came to the intestate on the part of his mother, and she be living; if she be dead, the inheritance descending on her part shall go to the father for life, and the reversion to the brothers and sisters of the intestate and their descendants, according to the law of inheritance by collateral relatives hereinafter provided; if there be no such brothers or sisters or their descendants living, such inheritance shall descend to the father in fee.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 284.

§ 85. When mother inherits.

If the intestate die without descendants and leave no father, or leave a father not entitled to take the inheritance under the last section, and leave a mother, and a brother or sister, or the descendant of a brother or sister, the inheritance shall descend to the mother for life, and the reversion to such brothers and sisters of the intestate as may be living, and the descendants of such as may be dead, according to the same law of inheritance hereinafter provided. If the intestate in such case leave no brother or sister or descendant thereof, the inheritance shall descend to the mother in fee.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 285.

§ 86. When collateral relatives inherit; collateral relatives of equal degree,

If there be no father or mother capable of inheriting the estate, it shall descend in the cases hereinafter specified to the collateral relatives of the intestate; and if there be several such relatives, all of equal degree of consanguinity to the intestate, the inheritance shall descend to them in equal parts, however remote from him the common degree of consanguinity may be.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 286.

§ 87. Brothers and sisters and their descendants.

If all the brothers and sisters of the intestate be living, the inheritance shall descend to them; if any of them be living and any be dead, to the brothers and sisters living, and the descendants, in whatever degree, of those dead; so that each living brother or sister shall inherit such share as would have descended to him or her if all the brothers and sisters of the intestate who shall have died, leaving issue, had been living, and so that such descendants in whatever degree shall collectively inherit the share which their parent would have received if living; and the same rule shall prevail as to

all direct lineal descendants of every brother and sister of the intes tate whenever such descendants are of unequal degrees.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 287.

§ 88. Brothers and sisters of father and mother and their descendants and grandparents.

If there be no heir entitled to take, under either of the preceding sections, the inheritance, if it shall have come to the intestate on the part of the father, shall descend:

1. To the brothers and sisters of the father of the intestate in equal shares, if all be living.

2. If any be living, and any shall have died,' leaving issue, to such brothers and sisters as shall be living and to the descendants of such as shall have died.

3. If all such brothers and sisters shall have died, to their de scendants.

4. If there be no such brothers or sisters of such father, nor any descendants of such brothers or sisters, to the brothers and sisters of the mother of the intestate, and to the descendants of such as shall have died, or if all have died, to their descendants. But, if the inheritance shall have come to the intestate on the part of his mother, it shall descend to her brothers and sisters and their descendants; and if there be none, to the brothers and sisters of the father and their descendants, in the manner aforesaid. If the inheritance has not come to the intestate on the part of either father or mother, it shall descend to the brothers and sisters both of the father and mother of the intestate, and their descendants in the same manner. In all cases mentioned in this section the inheritance shall descend to the brothers and sisters of the intestate's father or mother, as the case may be, or to their descendants in like manner as if they had been the brothers and sisters of the intestate.

5. If there be no such brothers or sisters of such father or mother, nor any descendants of such brothers or sisters, the inheritance, if it shall have come to the intestate on the part of his father, shall descend to his father's parents, then living, in equal parts, and if they be dead, then to his mother's parents, then living, in equal parts; but if the inheritance shall have come to the intestate on the part of his mother, it shall descend to his mother's parents, then living, in equal parts, and if they be dead, to his father's parents, then living, in equal parts. If the inheritance

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has not come to the intestate on the part of either father or mother, it shall descend to his living grandparents in equal parts.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 288, as amended by L. 1904, ch. 106, § 1.

§ 89. Illegitimate children.

If an intestate who shall have been illegitimate die without lawful issue, or illegitimate issue entitled to take, under this section, the inheritance shall descend to his mother; if she be dead, to his relatives on her part, as if he had been legitimate. If a woman die without lawful issue, leaving an illegitimate child, the inheritance shall descend to him as if he were legitimate. In any other case illegitimate children or relatives shall not inherit.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 289.

§ 90. Relatives of the half-blood.

Relatives of the half-blood and their descendants, shall inherit equally with those of the whole blood and their descendants, in the same degree, unless the inheritance came to the intestate by descent, devise or gift from an ancestor; in which case all those who are not of the blood of such ancestor shall be excluded from such inheritance..

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 290.

§ 91. Relatives of husband or wife.

When the inheritance shall have come to the intestate from a deceased husband or wife, as the case may be, and there be no person entitled to inherit under any of the preceding sections, then such real property of such intestate shall descend to the heirs of such deceased husband or wife, as the case may be, and the persons entitled, under the provisions of this section, to inherit such real property, shall be deemed to be the heirs of such intestate.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 290a, as added by L. 1901, ch. 481, § 1.

§ 92. Cases not hereinbefore provided for.

In all cases not provided for by the preceding sections of this article, the inheritance shall descend according to the course of the common law.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 291.

§ 93. Posthumous children and relatives.

A descendant or a relative of the intestate begotten before his death, but born' thereafter, shall inherit in the same manner as if

he had been born in the lifetime of the intestate and had survived

him.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 292.

§ 94. Inheritance, sole or in common.

When there is but one person entitled to inherit, he shall take and hold the inheritance solely; when an inheritance or a share of an inheritance descends to several persons they shall take as tenants in common, in proportion to their respective rights.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 293.

§ 95. Alienism of ancestor.

A person capable of inheriting under the provisions of this article, shall not be precluded from such inheritance by reason of the alienism of an ancestor.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 294.

§ 96. Advancements of real and personal estates.

If a child of an intestate shall have been advanced by him, by settlement or portion, real or personal property, the value thereof must be reckoned for the purposes of descent and distribution as part of the real and personal property of the intestate descendible to his heirs and to be distributed to his next of kin; and if such advancement be equal to or greater than the amount of the share which such child would be entitled to receive of the estate of the deceased, such child and his descendants shall not share in the estate of the intestate; but if it be less than such share, such child and his descendants shall receive so much, only, of the personal property, and inherit so much only, of the real property, of the intestate, as shall be sufficient to make all the shares of all the children in the whole property, including the advancement, equal. The value of any real or personal property so advanced, shall be deemed to be that, if any, which was acknowledged by the child by an instrument in writing; otherwise it must be estimated according to the worth of the property when given. Maintaining or educating a child, or giving him money without a view to a portion or settlement in life is not an advancement. An estate or interest given by a parent to a descendant by virtue of a beneficial power, or of a power in trust with a right of selection, is an advancement. Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 295.

Derivation:

§ 97. How advancement adjusted.

When an advancement to be adjusted consisted of real property, the adjustment must be made out of the real property descendible

to the heirs. When it consisted of personal property, the adjustment must be made out of the surplus of the personal property to be distributed to the next of kin. If either species of property is insufficient to enable the adjustment to be fully made, the deficiency must be adjusted out of the other.

Derivation: Real Property Law, L. 1896, ch. 547, § 296.

§ 98. Distribution of personal property of decedent.

If the deceased died intestate, the surplus of his personal property after payment of debts; and if he left a will, such surplus, after the payment of debts and legacies, if not bequeathed, must be distributed to his widow, children, or next of kin, in manner tollowing:

1. One-third part to the widow, and the residue in equal portions among the children, and such persons as legally represent the children if any of them have died before the deceased.

2. If there be no children, nor any legal representatives of them, then one-half of the whole surplus shall be allotted to the widow, and the other half distributed to the next of kin of the deceased, entitled under the provisions of this section.

3. If the deceased leaves a widow, and no descendant, parent, brother or sister, nephew or niece, the widow shall be entitled to the whole surplus; but if there be a brother or sister, nephew or niece, and no descendant or parent, the widow shall be entitled to one-half of the surplus as above provided, and to the whole of the residue if it does not exceed two thousand dollars; if the residue exceeds that sum, she shall receive in addition to the one-half, two thousand dollars; and the remainder shall be distributed to the brothers and sisters and their representatives.

4. If there be no widow, the whole surplus shall be distributed equally to and among the children, and such as legally represent them.

5. If there be no widów, and no children, and no representatives of a child, the whole surplus shall be distributed to the next of kin, in equal degree to the deceased, and their legal representatives; and if all the brothers and sisters of the intestate be living, the whole surplus shall be distributed to them; if any of them be living and any be dead, to the brothers and sisters living, and the descendants in whatever degree of those dead; so that to each living brother or sister shall be distributed such share as would have been distributed to him or her if all the brothers and sisters of the intes