foundly; perfpire'd fometimes; and now and then emited large quantitys of blood at the mouth. In the above year, she was in a very languid way, and ftil threw up what she drank.* Many additional instanceës, it is believe'd, are known to medical men, fome of which, if multiplication had appear'd necessary, might have been here adduce'd.

Since a fingle fact wil out-weigh a number of arguments or reasons, if it can be prove'd that nations or individuals, who have forborn the use of animal food have, in all respects, been as wel adapted to the most active or laborious life as thofe who have derive'd from it their chief or fole nutriment, there can remain little doubt of the fallacy of the above asfertion.

The athletae, or wrestleërs, who contended in the publick games of Greece, before the time of Gnatho Dipaeënfis, the first of them that ate animal food, were accustom'd to eat nothing but fig-cheese.t

If we go back, fays M. D'Arnay, to the first ageës of Rome, we fhal find that the Romans live'd moftly upon roots and milk, or upon

* Pennants Tour in Scotland MDCCLXXII, part II. London, 1776, 4to. Ap. Num. IV.

† Paufanias, B. 6, C. 7.

very coarse kind of pottage call'd pulmentum, which ferve'd them for bread; and that they ate flesh onely upon extraordinary occafions. Then, fays Seneca, were feen illuftrious old men cover'd with glory and with laurels, fiting by their fire-fides, and makeing their repasts of the roots which they themselves had cultivateëd, and gather'd in their garden. Ignorant of the art of ordering a feast, they posfefs'd that of conquering their enemys in war, and of governing the citizens in peace.*

If the ufe of animal food were abfolutely requifite to men in any fituation, it would be the exercise and fatigue of a military life: but that it is not esfential on this occafion wil be fuffi-` ciently prove'd.

"As i pafs'd," fays Howell, in one of his letters, "fome of the Pyreney-hills, i perceive'd the poor Labradors: fome of the country-people live no better than brute animals in point of food; for their ordinary commons is grafs and water; onely they have, allways, within their houfeës, a bottle of vinegar, and another of oil; and, when dinner or fupper-time comes, they

*The embasfadours of the Samnites found M. Curius at his farm, with nothing for his repaft but fome roots, which he ate by the corner of his fire-fide,

go abroad and gather their herbs, and fo caft vinegar and oil upon them; and wil pass thus two or three days without bread or wine: yet are they STRONG, LUSTY MEN, and wil STAND STIFLY UNDER A MUSKET.'

In one of the Engleifh regiments employ'd in America, dureing the war, was a German foldier, who had, on fome account, conceive'd an utter averfion to flesh-meat, of which he ufe'd to exchange his mefs with any of his comrades for bread. This man was healthy, active, and endure'd the greatest fatigues of the campaign as wel as any one in the regiment.†

The following is a ftil more fingular instance: "One Patrick O'Neale, born in the year 1647, marry'd his seventh wife in 1760. He ferve'd in the dragoons, in the feventeenth year of the reign of Charles II., and in different regiments til 1740, when he obtain'd his discharge. He had made all the campaigns of king William and the duke of Marlborough. This extraordinary perfon never drank any thing ftronger than fmall beer, and live'd upon vegetables. Notwithstanding his great age (ads the account) he

* B. 1, L. 23.

+ From the parol information of the captain, furname'd Mackenzie.

is wel in health, walks without a crutch, is hardly ever unemploy'd, and, every funday, goes to his parish-church, accompany'd by his childeren, grandchilderen, and great-grandchilderen."

"The Ruffian grenadiers," fays a letter from the Helder," are the fineëft body of men i ever faw, not a man is under fix feet high. Their allowance consists of eight pounds of black bread, four pounds of oil, and one pound of falt, per man, for eight days; and were you to fee them you would be convince'd that they look as well as if they live'd on roaftbeef and Engleish porter."†

The Saracens, who, under Mahomet, and his immediate fuccesfours, fubdue'd a confiderable part of the then known world, were remarkable for a hardynefs of constitution, and a firey spirit, which enable'd them to undergo the greatest fatigues, and render'd them the terrour of their enemys. Their chief drink was water; their food confifted, in a great measure, of milk, rice, and the fruits of the earth. Even the great Omar, who was Mahomets contemporary, and

*Cited by Rousfeau, from an Engleifh newspaper, in a note to Emilius, I, 48.

+ Sun, Sep. 25, 1799.

Ockleys History of the Saracens, I, 311

the fecond of his fuccesfours in the caliphate, live'd entirely on barley-bread, which he usually ate with a little falt. His onely drink was water.* It is not likely that animal food would have render'd fuch men more active, courageous or robuft, though it, undoubtedly, might have made them, like the bear in the note, † more favage and ferocious.

The Bedouins, or modern Arabs of the defart, are a most alert and military race, and yet, "it is an undoubted fact, that the quantity of food ufually confume'd by the greatest part of them does not exceed fix ounceës a day. Six or feven dates, foak'd in melted butter, ferve a man a whole day, and he esteems himself hapy, when he can ad a finall quantity of coarse flour, or a little ball of rice." +

Thofe, who exercise the laborious employment of couriers in Barbary, travel on foot a journey of three or four hundred miles a day, without takeing any other nourishment than a little bread, or a few figs, and fome water, and have no other fhelter at night than a tree and yet it is

*Ibi, 317.

+ Volneys Travels, I, 393.