ministers in the United States was 2,919, against 2,761 in 1865. In Canada and the provinces there were 90, and 86 in 1865, so that the whole number was 3,009 in 1866, and 2,888 in 1865. Of these only 862 were reported as settled pastors, while 912 were returned as acting pastors or stated supplies, and 236 were so returned that it could not be told whether they were pastors or stated supplies. Of the rest 879 were reported as not engaged in the pastoral work. Very many of these were professors in colleges and theological schools, or teachers in academies and private schools. There was also a large force connected with the several benevolent societies and general Christian enterprises in various parts of the land. The total membership of the churches within the bounds of the United States was 267,453 against 263,296 in 1865, a gain of 4,157. Adding the membership in Canada and the provinces, it stood 272,975 in 1866, and 269,062 in 1865. From seventeen States reports of benevolent contributions were received, while thirteen States and Territories made no report. The whole sum returned was $1,024,720.87. Of this sum Massachusetts gave $392,244.09; Connecticut, $257,164.60; New York, $93,130; Maine, $49,409; New Hampshire, $44,905; Ohio, $41,396; Vermont, $38,583.62, and from other States smaller suins varying from $25,000 downward. If the whole sum given in charity in all the States and Territories were reported, it would not probably fall far short of $1,500,000.

The American Home Missionary Society sus tains a number of missionaries in the Southern States, where Congregationalism before the war was almost entirely unrepresented. From the report made by the agent of the Society, the Rev. J. E. Roy, on the Southern Missions of the Society in 1866, we glean the following facts:

The church organized in Memphis one year and a half ago by your missionary, Rev. E. T. Bliss, I found in a prosperous condition. It had already assumed the pastor's salary of $2,000; it had a membership of forty-four, a growing congregation, and a flourishing Sabbath-school. Having promise of aid from the Congregational Union, it was raising the generous sum of $8,000 for a house of worship, which is now in process of erection.

The church at Washington, under Rev. Dr. C. B. Boynton, Chaplain of the House, with its one hundred and twenty members-several of whom have recently been added on profession of faith-I found in a hopeful condition.

At Knoxville I found Rev. T. D. P. Stone, who has been commissioned to labor for a season at that place. At Chattanooga, a place of classic interest, with its Lookout Mountain, its Chickamauga, its Missionary Ridge, its National Cemetery, I found the field open

and ready for a missionary.

At Helena, Ark., where the old churches had all become disintegrated, I found a few Congregational friends from the North desiring a minister.

At New Orleans I assisted in organizing a corporate religious society of twenty-seven male members, which elected as its president Mr. S. D. Moody, a young merchant from Boston, who seals his earnest. ness in the work by a subscription of five hundred dollars. Five of these members are old and influen

tial loyal citizens. The remainder are persons from he North, settled in business. I am glad to learn

that the Congregational Union has purchased for this society the Second Presbyterian Church, which is in a fine, central, and easily accessible location. At Savannah I took the initiative for organizing a religious society and securing a minister. Thirty business men attached their names to a paper, pledg ing themselves to become members of such a society, and to contribute, through it, for the support of the gospel; while twenty other persons gave assurance of sympathy and cooperation. Of the thirty gentlemen referred to, two-thirds are ex-officers of the army, settled there in business, while nearly the same proportion of the other adherents are men who have borne the same honor.

At Newbern, N. C., I found the enterprise which had been initiated by the Rev. Horace James in a flourishing condition. A corporate religious society of forty members had been organized. Rev. A. A. Ellsworth bad assumed the ministerial care of the society, and was proving himself admirably adapted to the situation. The society had assumed the entire salary, only the expense of his removal having been taken from your treasury.

Richmond, with its forty thousand inhabitants, its superb water-power, its inland navigation, and its much importance. I was permitted to prepare the oceanic commerce, is destined to become a city of way there for a religious society. Twenty-five gentlemen signed a paper approving such a movement, and pledging to it the support of their personal influ ence and substance.

The English Congregational Year-Book for 1867 contains the statistics of Congregationalism in England as far as they could be ascertained up to December, 1866. The following are the most important points as presented by the Year-Book:

County Associations and Unions.-England, 43; Wales, 16; Scotland, 8; Ireland, 1; Colonies, 8. Total 76.

Congregational Churches.-England, 1,923; Wales, 788; Scotland, 105; Ireland 27; Channel Islands, 13; Colonies, 278. Total, 3,134. Out-stations of the Congregational churches, 1,065. Mission churches in foreign lands, 249. The number of out-stations and preaching places connected with these mission churches is not known. Stations of the Home Missionary Society, 119; Evangelistic stations of the Home Missionary Society, 60; rooms, cottages, farmhouses, in which the agents preach, 340; lay preachers in home missionary stations, 233; lay preachers in Welsh churches, 293; Evangelistic agents in Home Missionary Society, 59; native teachers in foreign missions, 700.

Vacant Churches.-England, 192; Wales, 87; Scotland, 9; Ireland, 7. Total, 295.

Theological Colleges.-England, 8; Wales, 3; Scotland, 1; Colonies, 4. Total, 16. Preparatory or missionary institutions, 5, viz.: Cotton End, Nottingham, Bristol, Bedford, Highgate. Private seminaries for theological preparation, 4. Total number of students in theological colleges: England, 196; Wales, 90; Scotland, 6. Total, 293.

Students in preparatory institutions: Cotton End, 6; Bedford, 11; Nottingham, 53; Bristol, 18; Highgate, 10. Total, 98.

Ministers in England, 1,826; Wales, 407; Scotland, 105; Ireland, 25; in the Colonies, 217; foreign lands, 202. Total. 2.782.

CONGRESS, UNITED STATES. The first session of the Thirty-ninth Congress * assembled at Washington on December 4, 1865. (For the President's Message, see PUBLIO DOCUMENTS, ANNUAL CYCLOPÆDIA, 1865.)

The Senate was called to order by the President pro tem., Mr. Foster, of Connecticut, Mr.

*The following is a list of the members of Congress:

SENATE.

California-James A. McDougall, John Conness. Connecticut-Lafayette S. Foster, James Dixon. Delaware-George Read Riddle, Willard Saulsbury. Illinois-Lyman Trumbull, Richard Yates. Indiana-Henry S. Lane, Thomas A. Hendricks. Iowa-James W. Grimes, Samuel J. Kirkwood. Kansas-Samuel C. Pomeroy, James H. Lane. Kentucky-Garret Davis, James Guthrie. Maine-Lot M. Morrill, William Pitt Fessenden. Massachusetts-Charles Sumner, Henry Wilson. Maryland-John A. J. Creswell, Reverdy Johnson. Michigan-Zachariah Chandler, Jacob M. Howard. Minnesota-Alexander Ramsey, Daniel S. Norton. Missouri-B. Gratz Brown, John B. Henderson. Nevada-William M. Stewart, James W. Nye. New Hampshire-Daniel Clark, Aaron H. Cragin. New Jersey-William Wright, John P. Stockton.* New York-Ira Harris, Edwin D. Morgan. Ohio-John Sherman, Benjamin F. Wade. Oregon-James W. Nesmith, George H. Williams. Pennsylvania-Edgar Cowan, Charles R. Buckalew. Rhode Island-William Sprague, Henry B. Anthony. +Tennessee-David D. Patterson, J. S. Fowler. Vermont-Luke P. Poland, Solomon Foot. West Virginia-Peter G. Van Winkle, Waitman T. Willey.

Wisconsin-Timothy O. Howe, James R. Doolittle.

Not admitted at this session.

Alabama-George S. Houston, Lewis E. Parsons.
Arkansas-E. Baxter, William D. Snow.
Louisiana-R. King Cutler, Michael Hahn.
Mississippi-William L. Sharkey, J. L. Alcorn.

North Carolina-John Pool, William A. Graham.

South Carolina-John L. Manning, Benjamin F. Perry. Virginia--John C. Underwood, Joseph Segar.

Connecticut-Henry C. Deming, Samuel L. Warner, Augustus Brandagce, John H. Hubbard.

Delaware-John A. Nicholson.

Illinois-John Wentworth, John F. Farnsworth, Elihu B. Washburne, Abner C. Harding, Ebon C. Ingersoll, Burton C. Cook, H. P. H. Bromwell, Shelby M. Cullom, Lewis W. Ross, Anthony Thornton, Samuel S. Marshall, Jehu Baker, Andrew J. Kuykendall; at large, S. W. Moulton. Indiana-William E. Niblack, Michael C. Kerr, Ralph Hill, John H. Farquhar, George W. Julian, Ebenezer Dumont, Daniel W. Voorhees,§ Godlove S. Orth, Schuyler Colfax, Joseph H. Defrees, Thomas N. Stillwell.

Iowa James F. Wilson, Hiram Price, William B. Allison, Josiah B. Grinnell, John A. Kasson, Asahel W. Hubbard.

Kansas-Sidney Clarke.

Kentucky-L. S. Trimble, Burwell C. Ritter, Henry Grider, Aaron Harding, Lovell H. Rousseau, Green Clay Smith, George S. Shanklin, William H. Randall, Samuel McKee.

Maine-John Lynch, Sidney Perham, James G. Blaine, John H. Rice, Frederick A. Pike.

Maryland-Hiram McCullough, John L. Thomas, Jr., Charles E. Phelps, Francis Thomas, Benjamin G. Harris. Massachusetts-Thomas D. Eliot, Oakes Ames, Alexander H. Rice, Samuel Hooper, John B. Alley, Nathaniel P. Banks, George S. Boutwell, John D. Baldwin, William B. Washburn, Henry L. Dawes.

Michigan-Fernando C. Beaman, Charles Upson, John W. Longyear, Thomas W. Ferry, Rowland E. Trowbridge, John F. Driggs.

Minnesota William Windom, Ignatius Donnelly. Missouri-John Hogan, Henry T. Blow, Thomas E.

Seat declared vacant.

Admitted near the close of the session.

Deceased March 23, and succeeded by George F. Edmunds. Seat given to Henry D. Washburn.

Wright, of New Jersey, presented the creden tials of Johr P. Stockton, of New Jersey, elected by the Legislature to serve for six years from March 4, 1865.

Mr. Cowan, of Pennsylvania, said: "Before the oaths are administered, I beg leave to present the protest of several members of the

Noell, John R. Kelso, Joseph W. McClurg, Robert T. Van Horn, Benjamin F. Loan, John F. Benjamin, George W. Anderson.

Nevada-Delos R. Ashley.

New Hampshire-Gilman Marston, Edward H. Rollins, James W. Patterson.

New Jersey-John F. Starr, William A. Newell, Charles Sitgreaves, Andrew J. Rogers, Edwin R. V. Wright.

New York-Stephen Tabor, Tunis G. Bergen, James Humphrey, Morgan Jones, Nelson Taylor, Henry J. Raymond, John W. Chanler, James Brooks, William A. Darling, William Radford, Charles H. Winfield, John H. Ketcham, Edwin N. Hubbell, Charles Goodyear, John A. Griswold, Robert S. Hale, Calvin T. Hulburd, James M. Marvin, Demas Hubbard, Jr., Addison H. Laflin, Roscoe Conkling, Sidney T. Holmes, Thomas T. Davis, Theodore M. Pomeroy, Daniel Morris, Giles W. Hotchkiss, Hamilton Ward, Roswell Hart, Burt Van Horn, James M. Humphrey, Henry Van Aernam.

Ohio Benjamin Eggleston, Rutherford B. Hays, Robert C. Schenck, William Lawrence, F. C. Le Blond, Reader W. Clark, Samuel Shellabarger, James R. Hubbell, Ralph P. Buckland, James M. Ashley, Hezekiah S. Bundy, William E. Finck, Columbus Delano, Martin Welker, Tobias E. Plants, John A. Bingham, Ephraim R. Eckley, Rufus P. Spalding, James A. Garfield.

Oregon-John H. D. Henderson.

Pennsylvania-Samuel J. Randall, Charles O'Neill, Leonard Myers, William D. Kelley, M. Russell Thayer, B. Markley Boyer, John M. Broomall, Sydenham E. Ancona, Thaddeus Stevens, Myer Strouse, Philip Johnson, Charles Denison, Ulysses Mercur, George F. Miller, Adam J. Glossbrenner, William H. Koontz, Abraham A. Barker, Stephen F. Wilson, Glenni W. Schofield, Charles Vernon Culver, John L. Dawson, James K. Moorhead, Thomas Williams, George V. Lawrence.

Rhode Island-Thomas A. Jenckes, Nathan F. Dixon. +Tennessee-Nathaniel G. Taylor, Horace Maynard, William B. Stokes, Edmund Cooper, William B. Campbell, S. M. Arnell, Isaac R. Hawkins, John W. Leftwich.

Vermont-Frederick E. Woodbridge, Justin S. Morrill, Portus Baxter.

West Virginia-Chester D. Hubbard, George R. Latham, Killian V. Whaley.

Wisconsin-Halbert E. Paine, Ithamar C. Sloan, Amasa Cobb, Charles A. Eldridge, Philetus Sawyer, Walter D. McIndoe.

Not admitted at this session.

Alabama-C. C. Langdon, George C. Freeman, Cullen A. Battle, Joseph W. Taylor, B. T. Pope, T. J. Jackson. Arkansas- Byers, Lorenzo Gibson, J. M. Johnson. Florida-F. McLeod.

Georgia-Solomon Cohen, Philip Cook, Hugh Buchanan, E. G. Cabaniss, J. D. Matthews, J. H. Christy, W. T. Wofford.

Louisiana-Louis St. Martin, Jacob Barker, Robert C. Wickliffe, John E. King, John S. Young.

Mississippi-A. E. Reynolds, B. A. Pinson, James T. Harrison, A. M. West, E. G. Peyton.

North Carolina-Jesse R. Stubbs, Charles C. Clark, Thomas C. Fuller, Josiah Turner, Jr., Bedford Brown, S. H. Walkup, A. H. Jones.

South Carolina-John D. Kennedy, William Aiken, Samuel McGowan, James Farrow.

Virginia-W. H. B. Custis, Lucius H. Chandler, B. Johnson Barbour, Robert Ridgway, Beverly A. Davis, Alexander H H. Stuart, Robert Y. Conrad, Daniel H. Hoge.

Delegates from the Territories.

Arizona-John N. Goodwin.

Colorado-Allen A. Bradford.
Dakota-Walter A. Burleigh.
Idaho-E. D. Holbrook,
Montana-Samuel McLean.
Nebraska-Phineas W. Hitchcock.
New Mexico-J. Francesco Chavez.
Utah-William H. Hooper.
Washington-Arthur A. Denny.

*Seat given to William E. Dodge.

Admitted near the close of the session.

Legislature of New Jersey, protesting against the right of Mr. Stockton to take his seat here as a Senator. I do not desire to raise the question as to whether he may not be sworn, because I believe his credentials are prima facie sufficient for that purpose; but I desire that these papers may be laid before the Senate and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary when that committee shall be organized, in order that the prayer of the memorialists may be heard, and such order taken upon it as the Senate in their wisdom may decree."

The protest was received and laid upon the table, for future reference to the Committee on the Judiciary, and the oath was administered to Mr. Stockton.

Mr. Sumner, of Massachusetts, submitted the following concurrent resolution declaratory of the adoption of the constitutional amendment abolishing slavery, which was laid on the table and ordered to be printed:

Whereas, the Congress, by a vote of two-thirds of both Houses, did heretofore propose to the Legislatures of the several States, for ratification, an amendment to the Constitution in the following words, to wit:

"ARTICLE XIII. Sec. 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

And whereas, at the time when such amendment was submitted as well as since, there were sundry States which, by reason of rebellion, were without Legislatures, so that, while the submission was made in due constitutional form, it was not, as it could not be, made to all the States, but to "the Legislatures of the several States," in obedience both to the letter and spirit of the provision of the Constitution authorizing amendments, there being a less number of Legislatures of States than there were States; and whereas, since the Constitution expressly authorizes amendments to be made, any construction thereof which would render the making of amendments at times impossible, must violate both its letter and its spirit; and whereas, to require the ratification to be by States without Legislatures as well as by "the Legislatures of the States," in order to be pronounced valid, would put it in the power of a long-continued rebellion to suspend, not only the peace of the nation, but its Constitution also; and whereas, from the terms of the Constitution, and the nature of the case, it belongs to the two Houses of Congress to determine when such ratification is complete; and whereas more than three-fourths of the Legislatures to which the proposition was made have ratified such amendment: Now, therefore,

Be it resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That the amendment abolishing slavery has become, and is, a part of the Constitution of the United States.

Resolved, That notwithstanding the foregoing resolution, and considering the great public interest which attaches to this question, the Legislatures which have not ratified the amendment, be permitted to express their concurrence therein by the usual form of ratification, to be returned in the usual

manner.

Resolved, That no one of the States, to the Legislature of which such amendment could not be submitted, by reason of its being in rebellion against the United States, and having no Legislature. be permit ted to resume its relations, and have its Legislature

acknowledged, and its Senators and Representatives admitted, until its Legislature shall have first ratified fact. such amendment in recognition of the accomplished

Mr. Sumner also submitted the following resolutions, which were laid over: Resolutions declaratory of the duty of Congress in respect to guaranties of the national security and the national faith in the rebel States.

ties for security in the future, so that peace and prosResolved, That, in order to provide proper guaranperity shall surely prevail, and the plighted faith of the nation shall be preserved, it is the first duty of Congress to take care that no State declared to be in rebellion shall be allowed to resume its relations to the Union until after the satisfactory performance of five several conditions, which conditions precedent must be submitted to a popular vote, and be sanctioned by a majority of the people of each State respectively, as follows:

shown by an honest recognition of the unity of the 1. The complete reestablishment of loyalty, as Republic, and the duty of allegiance to it at all times, without mental reservation or equivocation of any kind.

pretensions, and the complete enfranchisement of all 2. The complete suppression of all oligarchical citizens, so that there shall be no denial of rights on account of color or race; but justice shall be impartial, and all shall be equal before the law.

time the adoption, in just proportion, of the national 3. The rejection of the rebel debt, and at the same with solemn pledges never to join in any measure, debt and the national obligations to Union soldiers, direct or indirect, for their repudiation, or in any way tending to impair the national credit.

4. The organization of an educational system for the equal benefit of all without distinction of color or

race.

5. The choice of citizens for office, whether State or national, of constant and undoubted loyalty, whose conduct and conversation shall give assurance of peace and reconciliation.

safeguards, without which the national security and Resolved, That in order to provide these essential the national faith will be imperilled, States cannot be precipitated back to political power and independin all respects fulfilled. ence; but they must wait until these conditions are

Mr. Sumner also submitted the following resolutions, on the duty of Congress to the Southern States, which were ordered to be printed: Resolutions declaratory of the duty of Congress, especially in respect to loyal citizens in rebel States.

Whereas, it is provided by the Constitution that "the United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government; and whereas there are certain States where, by reason of rebellion, there are no State governments recognized by Congress; and whereas, because of the failure of such States respectively to maintain State governments, it has become the duty of Congress, standing in the place of guarantor, where the principal has made a lapse, to provide governments, republican in form, for such States respectively: Now, therefore, in order to declare the duty of Congress

1. Resolved, That whenever a convention is called in any of such States for the organization of a government, the following persons have a right to be represented therein, namely, the citizens of the State who have taken no part in the rebellion; especially all those whose exclusion from the ballot enabled the rest to carry the State into the rebellion, and still more especially those who became soldiers in the armies of the Union, and by their valor on the battle. field turned the tide of war and made the Union triumphant; and Congress must refuse to sanction the

proceedings of any convention composed of delegates chosen by men recently in arms against the Union, and excluding men who perilied their lives in its defence; unless its proceedings have been first approved by those hereby declared to be entitled to participate therein.

2. Resolved, That the Constitution of the United States being supreme over State laws and State constitutions in respect of these matters upon which it speaks, and the duty being now imposed by it on Congress to legislate for the establishment of government in such States respectively, it is hereby declared that no supposed State law or State constitution can be set up as an impediment to the national power in the discharge of this duty.

3. Resolved, That since, also, it has become the duty of Congress to determine what is a republican form of government, it is hereby declared that no government of a State recently in rebellion can be accepted as republican, where large masses of citizens who have been always loyal to the United States are excluded from the elective franchise, and especially where the wounded soldier of the Union, with all his kindred and race, and also the kindred of others whose bones whiten the battle-fields where they died for their country, are thrust away from the polls to give place to the very men by whose hands wounds and death were inflicted; more particularly where, as in some of those States, the result would be to disfranchise the majority of the citizens who were always loyal, and give to the oligarchical minority recently engaged in carrying on the rebellion the power to oppress the loyal majority, even to the extent of driving them from their homes and depriving them of all opportunity of livelihood.

4. Resolved, That in all those cases where, by reason of rebellion, there is a lapse in the State government, and it becomes the duty of Congress to provide a government for the State, no government can be accepted as "a republican form of government" where a large proportion of native-born citizens, charged with no crime and no failure of duty, is left wholly unrepresented, although compelled to pay taxes; and especially where a particular race is singled out and denied all representation, although compelled to pay taxes; more especially where such race constitutes the majority of the citizens, and where the enfranchised minority has forfeited its rights by rebellion; and more especially still where, by such exclusion, the oligarchical enemies of the Republic can practically compel it to break faith with national soldiers and national creditors to whose generosity it was indebted during a period of peril.

In the House, on the 4th, the members were called to order by the Clerk, Edward McPher

eon.

During the call of the roll, Mr. Maynard, of Tennessee, arose to speak, when the Clerk declined to have any interruption of the call.

Mr. Morrill, of Vermont, moved that the House proceed to the election of Speaker.

Mr. Brooks, of New York, in opposition to the motion, said: "Mr. Clerk, I hope that motion will not prevail until it be settled who are members of this House-whether the honorable gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Maynard), holding in his hand, I presume, the certificate of the Governor of that State, is entitled to be heard on his credentials or not. I trust that we shall not proceed to any revolutionary step like that without at least hearing from the honorable gentleman from Tennessee. For if Tennessee is not in the Union, and has not been in the Union, and is not a loyal State, ard the

people of Tennessee are aliens and foreigners to this Union, by what right does the President of the United States usurp his place in the White House and in the capital of the country when an alien, as he must be, a foreigner, and not from a State in the Union?

"I trust there will not be such rapidity of motion as that proposed. I trust that the honorable gentleman from Tennessee will be permitted to be heard. For, if a precedent can be established by the Clerk, and he can make a rule to exclude members from the floor of this House by his mere arbitrary will, this then ceases to be a Congress, and the Clerk of the House, but a servant of the House, is omnipotent over in the Union? its organization. Is not the State of Tennessee

"And then there is a State of Virginia which the Clerk has not read; I mean the old State of Virginia, and not Western Virginia-the State over which Governor Pierpoint presides, over which he has presided, and to which position he was elected during the war, whose loyalty no man doubts, and who is as much the Governor of that State as the Governor of Pennsylvania is Governor of the State of Pennsylvania. By what right has the Virginia delegation been excluded by the Clerk of the House? I wish the Clerk would tell me. has given no reason for such exclusion, and I should be happy to yield the floor for a moment to enable him to state why both Tennessee and Virginia have been excluded from the list he has made.".

He

The Clerk: "With the consent of the gentleman I will state that if it be the desire of the House to have my reasons, I will give them; but I have not felt justified or called upon to give any reasons; I have acted in accordance with my views of duty, and I am willing to let the record stand."

Mr. Stevens, of Pennsylvania, said: "It is not necessary. We know all."

Mr. Brooks continued: "I know that it is known to all in one quarter, but that it is not known to many in other quarters in this House, why this exclusion has been made. The State of Louisiana was here upon the floor of the House last year, by the admission of gentlemen from that State. The record is in the Congressional Globe; and now Louisiana is excluded. A Republican House, a Republican majority, permitted two members from Louisiana upon the floor of this House to vote for its Speaker; and now the Clerk of the House assumes the responsibility of excluding the State of Louisiana. Why this subversion of all precedents, as well as this overthrow of all law?"

Mr. Washburne, of Illinois, said: "The gentleman from New York will understand that the Clerk of the last House of Representatives put the names of those two gentlemen from Louisiana upon the roll, and they did, in fact, vote for Speaker; but afterward the House refused to permit them to be sworn in as members."