78. To suspend, for a further time, the duties upon the manufacture of snuff within the United States, and the drawback upon the exportation thereof.

79. Making certain appropriations, and to authorize the President to obtain a loan on the credit of the direct tax.

80. Allowing an additional compensation to the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives, and their Clerks, for the present session of Congress.

81. Making certain additional appropriations for the year 1798.

82. Authorizing the grant and conveyance of a certain lot or piece of ground to Eli Williams.

83. To alter and amend the several acts for the establishment and regulation of the Treasury, War and Navy Departments.

84. To amend the act, intitled, "An act to suspend the commercial intercourse between the Uni ted States and France.

85. An act in addition to the act, intitled, "An act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States." The 1st clause of this act, which was termed the Sedition Act, ordained," that if any person should unlawfully combine or oppose any measure of the government of the United States, or intimidate any person holding a place or office under the same, he shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction, be punished by a fine not exceeding 5000 dollars, and im

prisoned during a term not less than six months, and not exceeding five years."

2d clause expressed, "that if any person should write or publish, or cause to be written or published, any libel against the government of the United States, or either House of Congress, or against the President, he should be punished by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars, and by imprisonment not exceeding two years. This act was to continue in force until the 3d of March, 1801.

CHAPTER VI.

Reflections on the conduct of the President....Dismission of Mr. Gardner of New-Hampshire.... Spies encouraged....Anecdote of the Spy Oram..... Treatment to General Sumpter of South-Carolina, at the New-Circus, Philadelphia....Federal mob on the 9th of May, 1798....Dismission of Dr. James Reynolds from the Dispensary at Philadelphia....Persecution by the Dunkards....Federal addresses....Vanity of the President....Remarks of Mr. Callender on the President's answer to the New-Jersey Militia....Procession of the President from Quincy to Boston...Bostonian honors....Reception given to the President at Fanuiel-Hall.... Characters of the Senators and Members of the House of Representatives.

THE beginning of the year 1798 may not improperly be styled the commencement of the reign of terror in the United States. Previous to the spring of this year, the image of a republic, and the mildness of Washington's administration were The unfortupreserved with a decent reverence. nate alien had not to dread a dungeon more horrible than that which he escaped, nor was the pen or the lips of the patriot compelled to submit to the rigid forms of a sedition law. The wavering intellect of Mr. Adams had only now assumed the consistency of a tyrant. Although he might have long aspired at sovereign power, his administration

was unstained with acts of cruelty. He had not, previous to this period, calumniated virtue, punished merit, rewarded vice, and given a poignancy to the rage of contending parties. Whatever his intentions might formerly have been, his conscience and not the world witnessed their criminality.

William Gardner, commissioner of loans for New-Hampshire, a man of honor and integrity, was one of the first whom he deprived of the means of supporting a numerous family, on account of his political principles. This gentleman had in December, 1790, accepted the above office....he was then treasurer of New-Hampshire, a place worth about a thousand dollars per annum....his situation as commissioner amounted only to six hundred and fifty....he did not solicit his new office....he was urged to accept of it by an assurance that Congress would augment the salary....as they did not, Mr. Gardner signified his intention to resign within eighteen months after his acceptance. Mr. Hamilton, then Secretary of the Treasury, sent him a letter in answer, dated the 14th of June, 1792. In this letter, Mr. Hamilton expresses the warmest approbation of Mr. Gardner's services, and regrets that they had not been adequately rewarded....he solicited him to continue his situation, with the assurance that his salary would be enlarged. Mr. Gardner received two other letters in the same style from Mr. Hamilton, and two from his successor, Mr. Wolcott....of these, the last is dated so late as February 6th, 1797. In summer, 1798, he X

was turned out, for refusing to subscribe an address to the President which was circulated at Portsmouth, in New-Hampshire, couched in the most fulsome style, and breathing only slander and servile bombast.

The same system of persecution was immediately extended all over the continent Every person holding an office was obliged to resign, or adore Mr. Adams as the Augustus of the new world.... a catalogue of their expulsions would fill a pamphlet. Spies were employed to report to the Executive every action and every word which reflected upon the President or his servants. No public company was free from these hired slaves of tyranny..the tables of the virtuous were besieged by their sycophancy and betrayed by their hypocrisy. One of them, by name Oram, had even the audacity to introduce himself into a hotel where the VicePresident lodged. The mind of Mr. Jefferson is above suspicion or disguise....his conversations on philosophy and politics were carried to the Inquisition at Braintree, there new modelled, and afterwards handed to Abercromby, Linn and Mason, by whom they were trumpeted forth to the world. Mr. Adams had resolved to reward the villain by making him a captain of artillery, but the depraved part of the Senate were ashamed of his character, and the project was relinquished.

The Emperors of Rome, in the height of their power, received from their humble subjects not more servile marks of submission than were paid