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sovereign the spa water will prove to these passengers, but certain that their gold is cordial to these Jesuits.

EMINENT SCHOLARS.-Mr. Brown, brother to the last viscount Mountacute in Sussex, became here a Jesuit.

IX. COLLEGE OF GHENT IN FLANDERS.

FOUNDED in 1624, by Philip IV. who gave them a pension. One may observe a kind of gradation in these colleges. St. Omer's generally is for boys, to be taught in grammar; Rome, for youths studying the arts; all the rest for men, (novices, or professed Jesuits,) save that Douay is for any, of what age or parts soever. Compare these colleges, amongst themselves, Rome will appear the richest in visible-Valladolid, the cunningest in concealed-wealth; Douay the largest in men and straitest in means; Liege, getting the most from passengers on land; Seville, gaining the best by travellers at sea; Madrid, wearing the bravest clothes, (where all the Jesuits are constant courtiers,) and St. Omer's, eating the best meat, as nearest to England, whence many a dainty bit is daily sent unto them.

22. The Bounty of English Catholics.

It is incredible what a mass of money (much in specie, more in exchange) was yearly made over out of England, for the maintenance of these colleges; having here their Provincials, Sub-provincials, Assistants, Agents, Coadjutors, Familiars, &c., who collected vast sums for them, especially from catholics possessed of considerable estates out of abbey-lands, his Holiness dispensing with them to hold the same with a clear conscience, if bountiful on all such occasions.

23. The Oath taken by English Fugitives at their

Admission.

We will conclude all with the solemn oath, which each student (arrived at man's estate) ceremoniously sweareth, when admitted into one of these colleges:-" I, A. B. one bred in this English college, considering how great benefits God hath bestowed upon me, but then especially, when he brought me out of mine own country, so much infected with heresy, and made me a member of the catholic church; as also desiring, with a thankful heart, to improve so great a mercy of God, have resolved to offer myself wholly up to Divine Service, as much as I may to fulfil the end for which this our college was founded. I promise, therefore, and swear, in the presence of Almighty God, that I am prepared from mine heart, with the assistance of Divine Grace, in due time to receive Holy Orders, and to return into England, to convert the souls of my countrymen

and kindred, when, and as often, as it shall seem good to the Superior of this college," &c.*

Be it remembered, that our long vacation is their chiefest term; for, in the months of August or September, these colleges receive their annual supplies of green Students, and then dispatch their ripe Noviciates for England; or, if you will, then take in young spawn, and send their old frogs over hither a-croaking. All that I will add is this: If covetousness should prevail so far as to pluck down protestant colleges in England, whilst superstition preserves and increaseth popish seminaries beyond the seas, sad would the sight be, to behold the truth on our side encumbered with ignorance, to encourage falsehood on theirs advantaged with learning and languages.

24. The Pope excommunicateth the Queen.

Pope Pius V. had now long patiently expected the amendment of queen Elizabeth; and, weary with his waiting in vain, resolved at last, (if not wisely, valiantly,) that, seeing desperate diseases must have desperate cures, he would thunder his excommunication against her, according to the tenor following:

"A sentence declaratory of our holy lord pope Pius V. against Elizabeth queen of England, and the heretics adhering unto her. Wherein also her subjects are declared absolved from the oath of allegiance, and every other thing due unto her whatsoever; and those, which from henceforth obey her, are innodated with the anathema.

"Pius, bishop, servant to God's servants, for a future memorial of the matter.

"He that reigneth on high, to whom is given all power in heaven and in earth, committed one holy catholic and apostolic church, out of which there is no salvation, to one alone upon earth; namely, to Peter the chief of the apostles, and to Peter's successor, the bishop of Rome, to be governed in fulness of power. Him alone he made prince over all people, and all kingdoms, to pluck up, destroy, scatter, consume, plant, and build: that he may contain the faithful that are knit together, with the band of charity in the unity of the Spirit, and present them spotless, and unblamable to their Saviour. In discharge of which function, we, which are by God's goodness called to the government of the aforesaid church, do spare no pains, labouring with all earnestness, that unity, and the catholic religion, (which the Author thereof hath, for the trial of his children's faith, and for our amendment, suffered with so great afflictions,) might be preserved uncorrupt. But the number of the ungodly hath gotten

In the continuation of SANDERS De Schismate Anglicano, page 116.

such power, that there is now no place left in the whole world which they have not assayed to corrupt with their most wicked doctrines: amongst others, Elizabeth, the pretended queen of England, the servant of wickedness, lending thereunto her helping hand, with whom, as in a sanctuary, the most pernicious of all have found a refuge. This very woman, having seized on the kingdom, and monstrously usurping the place of supreme head of the church, in all England, and the chief authority and jurisdiction thereof, hath again brought back the said kingdom into miserable destruction, which was then newly reduced to the catholic faith and good fruits.

"For, having by strong hand inhibited the exercise of the true religion, which Mary, the lawful queen, of famous memory, had by the help of this see restored, after it had been formerly overthrown by Henry VIII, a revolter therefrom; and following and embracing the errors of heretics, she hath removed the royal council consisting of the English nobility, and filled it with obscure men, being heretics, suppressed the embracers of the catholic faith, placed dishonest preachers and ministers of impieties, abolished the sacrifice of the mass, prayers, fastings, choice of meats, unmarried life, and the catholic rites and ceremonies; commanded books to be read in the whole realm, containing manifest heresy and impious mysteries, and institutions by herself entertained and observed, according to the prescript of Calvin, to be likewise observed by her subjects; presumed to throw bishops, parsons of churches, and other catholic priests, out of their churches and benefices, and to bestow them and other church-livings upon heretics, and to determine of churchcauses; prohibited the prelates, clergy, and people, to acknowledge the church of Rome, or obey the precepts and canonical sanctions thereof; compelled most of them to condescend to her wicked laws, and to abjure the authority and obedience of the bishop of Rome, and to acknowledge her to be sole lady in temporal and spiritual matters, and this by oath; imposed penalties and punishments upon those which obeyed not, and exacted them of those which persevered in the unity of the faith, and their obedience aforesaid; cast the catholic prelates and rectors of churches in prison, where many of them, being spent with long languishing and sorrow, miserably ended their lives. All which things, seeing they are manifest and notorious to all nations, and by the gravest testimony of very many so substantially proved, that there is no place at all left for excuse, defence, or evasion; we, seeing that impieties and wicked actions are multiplied one upon another; and, moreover, that the persecution of the faithful, and affliction for religion, groweth every day heavier and heavier, through the instigation and means of the said Elizabeth; because we understand her mind to be so hardened and

indurate, that she hath not only contemned the godly requests and admonitions of catholic princes, concerning her healing and conver.. sion; but (alas!) hath not so much as permitted the nuncios of this see to cross the seas into England; are constrained of necessity to betake ourselves to the weapons of justice against her, not being able to mitigate our sorrow, that we are drawn to take punishment upon one, to whose ancestors the whole state of all Christendom hath been so much bounden. Being, therefore, supported with His authority whose pleasure it was to place us (though unable for so great a burden) in this supreme throne of justice, we do, out of the fulness of our apostolic power, declare the aforesaid Elizabeth, being a heretic and a favourer of heresies, and her adherents in the matters aforesaid, to have incurred sentence of anathema, and to be cut off from the unity of the body of Christ. And, moreover, we do declare her to be deprived of her pretended title to the kingdom aforesaid, and of all dominion, dignity, and privilege whatsoever; and also the nobility, subjects, and people of the said kingdom, and all other which have in any sort sworn unto her, to be for ever absolved from any such oath, and all manner of duty of dominion, allegiance, and obedience; as we do also by authority of these presents absolve them, and do deprive the same Elizabeth of her pretended title to the kingdom, and all other things above-said. And we do command, and interdict all and every the noblemen, subjects, people, and others aforesaid, that they presume not to obey her, or her monitions, mandates, and laws; and those which shall do the contrary, we do innodate with the like sentence of anathema. And, because it were a matter of too much difficulty to convey these presents to all places, wheresoever it shall be needful, our will is, that the copies thereof, under a public notary's hand, and sealed with the seal of an ecclesiastical prelate, or of his court, shall carry together the same credit, with all people, judicially and extra-judicially, as these presents should do if they were exhibited or showed.

"Given at Rome, at St. Peter's, in the year of the incarnation of our Lord one thousand five hundred sixty-nine, the fifth of the kalends of March, and of our popedom the fifth year.

“CÆ. GLORIERIUS. "H. CUMYN."

25. The different Opinions of the English Catholics concerning this Excommunication.

The principal persons, whose importunity solicited the pope to thunder out this excommunication, were Dr. Harding, Dr. Stapleton, Dr. Morton, and Dr. Web. And now the news thereof flying over

into England, variously affected the catholics, according to their several dispositions.

1. Some admired and applauded the resolution of his Holiness, expecting all persons should instantly start from the infectious presence of the queen; and that that virgin-rose, so blasted, should immediately wither.

2. Others would not believe that there was any such excommunication at all, but that it was a mere slander, devised by the common enemy, to make all catholics odious.

3. Others accounted such excommunication, though denounced, of no validity, because the reasons which moved the pope thereunto were falsely and surreptitiously suggested to his Holiness.*

4. Others did question the lawfulness of all excommunications of princes, according to the rule of St Thomas, princeps et multitudo non est excommunicanda, where the uncertain profit which might follow could not countervail the certain mischief which would

ensue.

5. Others did condemn the present excommunication, pro hic et nunc, as inexpedient, probable to incense and exasperate the queen to more severity, and make her gird her government closer to their sides who thought to shake it off. This was apparent by the woful experience of the excommunication denounced against king Henry VIII. Yea, Watson, bishop of Lincoln, (if his namesake may be credited,+) was exceedingly grieved at the pope's proceedings herein, foreseeing the inconvenience that would thence arise. This same Watson was he, who, in the first of queen Elizabeth, would, in all haste, by his own bare episcopal power, have excommunicated her; but now, older and wiser, mollified with ten years' durance, he altered his opinion.

6. Others were unsatisfied in the authenticalness of the instrument, who never did or durst see the original, and were unresolved whether the copies were sufficiently attested.

7. Others were perplexed in point of conscience, how far they were bound to obey herein; seeing the law of nature obligeth the wife in duty to her husband excommunicated; and the same reason is of the servant to the master, subject to the prince.

8. Lastly. Others were troubled in point of policy, having their persons and estates in the queen's power; and Bannes the schoolman pleadeth, that "subjects are not bound to desert or resist their prince, when such actions necessarily infer danger of death, and loss of goods."

But, leaving them to have their scruples satisfied by their confessors, this causeless curse to queen Elizabeth was turned into a • WATSON'S Quodlibets, page 262. + Ibid. page 260.

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