was.affixed a satin curtain, and the following lines said to be the production of the Poet Trumbull: "First Advocate of Independence' cause; First to defend Columbia's balanc'd laws; First to oppose when Anarch's sons assail, A conscious, grateful people bid thee hail."

Such was the pomp and parade that usually took place whenever Mr. Adams was pleased to compliment the inhabitants of Boston with a courtly visit. A striking specimen of the genius and character of these people, who affect to hold in contempt the innocent and sprightly levity of the citizens in the Southern States.

It may be interesting to know how the Alien act, that powerful engine of tyranny which Mr. Adams so successfully wielded, was passed into a law. I shall, therefore, give an account of the proportion of votes from each State in favor of the bill and against it.

This act originated in the Senate of Congress, where it was read, for the first time, upon June 8, 1798. Humphrey Marshal, the poet, proposed an amendment of the second clause of the first section....it was in these words: "which order shall also express the cause of removal." Although nothing could be more reasonable than this amendment, it was rejected by seventeen votes against six.

The votes were fifteen against eight on the passing of the bill. They stood thus :

In favor of the Bill.

New-Hampshire, 1; Massachusetts, 1; RhodeIsland, 1; Connecticut, 2; Vermont, 2; NewYork, 2; New-Jersey, 1; Pennsylvania, 1 ; Delaware, 2; Maryland, 1; South-Carolina, 1.-Total. 15.

Against the Bill.

Virginia, 2; North-Carolina, 1; Kentucky, 2; Tennessee, 2; Georgia, 1.-Total 8.

It passed in the House of Representatives on the 21st of June, 1798, by forty-six votes against forty. Nineteen members were absent.

For the Bill.

New-Hampshire, 3; Massachusetts, 11; RhodeIsland, 2; Connecticut, 7; Vermont, 1; NewYork, 5; New-Jersey, 4; Pennsylvania, 4; Delaware, 1; Maryland, 4; Virginia, 1; North-Carolina, 1; South-Carolina, 2.-Total 46.

Against the Bill.

Massachusetts, 1; Vermont, i; New-York, 2 ; Pennsylvania, 6; Maryland, 3; Virginia, 11; Kentucky, 2; North-Carolina, 8; Tenessee, 1; South-Carolina, 3; Georgia, 2.—Total 40.

From whence it appears evident, that the passing of the Alien act was entirely owing to the NewEngland faction. Not one Senator from these States / voted against it, and only one Representative out of twenty-four who were present. On the contrary, eleven members from Virginia out of twelve who attended the House, exerted every effort to oppose

the bill. In the Senate, there were 14 members to the north of the river Potowmac, every one of whom supported it. Of the nine members to the south of that river, two voted for it and seven against it.

John Langdon, Senator from New-Hampshire, was absent at the passing of the bill. This is one of the few honest men whom New-England has sent to Congress. During the revolution his services were conspicuous; a firm adherence to republicanism has been a constant and uniform trait in his character ever since. But Mr. Langdon, like most other virtuous men, had the misfortune to incur the displeasure of Mr. Adams. The following letter which this Senator wrote to Samuel Ringold, of New-Hampshire, previous to the election of Mr. Jefferson, unfolds sufficiently his own principles as well as those of the President. It is one of those precious morsels of politi cal information which deserves a place in every publication intended to record the vices and views of the late administration.

"Portsmouth, October 10, 1800.

"DEAR SIR,

"Your agreeable favor of the 4th instant has this moment come to hand; I am greatly rejoiced to see gentlemen of property and influence coming forward at this eventful moment in the common cause of our country; I have no doubt we shall yet be saved.

"I am now packing my baggage, shall set out in the stage to-morrow morning for the city of Washington; hope to be in Baltimore the beginning of next month; this prevents me answering your letter so fully as I could wish, having only one moment to spare.

"In the conversation held between Mr. Adams, Mr. Taylor and myself, Mr. Adams certainly expressed himself (as far as my memory serves me) in the very words mentioned in your letter, viz. that he hoped, or expected to see the day when Mr. Taylor, and his friend Mr. Giles, would be convinced that the people of America would not be happy without an hereditary Chief Magistrate and Senate, or at least for life.

"Believe me sincerely,

"Your obedient servant,

"JOHN LANGDON.

SAMUEL RINGOLD."

It may be remembered that Mr. Callender requested time might be granted him to serve a subpœna on Mr. Langdon, as also on several others, whose evidence he believed would sufficiently prove the most material of his charges against Mr. Adams. But this necessary postponement, which would have shewn the President in his proper colours, was peremptorily refused by the Federal Court. This circumstance, and the conduct of Judge Chase on that occasion, shall be more particularly investigated when we come to narrate the trial of Mr. Callender.

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Mr. Langdon, to his other virtues, adds that of a charitable and generous mind....few of his countrymen possess this virtue in an equal degree. Inattentive to the spirit of party and political intrigue, his principal study and greatest ambition are to reward industry and obtain the applause of good men. On all occasions he has stood forth and exerted himself in the cause of the distressed and injured citizen. In short, which ever way we view Mr. Langdon, we find him fertile in every great and good qualification.

Leaving Mr. Langdon, we enter a barren waste. when we venture to explore the characters of the other Senators from New-England.

Theodore Sedgwick, of Massachusetts, and. James Hillhouse, of Connecticut, were the principal authors of the Alien and Sedition Acts; they also voted for Hamilton's plan of funding the domestic debt. A transaction more detestable than this scheme can hardly be conceived, when it is known that both these men had made considerable purchases in the certificates of the old army.

Foster, of Rhode-Island, is one of the weakest men in the United States. He voted, if we may believe his friends, for the plans of the President, without comprehending their tendency or import. His constituents, who sent him to Congress, and who were acquainted with the narrow extent of his talents, ought only to be censured.

Elijah Paine, from Vermont, presents a character of a different complexion. He displays on