were completed, it would be one of the under the guardianship of a number of black and white most magnificent monuments in Florence. Its form is dogs, representing the Dominicans, who are defending spherical, and it is about a hundred feet high, and two them from the attacks of the heretics, represented by hundred in circumference. The windows are contiguous wolves. In the front of the picture there are several per- to the roof, and open laterally; they diffuse a light sonages advancing towards the right hand to unite them-suitable to the solemnity of the last dwelling of the selves with the second zone of figures, composed of a group sovereigns of Tuscany. Every town in the government of people of all conditions, abandoning themselves to the pleasures of the table and of music.

Near the boundary of the earth is represented the tribunal of Penitence, where a crowd of sinners appear confessing themselves to a Dominican friar; they then ascend to a separate territory, where they are welcomed by the angels with open arms. The third zone is contiguous to the roof, and represents the Almighty and Jesus Christ, surrounded by a crowd of angels and saints. The personages in front of the picture, as forming a part of the inhabitants of the earth, are by no means the least interesting portion of the work. Memmi has there represented himself. A certain personage with a long thin face and red beard, wearing on his head a white hood, is la Cimabue

In one of the chapels of Santa Maria reposes the body of Saint Antony; in another is the tomb of Pic de la Mirandole. Last of all should be visited the laboratory, in which the reverend fathers fabricate and sell the most exquisite perfumes, composed of the rarest productions of Asia and Europe. They sell also small phials of alkermes, and excellent cordials and stomachics of various kinds. They thus assure to their house a considerable revenue, as every phial, containing about four small glasses, is sold at twenty-four French sous.

has a pillar in the chapel of the Medici, appropriated to itself, and bearing its arms and name. All these pillars are incrustated with porphyry, agate, oriental granite, jasper, calcedony, and other precious stones. Behind each of them, and close to the wall, which is also invested with precious stones, is the superb tomb of one of the Archdukes, surmounted by colossal statues in bronze. This chapel is constructed behind the choir of the church of Saint Laurent. It is opened for the inspection of the curious by the sexton.

La Pergola is the finest theatre in Florence. The interior is spacious, and the proportions of its dimensions are advantageous to the sound of the voice. rows of boxes are ornamented in front with draperies of

The six

rich and variously coloured stuffs. În an arch, at a con- through the crowd, which, as it opened to receive them,
siderable distance above the orchestre, there is an opening and again closed immediately behind them, formed a sort
through which appears successively a series of Roman of floating circle, that appeared to follow them in their
figures to indicate the hour, rendered apparent by means of course. When the race was over, the victorious horse was
an interior light. On the opposite side, and immediately led in triumph through the streets by its master, sur-
above the principal box of the sovereign, rises a gilt cross, rounded by a crowd of figures in black masks, and preceded
of about three feet in height. The orchestre is numerous by a troop of almost naked children, bearing a yellow flag.
and brilliant. The seats in the pit are occupied both by Night came on, and I found myself dragged along by the
men and women. The boxes are sufficiently spacious to multitude to the bridge della Caraia, where the separation
contain large parties, who, during the performance, are of the road into two streets, by dividing the crowd, per-
usually engaged in conversation, which they interrupt only mitted every one to take his own course. I passed by the
to listen to the air. During the carnival the masked Palazzo Vecchio, and as my eye wandered mechanically
figures in the boxes set no restraint upon their merriment, over its threatening tower, and gloomy battlements, be-
and are continually running from box to box. Most of tween which are painted the escutcheons of all the families
the masked women wear long black silk dominos without who have successively influenced the fate of Florence, a
hoods, and caps of hair or black silk, without either crowns vague idea presented itself to my mind of its former tu-
or plaits, nearly as large as those of our grenadiers. This mults and grandeur, so strangely contrasted with its pre-
disguise authorizes them to appear alone in the boxes, or sent state of calmness, and the frivolity of its inhabitants.
even to place themselves in the pit by the side of strangers. I stopped a few moments before the David of Michel An-
Spectators in the pit are much annoyed during the carni- gelo, as the light of the moon shone upon it, and perceived
val, by the smell of meats and wines proceeding from the on my right hand the lion of Donnatello, one of the most
boxes, as they do not allow themselves similar indulgences. ancient sculptors of Florence. This statue is in a style
Another great inconvenience is the perpetual buzz of con- bordering on the gothic, and the bronze lion, the first
versation kept up in the boxes, the immoderate bursts of emblem of the city of Florence, seems, by its gloomy and
laughter, the clapping of hands, and tinkling of instru-downcast look, to be aware, that the period of his glory is
ments used by the masks. Such is the want of order and no more.
tranquillity on the evenings of the Thursday and three
last Shrove days, that the actors select pieces entirely
without interest, and pay more attention to what is passing

in the boxes and pit, than to their parts. They often

Liverpool.

Fine Arts.

A. W.

tains a pre-eminence in portrait painting; and, from the vast distinction there is between his productions in this line and those of his cotemporaries, he is likely long to do so. The present is one of the best portraits I have seen exhibited in this town by a resident artist, and there are I believe, few in London who could excel it. No. 36 is equally good; but how is it that Mr. M. has not this year gratified the public by producing some historical picture? From the display he last year made, and the intimation since conveyed through the papers, that he had a commis sion for an historical subject, such an one was expected from him; and (judging from myself) I cannot avoid thinking the public feel much disappointed, and are ready to exclaim, with my favourite lyric bard,

"His simple portrait strikes too oft our eyes, Whilst History, anxious for his pencil, sighs," 18. Near Niton, Isle of Wight (S. Austin.) Mr. A has, I perceive, since last year, adopted the study of oi painting, and the present is one of his efforts in oils. It as well as his others, is executed with a clearness, force and brilliancy, that no water-colours can effect. From the rapid improvement this artist is making, I scruple not to prophesy that he may, in time, be one of the first landscape painters of the age. His pictures already rival those of many of the distinguished metropolitan artists, and will, I doubt not, soon surpass them. As a proof of this I would merely refer to his water-coloured sketches (which having been his first study, of course he will, as yet, b most proficient in) No. 59, Market Boats, and No. 65

laugh and make signs to people off the stage, and such of ON THE LIVERPOOL EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS, &c. / Stacking Hay, which I deen will fully prove my assertion

them as are not engaged in singing, converse with their companions behind the scenes. I have seen an actor standing close to one of the stage boxes, engaged in eating and drinking; and an actress adroitly catch oranges and bonbons, thrown to her by spectators in the second tier of boxes. When I was at Pisa, I generally contrived to form one of a party in the boxes, and eat, drank, and laughed with the rest. The politeness established by custom requires a gentleman, upon the arrival of persons of distinction, or ladies of his acquaintance, to leave his box in order to pay his respects to them.

Those who wish to be exempted from the necessity of observing the usual forms, without being deprived of the pleasures of the carnival, fasten a small piece of white paper in front of their hats. They may then pass their acquaintance either in the street or the drawing-room, without noticing them, and may remain covered in the theatres even in presence of the court. Although they wear no mask, and appear in their usual dress, etiquette requires them to be considered and treated as if in disguise. On the evenings of public balls, which are far more pleasing and entertaining than the opera balls at Paris, the pit is raised to a level with the stage, and the house brilliantly lighted. The comedies of Goldoni are performed three times a week, for the entertainment of children and nurses, by Fantoccini, about three feet in height, in the small theatres del Cocomero and dello pallo a Corda.

Among the number of festivals which contribute to the pleasures of the Florentines, that called the race of free horses holds an important place. Here is the description of one which I witnessed.

The Prato and Bergo d'Ognissanti were covered with an immense crowd, in the midst of which proceeded, in contrary directions, two files of calashes and fine carriages, filled with elegantly-dressed women, and attended by servants in splendid liveries. All the windows were decorated with brilliant hangings of coloured stuffs, and crowded with spectators. By degrees the number of carriages diminished, and preparations were made for the race. At length a profound silence succeeded to the universal hum which prevailed a few moments before; and three beautiful horses, richly ornamented with feathers, and numbered, set out amidst a cloud of dust, and advancing with the rapidity of lightning, formed for themselves a passage

There is a knack in doing many a thing
Which labour cannot to perfection bring;
Therefore, however great in your own eyes,
Pray do not hints from other folks despise.

A fool on something great at times may stumble,
And consequently be a good adviser,

On which for ever your wise men may fumble,
And never be a whit the wiser.

TO THE EDITOR.

SIR, I concluded my last with some remarks on Mr.
Hunt's landscapes, and noticed that the effect of the rain-
bow was visible in No. 152, View in North Wales; this
is a trifling error, as it is in No. 153, Snowdon, immedi-
ately under the one before alluded to.

No. 15. An English Merchantman (R. Solomon.) This
gentleman would be an excellent marine painter, were it
His
not for his very unfortunate choice of colouring.
vessels are well drawn, every spar and every rope being
faithfully delineated; but his pictures, from the dead, flat,
and disagreeable colouring he uses, are entirely destitute
of effect. I would advise him to study the landscapes in
this exhibition where water is introduced; he may find it
of advantage.

No. 16. Themistocles seeking protection from Admetus.
Were it only from the subjects this artist makes choice of,
I should esteem him a man of most enterprising genius,
and any thing I could say that would tend to encourage it I
should consider his due; but he evidently possesses ability,
which, when matured, will rank him high as an historical
painter. The present picture is well designed, and pos-
sesses considerable merit; but the architectural back-
ground is far too imposing. The colouring is likewise a
little heavy and gaudy: the conception is good.-No. 162,
The Mother of Moses parting with her Child (by the same
artist) is a more natural picture than this-the colouring
and general effect being much better; but I cannot admire
the faces of either of the females: that of the mother,
instead of expressing violent grief, bears on it a smile of
tranquillity which is somewhat at variance with the tear-
drop hanging on her cheek. It is, however, a good pic.
ture, and one that does the artist much credit. I would
advise him to abandon portraits, which is evidently not
his forte.

No. 17. Portrait (A. Mosses.) Mr. Mosses still main

21. Dunstanburgh Castle, Northumberland (Rev. W Horner.) As this gentleman is but an amateur painter, i is, perhaps, unfair to criticise his works, as those of a pro fessor; yet, since all who exhibit publicly make themselve liable to criticism, I am persuaded his good sense will pre vent his feeling offence at any remark his productions may elicit. The present picture, though admirably conceived, is far from happy in its execution. The sea, lashing against the tremendous rocks at the base of the castle, instead of appearing as the foaming waves of that element seem to me to have a greater resemblance to large fakes o snow, drifted into an irregular mass; and the sky bear not the awful aspect of a sky in a scene like that depicted How unlike this to his No. 91, The last Summit of th Deluge. The conception of this picture is awfully poet cal; and its sublime grandeur is all that the subject d mands. The exccution is, in every respect, equal to conception. Can more be said of it?

No. 23. Still Life (Evan Williams.) I should wrong were I to pass, unnoticed, this admirable imitati of inanimate objects, though I could have wished to the same talents bestowed on a subject more worthy them. The objects depicted are as complete deceptions the pencil is capable of pourtraying. No. 7. Portrait, the same artist, is masterly, but a little too red in the s dows. I would advise his studying portrait painting, there is little doubt of his success.

No. 25. Tragedy (R. Farrier.) One of the most de lightfully humorous pictures ever exhibited here. T natural and ludicrous expression in the faces of the c dren; the grotesque manner in which they have array themselves; the fright and anger of the mother at see the destruction of her crockery, and the unaffected g humour of the father, who is leaning over to view w parental exultation the innocent gambols of his offsprit are inimitably pourtrayed. The colouring is chaste brilliant, and the whole is finished with a care and tention seldom met with in the works of any of our dern artists. No. 157, by the same artist, claims, if p sible, a greater share of interest than the former Who can behold the innocence and simplicity depicted the lovely Scotch girl, and fail to sympathise with t youth, who, leaning on his fowling-piece, appears earnest in using all his powers of persuasion to induce to forget her Donald, and take him wi' at his siller? The

I

wo pictures are beyond my criticism, and I feel as though could not say sufficient in their praise. The purchaser has secured two rich and valuable gems.

No. 26. Wallow Cragg, Lodore (W. Havell.) I could hare wished to see some more of the admirable producs of this master, though the present sketch is sufficient to show the hand from which it has originated. It

is bold and masterly.

No. 27. Vale of Rivaulx, Yorkshire, (C. Barber.) fine picture, but the execution is not so good as it might be; it wants force.

No. 34 Taking Leave (R. T. Bone.) This artist's enamel pictures are too well known to need any eulogium from me. The present, though an admirable little picture, is not one of his choicest specimens. The figures are well drawn, and the whole is richly coloured with much harmony.

JEMMY DAWSON.

Shenstone's pathetic and affecting ballad of Jemmy Dawson will be admired as long as the English language shall exist. This ballad, which is founded in truth, was taken from a narrative first published in the Parrot of the 2d of August, 1746, three days after the transaction it records. It is given in the form of a letter, and is as follows: had for some time extremely loved, and was equally "A young lady of a good fainily and handsome fortune beloved by, Mr. James Dawson, one of those unhappy gentlemen who suffered on Wednesday last, at Kenning ton Common, for high treason; and had he either been acquitted, or have found the royal mercy after condemna tion, the day of his enlargement was to have been that of their marriage.

"I will not prolong the narrative by any repetition of what she suffered on sentence being passed on him; none, excepting those utterly incapable of feeling any soft or generous emotions, but may easily conceive her agonies; beside, the sad catastrophe will be sufficient to convince you of their sincerity.

Not all the persuasions of her kindred could prevent her from going to the place of execution; she was determined to see the last of a person so dear to her, and ascordingly followed the sledges in a hackney coach, accomfemale friend. She got near enough to see the fire kindled panied by a gentleman nearly related to her, and one which was to consume that heart she knew was so much devoted to her, and all the other dreadful preparations for his fate, without betraying any of those emotions her friends apprehended; but when all was over, and that she found he was no more, she threw her head back into the coach, and ejaculating. My dear, I follow thee! I follow thee! Lord Jesus! receive both our souls together,' fell on the neck of her companion and expired the very moment she had done speaking.

if he has sufficient presence of mind coolly to confront him, without appearance of either terror or aggression, the animal will, in almost every instance, after a little space, retire. The overmastering effect of the human eye upon the lion has been frequently mentioned, though much doubted by travellers; but, from my own inquiries among lion-hunters, I am perfectly satisfied of the fact; Macintosh, proves that this fascinating effect is not reand an anecdote related to me a few days ago by Major stricted to the lion. An officer in India, well known to Amy informant, having chanced to ramble into a jungle, suddenly encountered a Royal Tiger. The rencontre appeared equally unexpected on both sides, and both parties made a dead halt, earnestly gazing on each other. The gentleman had no fire-arms, and was aware that a sword would be no effective defence in a struggle for life with such an antagonist. But he had heard that even the Bengal tiger might be sometimes checked by loooking him firmly in the face. He did so. In a few minutes, the tiger, which appeared prepared to make his final No. 37. Lay of the Last Minstrel (Masquerier.) This creep round upon him behind. The officer turned conspring, grew disturbed-slunk aside-and attempted to is a fine historical picture, and displays a profound know- stantly upon the tiger, which still continued to shrink ledge of the great principles of design, combined with a from his glance; but darting into the thicket, and again just taste and a true eye for colouring; but I must re-issuing forth at a different quarter, it persevered for above mark, that the heads appear to me too small for the length till at last it fairly yielded the contest, and left the gentlehalf an hour in this attempt to catch him by surprize; of the bodies in all the female figures. The energy appa-man to pursue his pleasure walk. The direction he now rent in the harper, and the simplicity of the attendant took, as may be easily believed, was straight to the tents page, combined with the seeming mute attention of all, at double quick time."-After relating several terrific are feelingly portrayed. stories of encounters with lions, the writer concludes his article with one. not quite so fearful, related by Lucas No. 42. Everton Toffee Shop (pencil drawing) Robert Van Vuuren, a Vee Boor, his neighbour at the Bavian's Hargreaves. Evidently the genius of the family sleeps river:-" Lucas was riding across the open plains about not in him. This pencil sketch is good, and partakes of daybreak, and observing a lion at a distance, he endeathat spirited touch so visible in the drawings of his in-voured to avoid him by making a circuit. Lucas soon perceived that he was not disposed to let him pass without The excessive grief which the force of her resolution further parlance, and that he was rapidly approaching to had kept smothered within her breast, is thought to have the encounter, and being without his roer (rifle) and other-put a stop to the vital motion, and suffocated at once all wise little inclined for any closer acquaintance, he turned the animal spirits. off at right angles-laid the sambok freely to his horse's flank, and gallopped for life. The horse was fagged, and bore a heavy man on his back; the lion was fresh, and furious with hunger, and came down upon him like a thunderbolt! In a few seconds he overtook Lucas, and springing up behind him, brought horse and man in an instant to the ground. Luckily the boor was unhurt, and the lion was too eager in worrying the horse to pay any immediate attention to the rider. Hardly knowing himself how he escaped, he contrived to scramble out of the fray, and made a clean pair of heels of it till he reached the nearest house. Lucas, who gave me the details of this adventure himself, made no observations on it as being any way remarkable, except in the circumstance of the lion's audacity in pursuing a "Christian man" without provocation in open day! But what chiefly vexed him in the affair was the loss of the saddle. He returned next day with a party of friends to take vengeance on his feline foe; but both the lion and saddle had disappeared, and nothing could be found but the horse's clean-picked bones. Lucas said, he could have excused the schelm for killing the horse, as he had allowed himself to get away, but the felonious abstraction of the saddle (for which, as Lucas gravely observed, he could have no possible use) raised his spleen mightily, and called down a shower of curses whenever he told the story of his hair-breadth escape."

structor.

No. 43. Shells (in crayons) a young Lady. An excellent delineation of shells, the clear pearly appearance on which is well maintained.

No. 46. Bindweed and Hawthorn. I should consider an exhibition short of one great attraction, were I to miss, in the catalogue, the name of Mrs. Harrison, whose admirable performances would enrich any collection of art. This Bindweed and Hawthorn is good, but her flowers ared fruit, No. 54, are excellent, and well entitle her to the appellation of the modern Rachel Ruisch.

I find I must now come to a conclusion for the present, and will next week resume and complete my remarks on

this exhibition-Yours, &c. Great George-square.

• Mr. Austin.

A CONNOISSEUR.

Natural History.

AFRICAN LIONS.

The first number of the South African Journal, pubshed at the Cape of Good Hope, contains some very in resting details respecting the lions of that country. The writer says, that beyond the limits of the colony, they are counted peculiarly fierce and dangerous, and he thinks Mr. Barrow's representation, that they are cowardly and reacherous, is a conclusion drawn from limited experience incurate information. "The prodigious strength of is animal (he observes) does not appear to have been overed. It is certain that he can drag the heaviest ox with ease a considerable way, and a horse, heifer, hartebeest, or lesser prey, he finds no difficulty in throwing over his shoulder and carrying off to any distance he may find Convenient. I have myself witnessed an instance of a very young lion conveying a horse about a mile from the spot Where he had killed it: and a more extraordinary case has been mentioned to me on good authority, where a lion, having carried off a heifer of two years old, was followed pe the track for five hours, above 30 English miles, by a arty on horseback; and throughout the whole distance, the carcase of the heifer was only once or twice discovered have touched the ground. The Bechuano Chief, old Peyehow, (now in Cape Town,) conversing with me a few ago, said that the lion very seldom attacks a man if Provoked; but he will frequently approach within a paces and survey him steadily; and sometimes he will mpt to get behind him, as if he could not stand his , but was yet desirous of springing upon him unres. If a person in such circumstances attempts either ght or to fly, he incurs the most imminent peril; but

Miscellanies.

A short time ago, a countryman, from the centre of
Lancashire, went into the water, on our shore, without
shoes or stockings, and was observed by a person near the
spot to be filling a bottle. He said to him," I say, Tum-
mus, what are yo abeawt theer? By gum, if yo ta'en
any wayter out o'th' river, th' Corporation will be after o'.
Dunna yo know that a ship t'other day geet a-ground for
want of wayter, on account o' yo chaps drikin so much
wayter, or taking it away in bottles. If they getten houd
on yo, they'll foine yo twenty shillin for every quart yo
ta'en." The countryman alarmed at this intelligence
emptied the bottle, and hastily retreated.
said the man to him, "if yo'll not tell any body, and will
gee us a glass o' grog, I'll troy if I cawnt smuggle a sope
for yo. Yo mon stand afore me tho', and not let any one
see us.' "To this the countryman consented, and spread
his coat so that they might not be seen; and to make
assurance"doubly sure," he gave the man two glasses of
grog instead of one; and then, at the entreaty of his friend,
he made off as soon as he could, for fear of being "tak-
ken up."

"But I say,

Curious Will.-In the year 1724, Justice Norman, of Norwich, by his will, directed that the sum of £4000 should be given to build a charity school, sixty years after his decease. The school to contain 120 boys; and he di rected that every boy should, on Sunday, have a pound of roast beef to his dinner, and ten ounces of plum-pudding to his supper; on Monday, a pound of boiled beef for his dinner, and ten ounces of suet pudding for supper; and every Tuesday morning beef broth for breakfast, and at dinner a pound of mutton or veal; every Wednesday, pork and peas; every Thursday, mutton or veal; every Friday, beans or peas; and every Saturday, fish well buttered. There were a number of curious items; and he appointed the Bishop, the Chancellor, the Dean, the two Members for the city, the two Members for the county, and eight worthy churchmen besides, to be his perpetual trustees. The term of the donation having expired, the original legacy, with simple and compound interest, amounted to £74,000.

The

Magical Clock.-Droz, a Genevan mechanic, once constructed a clock which was capable of the following surprising movements:-There were seen on it a negro, a dog, and a shepherd; when the clock struck, the shepherd played six tunes on his flute, and the dog approached and fawned upon him. This clock was exhibited to the King of Spain, who was delighted with it. "The gentleness of my dog," said Droz," is his least merit; if your Majesty touch one of the apples, which you see in the shepherd's basket, you will admire the fidelity of this animal.' King took an apple, and the dog flew at his hand, and barked so loud, that the King's dog, which was in the room, began also to bark; at this the courtiers, not doubting that it was an affair of witchcraft, hastily left the room, crossing themselves as they went out. The minister of marine was the only one that ventured to stay. The King having desired him to ask the negro what o'clock it was, the minister obeyed, but he obtained no reply. Droz then observed that the negro had not yet learned Spanish ; upon which the minister repeated the question in French, and the black immediately answered him: at this new prodigy the firmness of the minister also forsook him, and he retreated precipitately, declaring that it must be the work of the devil.-Mechanics' Magazine.