He less speculations, disfigured and rendered unintelligible to then that Luther indignantly exclaimed at this and the And unto common people, who had already abused this liberty to The Housewife. INDIGESTION. Mr. Abernethy, in his third lecture, when speaking of the evils of indigestion, says, "The ordinary causes of these complicated evils are as plain as A B C. It is evident, that they are to be traced to the very irregular and intemperate habits which men practice. When patients apply to me, and I see that their complaints are chiefly of the nature I have been describing, I tell them that I am no physician; and I offend them stoutly when I tell them that they have their health in their own keeping. If a man were to do as Cornaro did, he would be rewarded for it by a long and happy life. Cornaro was given over by his physicians at the age of thirty-five; he saw that there was not the least chance of recovery, if he continued to swallow the trash they were in the habit of giving him, and that there was no good in putting food into his stomach, if his stomach could not digest it; what did it do there? why, it played the very devil with Cornaro's bowels. "So," said he," I dropped the plan pursued by my phy. pal duty of Cornaro's life was the happy state of mind sicians, and adopted a regimen of my own." The princtin which his continued temperance preserved him. He limited himself to twelve ounces of food for each day; this was of a nutritious kind, and no inducement could prevail on him to exceed it. He enjoyed the simplest food with the greatest relish, for Cornaro's appetite was rather keen; so that he used to say, when eating a dry crust of bread, "Oh! how delicious it is; it is so delicious, that I am almost tempted to exceed my allowance;" yet he never did. He writes, between eighty and ninety, The society of my friends is delightful, and even the company of children is amusing to me; and when not otherwise engaged, I read godly books. But the infirmi ties of age increasing upon me, and becoming more feeble, my friends advised me to increase my diet, which I did to fourteen ounces. But, from the time I began to increase it, I was dissatisfied with myself, and felt that it was producing mischief in my stomach, and I had not continued it long before I was obliged to return to my former allowance." Cornaro, however, could not live for ever, and we find that, to the time of his death, he might be said to have enjoyed perfect health. He went down as the account is given by his niece, who was a nun at to the grave at the advanced age of one hundred and five; Padua. "Now, what I propose as a diet is Cornaro's diet, and it is no fanciful system. The diet should always be of a moderate quantity, it should not be wholly vegetable or I have taken the liberty to recommend to the public is animal, but it should be of a nutritious kind. The diet Cornaro's, with a few conundrums of my own, as Dr. Franklin says. I do not pretend to have adhered to such a diet as Cornaro did. Oh, no! I acknowledge myself to have been a sinner; and I remember once having been living irregularly, and having been taking butter and sauces and sweetmeats, and indulging a pampered appetite, things that turned acid and rancid on my stomach; I was seized with pain in my bowels and head-ache, and had a sore throat; and I had a friend of mine, a physician, to look into my throat, and there was a long discussion as to what sort of cynanche it was to be; one said one thing, and the second another; but I smiled and said, If you do not know what it is, I know what will cure it; so I took a dose of calomel and jalap, and I lived upon toast and water for about ten days, and I got rid of my sore throat and fever together. It is of great importance that the functions of the alimentary canal should be regularly performed, and the quality of the secretions attended to as well as the quantity. Every old woman knows how necessary it is to attend to this if she wishes to keep herself in a comfortable state of health, and therefore she mixes up some gentle laxative compound, such as a little senna tea with some manna, or perhaps with a little tincture of rhubarb, and she takes sufficient of this to act at a given time, and if it should fail of its usual effect, why, she adds a little more to the dose, or takes a smaller quantity of it in four hours, and thus the end is answered perfectly well. cially those who have sedentary occupations, or who are All men should particularly attend to this subject, espeadvancing in years."-Lancet. Poetry. LOVE. Dreams, dreams, all dreams! a bright fantastic cloud, As Venus' train, the young and sportive Hours: At eve, loud threats the storm, the welkin lours, And raven night comes leagued with black despair, And this is love:-betraying love, that still Caress'd and shrined within the heart's recess, A SAILOR'S VALENTINE. G. An honest Jack Tar, who was desperately in love with a rosy-faced, blue-eyed damsel (a servant in the house where he lodged) took the fancy, like his betters, to "pen a sonnet to his mistress's eyebrows." The following valentines were first written upon some leaves of his journal-book, now in our possession, and from which copies were forwarded to the fair maid, on superfine gilt-edged paper. Whatever may be thought of Jack's muse, it is pretty clear that he was desperately in love, as the following lines testify. THE ADIEU. The vessel cleft the rapid tide, That seemed to chide her way; And her canvas reflected the pale moonlight, She bounded o'er the threat'ning wave, With haughty fearless mien ; And soon from the eyes of her gallant crew, But one there was that trod the deck, To leave his native shore; Though in youthful prime, from his country torn, For she that once had lov'd him well, Unconcious that her child Now tempted the measureless worlds of the deep, It was not pride that steel'd his soul, His heart was kind and free; His manly soul of malice void, Though open as the day, Look'd down on those envious petty minds, HUMBLE PETITION OF THE LIVERPOOL CORPORATION TO THE MAS Oh ye Lords of the loom We do not complain That you drink your CHAMPAIGN, Then stick to the jenny and mule. MANCHESTER SHIP CANAL TO MAJOR WATKINS AND CO. A NEW VALENTINE. A! we shall B outdone if the C is let in at the D. 'Tis like joining the lay of the thrush and the J. As for complements I could nier youse but you my ofers did refuse pray for my boldness me exquse thes harts of Love to you i send to Let you know my Love is trew and that to none but you CORPORATION PANIC! TO THE EDITOR. SIR, I have just heard, but I do not pledge myself to the fact, that the Manchester humbug, as you have taken the liberty to designate it, has produced dreadful consternation amongst the members of our Corporation. Some go so far as to assert that we shall have no more Mayor's dinners, as it would ill become the chief magistrate to be wasting his turtle and champaign at a moment when Liverpool is threatened with utter ruin.. It is added, that the Manchester Canal shareholders are to have a grand dinner next week, in anticipation of the certain success of their scheme; and that it has been resolved that a deputation shall visit Manchester on the same day, in order, if permitted, to present a humble petition to the aforesaid shareholders, entreating them to pause in their ruinous career, and to avert the annihilation of the commerce of our good old town. The Corporation, it is added, being fully aware of the effects of a good dinner in producing good humour, have directed their deputation not to seek an audience until the cloth is drawn, and the bottle has circulated freely. The name of the spokesman of the deputation has been whispered to me; but I replied pSHAW! it cannot be. My informant, however, declares that the worthy Alderman has been lately observed rehearsing the address before a large mirror. However, as I said before, I do not attach much credit to the report. I am so much pressed for time, that I must conclude with calling your attention to the petition, of which I subjoin a copy. The au SONNET TO A CHILD. (From an interesting volume of Sonnets, &c. just pudistel, A. D. L. Richardson.) Thou darling Child! When I behold the smile THE GOLDEN AGE. Had I the powerful hand, the glowing fire, Whose Muse, though skill'd to charm with soothing strain, Breathed satire, calumny, and wit profane: But him, the Theban bard of olden time, Till heath-clad hills, green woods, and valleys ring, Till Dover cliff re-echo back the song, It may not be. In polish'd verse to shine, Erewhile, Britannia saw a cloud arise, Ver prostrate nations fulminate his law; And though she reign'd still Empress of the Seas, Yet sigh'd in secret, as her sons complain'd, Their commerce fettered and their coffers drain'd.. it last, when Fate, relentless, struck the blow, nd Britain stoop'd to crush her fallen foe, er menials proud to vent their bitter rage, er bankrupt merchants made the ruin spread, er starving children cried aloud for bread; While o'er her fruitful plains the farmer sigh'd, Find eurs'd the plenty that his fields supplied; fill Discontent and Radicals arose, poreboding danger from domestic foes. ut deepest gloom o'ershades the starless sky, and darkest lowers when morning light is nigh: bus Britain sees the boding tempest past, d, joyous, hails her GOLDEN AGE at last. Yes; Amalthea, from her bounteous horn, urs gifts, more precious far than oil and corn; gold exhaustless, from her liberal hand esee, profusely scattered o'er the land; lembryo hatch'd within the womb of Time, El Dorado bursts on Scotia's clime! lose patient fools, the Alchymists of old, l'd o'er the crucible, in search of gold; twe, a spell, a talisman have found, hich can create it from the clods around, JOINT STOCK COMPANIES there dwells a charm, magic key, turn'd by a giant's arm; e" Open Sesame!" at whose command hose teeming soil swells rich in golden ore: 7 far most worthy of her special grace, ae first to start-still foremost in the chase. > tell thy schemes already hatch'd, were vain, rbrooding still in thy prolific brain; ' Well projected, and so wisely plann'd, Therever Fortune deigns to stretch her hand, owever tight the bandage on her eyes, dia cannot fail to catch a prize. He on an air-blown bubble seem'd reclined, BACCHANALIAN SONG. FROM MOORE'S MELODIES. (To the tune of Paddy Snap.) Quick! we have but a second, Then, quick! we have but a second, See the glass, how it flushes, Like some young Hebe's lip, And half meets thine, and blushes That thou shouldst delay to sip. Shame, oh shame unto thee, If ever thou see'st that day, Then, quick! we have but a second, Chronology. RETROSPECT FOR THE PAST YEAR. A summary of the events of the past year, provided it be given with the brevity of an almanack, is always useful as a table of reference. It furnishes the materials from which history is to be composed-its use is to register events merely, to take "all that comes," to use the words of Lord Bacon's biographer, "to heap rather than to choose," and therein it differs from the true province of the historian, who has to select, collate, and digest. Our present business is to give the journal of the world as we find it, avoiding those minor and unimportant details which would incumber and confuse, rather than help the memory to any useful recollection or valid conclusion. In the month of JANUARY, General Mina arrived at Plymouth from Spain, together with several other Spanish officers, who had succeeded in escaping from the pursuit of King Ferdinand of Spain, after an unsuccessful attempt to establish a popular constitution in that country, in defiance of the opposing intervention of the French arms. The first instalment of £200,000 was paid into the British treasury, on account of the Austrian loan. The planters in the West India Islands discontented, on account of certain suggested alterations in the condition of their slaves. The Castle of Corinth taken, and opening successes of the Greeks. Lord Byron arrived in Greece, and advanced 20,000 dollars to the Greek cause. New Tariff of the Republic of Colombia promulgated, for the regulation of foreign duties. John Thurtell hanged for the murder of Wm. Weare, and Hunt respited and transported. An increase on the preceding quarter's revenue of £262,849. Death of King Victor Emanuel of Sardinia. Declaration of the President of the United States of America. Signal defeats of the Royalists in Peru. Lord Cochrane created Marquis of Maranham; and Monte Video taken by the Brazilians. FEBRUARY.-The British parliament opened for the Session, by commission, his Majesty not being able to attend in person, on account of illness. A statement of the year's revenue, stating a surplus of £6,000,000. War declared against Algiers, that government having refused to give up their assumed right of detaining Christians in slavery. Disturbances continued in the West India Islands, partial revolts of the slaves, and Mr. Smith, the missionary, tried, convicted, and subsequently pardoned, for not disContinued closing certain proceedings of the natives. success of the Greeks and South Americans. The Chancellor of the Exchequer announced in the House of Com. mons the payment of two millions and a half sterling in reduction of the debt due from Austria, and appropriated £60,000 of the sum to the purchase, &c. of the Angerstein collection of pictures, £300,000 for repairing Windsor Castle, and £500,000 for building new churches. Reductions made by parliament in the rum, coals, and foreign wool duties. A commission appointed to inquire into the cause of delays in the Court of Chancery. Parliamentary regulations for ameliorating the condition of slaves in the West Indies, the slave trade made piracy, and a Church of England Episcopal Establishment ordered for the West India Islands. An association formed for draining the bogs in Ireland to the extent of three millions of acres. Death of Mr. Smith, the missionary. MARCH AND APRIL. The alien bill continued for two years. Mr. Abercrombie's complaint against the Lord Chancellor. The state of Europe, foreign and domestic, not altered since the preceding month. The Greeks and South Americans proceeding successfully, the West Indies in statu quo, and the French arms used actively for the support of the order of things under Ferdinand, in Spain. Death of Lord Byron in Greece. Patrick Conolly, a surgeon, transported for life, for manslaughter. Foundation laid of New London Bridge. MAY.-The King of Portugal fled for refuge on board a British ship of war in the Tagus, from an insurrection Grand rowing raised against him by his wife and son. match, in sixteen hours, from Oxford to London (by wa. ter, 118 miles.) Arrival of the King and Queen of the Sandwich Islands. Mr. Harris killed by a fall from a balloon. Dismissal of Mr. Battier from the Tenth Hussars for fighting a duel with the Colonel; the Marquis of Londonderry reprimanded. Defeat and death of the governor of Sierra Leone (Sir C M'Carthy) by the Ashantees. Committee of the House of Commons recommends the abolition of the combination laws. Petitions praying the recognition of the independence of Colombia. Reversal of the attainder of the Scottish Lords and the Earl of Stafford. M. Chateaubriand dismissed from the French Cabinet. Revolutionary movement in Portugal by the Infant Don Miguel. JUNE.-Prorogation of parliament. Resolution of the Bank of England to lend money on government securities and bank stock. War between the East India Company and the Burmese. Foreign affairs elsewhere pretty much as usual. Conclusion of the war with Algiers. Defeat of the Ashantees. New successes in Greece and South America, under Odysseus and Bolivar. JULY.-Death of the King and Queen of the Sandwich Islands, of inflammatory colds. AUGUST.-Mr. Canning's private visit to Dublin.Cessation of the disturbances in the West Indies. More victories in Greece and Peru. Death of Louis XVIII. SEPTEMBER.-Abolition of the censorship on the press. Edict of the Emperor Charles X. proclaimed King. Alexander against the Jews. Death of Major Cartwright. Mr. Sadler killed from a fall out of a balloon. The East India Company's notice for April, 1825, for reducing the interest on their bonds from three and a half to three per The Irish Catholics subscribe what they denominate a rent, as a fund for the redress of grievances. Contests between the Spanish Constitutionalists and the Royalists and French, and defeat of the former near Gibraltar. Blockade and capture of Pernambuco, by Lord Cochrane. cent. OCTOBER. Return of the Griper, discovery ship. Increasing prosperity of the new Governments of Greece, Colombia, and Mexico; capture and execution of Iturbide, who arrived in the territory of the latter to counter-revolutionize the country. NOVEMBER.-Foreign and domestic affairs, politically, in statu quo. Severe storms at sea, and on the coast in various parts of Europe; losses immense by shipwreck and other damage. The breakwater at Plymouth, and St. Petersburgh, severely damaged by the sea and inundations. Mr. Fauntleroy, a London banker, executed for forgery. Dreadful fire at Edinburgh. Ar DECEMBER.-Animated discussions amongst the Irish Catholics, increase of the amount of their rent. rest of Mr. O'Connell, for seditious expressions imputed to him in a speech delivered before the Catholic Association. Nothing new in our foreign relations. Meetings for the relief of the foreign refugees. It will be seen with satisfaction, from the leading features of this chronology, that all these essential matters, in which, as Englishman, we must feel interested, are in progressive advance throughout the world. Our commerce is not only flourishing at home, but the new principles of natural sense and justice on which alone it can have a sure basis, are beginning to be adopted by other nations. Our principles of national liberty are equally gaining ground in distant hemispheres. South America triumphs under their banners, and Greece is advancing them upon the ruins of the Ottoman tyranny in Europe. Our manufactures are equally flourishing, and whenever the wounds of Ireland can be healed, our domestic peace will be as universal as our foreign successes have been glorious. Miscellanics. Property of Public Lectures.-A case of some interest. lately came before the Lord Chancellor. Adventures of a Pound of Cotton. The following s work on medical subjects, entitled the Lancet, had been the importance of the trade to the country in a very A periodical tory of a pound weight of manufactured cotton will accustomed to publish Sir Astley Cooper's lectures as they spicuous manner:-The wool came from the East In were delivered, and was proceeding in the same course with to London; from London it went to Lancashire, whe respect to the lectures of Mr. Abernethy, the highly- was manufactured into yarn; from Manchester it 1 talented Mr. Abernethy, as the, no doubt, equally highly- sent to Paisley, where it was woven; it was next talented Solicitor-General styled him. We believe that to Ayreshire, where it was tamboured; afterwards t Sir Astley Cooper was not content with the practice of the conveyed to Dumbarton, where it was hand-sewed, editor of the Lancet: however, as there might appear to again returned to Paisley, whence it was sent to a da be as much sweet as bitter in it, he swallowed both. Mr. part of the county of Renfrew to be bleached, and Abernethy will swallow neither. He therefore applied to turned to Paisley, whence it was sent to Glasgow, and the Court of Chancery, for an "injunction" to stay the finished; and from Glasgow was sent by coach to Le editors of the Lancet from publishing his lectures. The It is difficult to ascertain, precisely, the time taken to matter ended in a temporary compromise, by which the this article to market; but it may be pretty neardier number actually in the press might be allowed to appear, to reckon it three years, from the time it was pa and the future publication be suspended till the cause dia, until, in cloth, it arrived at the merchant's wed An Extraordinary Instance of Longevity is contained should be argued. It was easy, however, to see that the in London, whither it must have been evala kas in a letter dated the 29th of January, 1724, from M. Lord Chancellor's opinion was decidedly hostile to the 10,000 miles by sea, and 920 by land, and end Hamelbranix, the Dutch envoy at Vienna, to their high publication. The case, as acutely stated by his Lordship, reward no less than 150 people, whose seasons mightinesses the States-general, and published in a Dutch is totally different from these in which reports of courts of sary in the carriage and manufacture of the p dictionary, Het Algemeen historisch, geographisch en justice or police-offices are concerned. The proceedings of tity of cotton, and by which the value has beari genealogisch Woordenbock," by Luiscius. It relates to the latter are publici juris; the officers presiding are the two thousand per cent. an individual who had attained the extraordinary age of public servants, and they must act openly; and the public, one hundred and eighty-five years." Czartan Petrarch, without the payment of any admission fee, have a right to by religion a Greck, was born in the year 1539, and died know how they speak and act; or, otherwise British subon the 5th of January, 1724, at Kofrosch, a village four jects would fall into total ignorance of the practice of the miles from Temeswar, on the road leading to Karansebes. law. The case before the Court was thus stated by his He had lived, therefore, a hundred and eighty-five years. Lordship: It is, whether a party attending lectures in At the time when the Turks took Temeswar from the any branch of philosophy or learning, for his own informa Christians, he was employed in keeping his father's cattle. tion, is at liberty to publish the lectures for his own adA few days before his death he had walked with the help vantage." It is evident, if this be an accurate statement of a stick, to the post-house at Kofrosch, to ask charity of the case, that the mental improvement derived by hearfrom the travellers. His eyes were much inflamed, but ing, is all that is paid for: the professor has not conveyed he still enjoyed a little sight. His hair and beard were of away his right to the profit to be derived from publication. a greenish white colour, like mouldy bread; and he had a few of his teeth remaining. His son, who was ninety- Parasols. The Emperor of Austria has granted to three seven years of age, declared his father had once been the manufacturers at Vicina the exclusive privilege, for five head taller; that at a great age he married for the third years, of fabricating a new species of parasol of their intime; and that he was born in this last marriage. He vention. The form of these parasols is singular, but was accustomed, agreeably to the rules of his religion, to handsomer than that of the common parasols. When observe fast days with great strictness, and never to use open, they have the appearance of an arch; when closed, any other food than milk, and certain cakes, called by the that of a lyre. They may be taken to pieces, and packed Hungarians kollatschen, together with a good glass of up in a work-box. The same persons have obtained a brandy, such as is made in the country. He had de. similar privilege for the fabrication of all kinds of coverscendants in the fifth generation, with whom he some-ings for parasols, whether of cotton, silk, wool, leather, tines sported, carrying them in his arms. His son, though ninety-seven, was still fresh and vigorous. When field. marshal Count Wallis, the commandant of Teneswar, heard that this old man was taken sick, he caused a portrait of him to be painted, and when it was almost finished he expired. Negociations for the Recovery of Stolen Property. It is generally known that negociations are not unfrequently entered into with thieves, in the metropolis, for the recovery of stolen property, and that large sums have been paid by way of compensation to the negociators. This practice, which was a capital felony in the time of George 1. has been reduced to a transportable offence, by an act of his present Majesty. Only one conviction ever took place under either statute: but a remarkable instance of an attempt at negociation was lately brought to light. Messrs Charlesworth and Co. silkien, London, were, in October last, robbed of a large quantity of goods. Mr. Lidbetter, a tavern-keeper, in Ludgate-hill, offered to negociate with certain characters whom he knew, and received £30 to pay the thieves. He, however, failed, and he was summoned before the Magistrates, and committed for trial for the attempt. He was tried at the Old Baikey, when the Jury retired for twenty-five minutes, and on their return the foreman rose, and said, "We find the prisoner guilty, but we beg leave most strongly to recommend him to mercy, on account of his previous good character." We recollect some time ago, when extensive robberies of bank-notes occurred, that a dashing individual was conspicuously engaged in the same practice; and it does not occur to us that any prosecution took place. says, John Paul Jones.-A New York paper of late date "A letter addressed to this distinguished hero was acciden. tally discovered in a baker's shop in this city, a few days since, which induced the examination of several chests of old manuscripts, when upwards of 700 papers were found, such as drafts of his official communications, and letters to the most distinguished persons of the age, and their letters to him, from the year 1775 to 1783. Many are in the hand-writing of Franklin, Hancock, La Fayette, and John Adams, which proves, beyond doubt, their authenticity. We understand that the gentleman, whose perseverance recovered them from destined destruction, has handed them to the author of the Pilot, with a view to the Publication of a part, by Mr. Wiley." or paper. Some of their parasols are splendidly orna- In New South Wales, from the mildness of the season Pedestrianism.—Townsend, the walking phenomenon, New way of getting rid of superfluous wealth.-On the The Navy. The average mortality of the ty the Edinburgh Review, during the three years of the war, was 1 in 30.29. More than a half of the died of disease. We are informed, that in serende)trades of the metropolis, the members of which, sailors, are between the ages of 16 and 60, 60 mortality is greater than among scamen; sho with all the accidents to which they are liable, the t of life are in favour of the latter. rage for mining companies has gained such an ach Russian Chain-bridge. A chain-bridge, the si the kind in Russia, is about to be constructed canal of Moika. It will be executed after the dess Colonel Dufour, of Geneva, who has sent to 8: burgh a beautiful model of that which he erected a „a own country last year. Important to Apothecaries.-An action was lat in the Court of Common Pleas to recover from tha fendant £11 11s. for medicines supplied by the p had practised as an apothecary previous to the an apothecary in London; but failing to prove 4* the Act in August 1815, or that he was regularly qu the plaintiff was nonsuited. He then wished to a the value of the phials, but the Lord Chief Justice 15, that as this Act did not allow him to practise as a “ cary, he could not recover for them. Ornithology.-During the severe gales whi Stormy Peterel, nick-named by seamen Met Cay lately in the Downs, a small bird, called by Chickens, was picked up alive, on the shore tear W castle, by a servant belonging to Mr. Brooke house. Only three of these species are said by Be have been found in this country, and these They swarm in stormy weather in the Atlantic, and the ships with a doleful screach on the gathering of a 9 The following is a melancholy and singular instan the bad effects produced by chastising children to beaten by her mother, threatened to put a perd verely-A few days ago, a girl, who had been s existence, that her mother might never have an too fatally accomplished. In the absence of her nity of beating her in so cruel a manner; which the from his workshop, she went in, unobserved, and hard herself with a hank of yarn.-Life Herald. Curious Circumstance.—A bill, which weighs more 18,000lb. has been discovered at the depth of 70 fet, valley of Mount Jura. It is imagined that a cont church has been ingulfed at that place. Nothing b bell has yet been met with. The search continues. Antiquities. Some fishermen have found, in the bay of the small port of Ascoli, an iron chest, three feet and a half long. On opening it they found a long head of hair, a gauntlet, and a few pieces of an ancient sabre. It is thought that these spoils must have belonged to some Galician or Scandinavian dwarf. Those nations, in fact, used to enclose, in iron or steel chests, the hair or arms of a warrior, killed in battle, and throw them into the sea. It was an honour reserved to their first generals.-News of Literature. A singular instance of imprisonment was brought to A wellbght by the Society for relieving small debtors. Sehaved woman had been imprisoned for some trifling When the creditor was spoken with on the subject, te expressed his astonishment at her being in prison, s he had given his consent to her liberation on the day On farther inquiry, it fter she was taken into custody. opcared that the daughter of the poor woman had interpted the order for her getting out, and had for eight orths paid the gaol aliment. This unnatural conduct, rocceded from the girl's desire to be freed from the reraint which her mother's presence would have laid on er vices.-Glasgow Chronicle. Nice Point of Law.-Blackstone, speaking of the right of a wife to dower, asserts, that if land abide in the husband for a single moment, the wife shall be endowed thereof; and he adds in a note, that this doctrine was extended very far by a jury in Wales, where the father and son were both hanged in one cart; but the son was supposed to have survived the father, by appearing to struggle the longest, whereby he became seised of an estate by survivorship; in consequence of which seisin his widow obtained a verdict for her dower. The Liber. In pursuing our plan of recording under this head any brief notices of "the good old town," which may be pointed out to us, we have copied the following, at the suggestion of an intelligent friend in Yorkshire, from the Compleat History of the Rebellion (1745-6) by Mr. James Ray, of Whitehaven, Volunteer under his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland." After describing the adherence of the inhabitants of Liverpool, to the then TO THE EDITOR. SIR, It is very astonishing that one mathematician should attempt to bring into disrepute the productions of another by mere assertion. Such an attempt has been made again and again by your correspondent A. B. T. though perfectly aware that assertion is not proof, and that this would be equally obvious to the most ignorant of his readers. A. B. T. mentions that the results (I suppose those results which I endeavoured to conarm in my letter of the 24th ult.) are totally repugnant to the known laws of mechanics, and adds, that the manner in which the lever is supposed to act is also erroneous, though at the same time he confesses that the true explanation is not quite obvious, and will require some illustration. These are certainly unqualified assertions, and I do main We understand that Sir William Congreve is returned rom his tour to the Continent, where he has, for the last hree months, been engaged in the formation of a comany for the employment of Britis!: capital, in lighting e principal cities of the Continent with gas, under the We hear that tion of their respective governments. angements have been made for this purpose with Russia, eden, Prussia, Hanover, and many of the principal ms in the Netherlands. Sir Wm. Curtis and Messrs. goner and Attwood are the bankers for this immense monarch; their raising the regiment called the Liverpool rest satisfied with a mere dictum, and still less when accom derraking, which has been received with the greatest isfaction in every place where Sir Wm. Congreve has bented himself, during his absence from England.arning paper. tain that they are as untrue as they are unqualified. He pre- The results in Mr. Silvester's Report are fairly derived from must be manifest to every man of science; but to the tyro the established laws of motion, and how he has derived them and general reader I thought some illustration might be gation I was so fully satisfied of the truth of those results that necessary, which I ventured to supply; and in this investi I still believe them to be incontrovertible. I admit the force of the piston may not be uniform, because the quantum of steam generated depends upon the Blues; their preparations to receive the rebel army, when expected to approach this town from Wigan, &c. &c.; the writer thus proceeds to describe the town itself: Liverpool, or Lirpool, is not a very ancient town, but is A great grand-daughter of Daniel Defoe, the immorauthor of Robinson Crusoe, and many other cele- very neat and populous, the people very polite, courteous, ted works, now lives in the metropolis, and is in pe- and well bred. It has three large churches, that called iary distress, at the advanced age of sixty-seven. St. George's is a very curious piece of modern architecfoe's life was eventful, and of great public utility; he ture; from the top of which you have a view of the town the son of a butcher in St. Martin's parish. In 1702 and adjacent country, and towards the sea a most agreewas unjustly convicted of a libel, when the High able prospect of the ships in the road and harbour: there nch party were inclined to persecute the Dissenters; is, likewise, two large Presbyterian meeting-houses, one was sentenced to fine, imprisonment, and the pillory. Quaker's, and one Baptist's house, all which live in perrtly afterwards he undauntedly published a Humn to fect harmony with each other, a virtue deserving to be Pulsory. Defoe was liberated before the expiration of imitated. There was, at the time of the Rebellion, a confinement, through the influence of the Earl of Ox-large Mass house, which the mob could not be restrained At the head or extremity of four 1. He died in 1731, in the parish of St. Giles's, from pulling down. pplegate, leaving behind him a widow and several streets, which are clean and well paved, stands the EX-intensity of the heat, which it would be dificult, if not inchange, where from eleven to one o'clock, every day, mer possible, to keep always the same; but that force, at each dren, in indigent circumstances. chants and masters of ships meet for business; over which stroke of the piston, is spoken of, and reasoned upon, as if constant, and compared to the pressure of a given weight. is the Hall, where the Mayor and Aldermen meet, to regulate the affairs of the Corporation. It is the most flou. rishing seaport town in these parts, and it may be justly said to vie with the city of Bristol, the second port in England, its customs being increased eight or ten fold within these forty years past, and though the town is said to be above three times as large as it was in the beginning of the late King James's reign, yet they continue still to build considerably, being well provided with clay for making brick, of which there are many stately houses built. The inhabitants are mostly merchants, who drive invert a Glass of Water without spilling.-Place a a large trade, with great success and large stocks, to all upon a wine-glass filled with water, that is, comthe northern parts of the world, viz. Hamburgh, Norway, filled; then invert the glass, and the water will not and the Baltic; to the British colonies in America; to e; the pressure of the exterior atmosphere being Guinea, Ireland, France, Spain, Portugal, and Italy; so tient to support the card in its position.-Economist. that there is no trade but that of Turkey, Greenland, and the East Indies, in which they are not concerned. As itim. hilosophy v. Theology. The ancient fathers com sed heavily of the sect of Aristotle; and it is almost ports almost all kinds of foreign goods, it has consequently the rail-roads with quite an impartial and disinterested view, a large inland trade, and shares that to Ireland and Wales, considering that to wait the result of the practical operations ral complaint, that philosophy is inimious to theology with Bristol; for as Bristol trades chiefly to the south and of the plans suggested would be the best test for deciding on the other side, it is also as certain that theology west parts of Ireland, from Dublin in the east, to Gallo- a judgment. The correspondents, however, have brought jurious to philosophy:-they are two faculties which d never justly settle their limits, did not the balance of way west, this town hath all the trade of the east and forward a point that claimed my attention above twenty How to direct Balloons.-A letter from Naples states, an attempt to direct an air-balloon by means of a ile of large tame eagles, had been successfully made bat city. The birds had previously undergone the ess of training by two American gentlemen, who the directors of the experiment.-London papers.— project has often been suggested; but if the Amerihave really brought it to bear, they are entitled to e merit than the inere hypothetical projector.-Edit. a is Bority, which is always interested on the side of the aer, make the regulation-Bayle. Fench Promises.-The Queen Marie Antoinette said de Breteuil, "Baron, I have a favour to ask of you." Tadame," he replied, "if the thing be possible, it is ady done; if impossible, it shall be done." 1. Arkwright, who purchased the Marquis of Orade's park and mansion, for two hundred and seven_thousand pounds, already possesses landed estates of rly a similar description, for which the wealthy protor has given upwards of three hundred thousand ads. Mr. Arkwright and Sir Robert Peel are supposed be the richest commoners in England. north shores, from Dublin to Londonderry. As Bristol It is, therefore, refining too much to dwell upon trifling anomalies that may occur in practice; for all our calculations, concerning the effects of machinery, ought to be considered because of the irregularities or imperfections in the construetion or working of machines, which cannot always be obviated, however apparent. But these approximations save a vast deal of time and labour to the engineer, and should be preliminary to every undertaking. Through the neglect of them much unnecessary expense has often been incurred.— Yours, &c. as approximations; not by reason of any error in thein, but Liverpool, February 8, 1825. C. C. E. TO THE EDITOR. I should, therefore, feel greatly obliged if your years ago. Now, admitting that the end of the beam of the engine, which gives motion to the crank, is at its highest point, and that the connecting rod and crank will be in a perpendicular line over the centre of the axis of the crank, and can rise no higher-therefore, the beam in that place cannot give the crank any more motion until it falls to a distance that will give it power over the wheels; and when the beam is on a perfect level, the crank will be so likewise, and then the greatest power of the engine is acting on the crank and |