[See "Notes," Title "Abrogated, Suspended, or Obsolete Treaties."]
GENERAL CONVENTION OF PEACE, AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION: Concluded May
16, 1832; Ratification advised by Senate December 19, 1832; Ratified by President
April 26, 1834; Ratifications exchanged at Washington April 29, 1834; Proclaimed
April 29, 1834. (8 St. at L., 434.)
(1) Peace and friendship established, 118: (2) Favors granted to other nations shall
become common to both; exceptions, 118: (3) Commerce and navigation, coast-
ing trade excepted, 119: (4) Merchants and others free to manage their business,
119: (5) Indemnification for embargo and detention, 119: (6) Assistance to be
secured to persons in the rivers, ports, &c., from pirates and enemies, 119: (7)
Vessels captured by pirates to be restored, 120: (8) Protection to vessels, &c.,
shipwrecked, 120: (9) Personal and real estate may be disposed of and taken
by succession, &c., 120: (10) Protection to residents in either country, 120: (11)
Liberty of conscience, 121: (12) Free ships make free goods, 121: (13) Neutral
property in enemies' ships liable to capture, with exceptions, 121: (14) Contra-
band articles, 122: (15) All articles not enumerated in article 14 to be free, ex-
cept to blockaded ports, 122: (16) Contraband articles not to condemn those not
contraband, 122: (17) Blockade, 123: (18) Regulation of visits at sea, 123: (19)
Sea-letters or passports to vessels in case of war, 123: (20) Vessels under convoy,
124 (21) Prize courts, 124: (22) No citizen of either party to enter the service
of an enemy of the other, 124: (23) In case of war between the parties, six
months to be allowed to persons residing on the coast, and one year to persons
in the interior, to dispose of their property and remove, 124: (24) Private and
public debts shail not be sequestrated or confiscated in case of war, 125: (25)
Public agents on the footing of those of the most favored nations, 125: (25)
Consuls, 125: (27) Consuls must exhibit their commissions, 125: (28) Immuni-
ties of consuls, &c., 125: (29) Consuls may require the aid of the civil authori-
ties to arrest deserters; deserters must be sent back within two months,
126: (30) A consular convention to be formed, 126: (31) The treaty to be in force
for twelve years; individuals to be responsible for infringements; manner of
proceeding in case of infringement; existing treaties not to be affected by this
treaty; this treaty to be ratified in nine months, 126, 127.
ADDITIONAL AND EXPLANATORY CONVENTION TO TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, COM-
MERCE, AND NAVIGATION, OF MAY 16, 1832: Concluded September 1, 1833; Ratifica-
tion advised by Senate April 24, 1834; Ratified by President April 26, 1834; Ratifica-
tions exchanged at Washington April 29, 1834; Proclaimed April 29, 1834. (8 St. at
L., 456.)
The treaty of May 16, 1832, to be carried into effect, notwithstanding the ratifica-
tions were not exchanged in the time limited, 127-'8: (1) Stipulations of the second
article, how to be understood, 128: (2) Understanding of tenth article, 128: (3)
Slaves not comprehended in twenty-ninth article, 128: (4) Ratification, 128, 129.
CONVENTION RELATIVE TO ARBITRATION OF THE MACEDONIAN CLAIMS: Concluded Norem-
ber 10, 1858; Ratification advised by Senate March 8, 1859; Ratified by President August
4, 1859; Ratifications exchanged at Santiago October 15, 1859; Proclaimed December
22, 1859. (12 St. at L., 1083.)
Enumeration of claims to be settled, 129: Matter in dispute to be submitted to the
King of Belgium, 129: Points for arbiter to decide, 130: Proof upon which
the umpire is to decide, 130.
[See "Notes," Title "Abrogated, Suspended, or Obsolete Treaties."]
TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE: Concluded July 3, 1844; Ratification advised
by Senate January 16, 1845; Ratified by President January 17, 1845; Ratifications
exchanged at Pwan Twang December 31, 1845; Proclaimed April 18, 1846. (8 St. at L.,
592.)
(1) Peace and amity established between the United States and China, 131: (2)
Citizens of the United States trading with China to pay the duties prescribed,
in the tariff; fees and charges wholly abolished; modification of the tarifi,
how to be made; additional advantages, if hereafter granted or extended to
any other nation, to be enjoyed by the United States, 131: (3) Ports which may
be frequented by citizens of the United States who may reside there; vessels
of the United States not to trade at any other port; penalty, 131: (4) United
States may appoint consuls; protection of consuls and other officers of the
United States, 132: (5) Privileges of trading at the ports named given to citi-
zens of the United States, 132: (6) Papers of vessels of the United States to be
TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE, 1844-Continued.
left with the consul; tonnage duties to be paid in full of all former rates
and charges; no additional tonnage duties to be paid on vessels going from
one port to another, 132: (7) No tonnage duties to be laid on boats belonging
to citizens of the United States; duty on cargo goods, 132: (8) Citizens of
United States may engage pilots, and may hire servants, 133: (9) Custom-house
officers to be appointed to guard the vessels of the United States on arrival,
&c., 133: (10) Proceedings of vessels of the United States on their arrival
in China; penalties for discharging vessels without a permit; vessels depart-
ing within forty-eight hours not to be subject to tonnage or other duties, 133;
(11) Appointment of officers to ascertain duties to be paid on goods imported.
Disputes as to amount of duties, where and how settled, 134: (12) Standards of
weights and measures, 134: (13) When tonnage and other duties shall be paid;
duties to be paid in sychee and silver, or in foreign money at the current rate
of exchange, 134: (14) Regulation for transshipment of goods from one vessel
of United States to another, 134: (15) Citizens of United States may trade with
any and all citizens of China; not to be subject to any new limitation, &c.,
134: (16) Chinese Government not responsible for debts due by its Government;
debts due by citizens of the United States to subjects of China, 135: (17) Citi-
zens of United States residing at any of the five ports may obtain proper accom-
mmodations, &c.; at places of anchorage, &c., merchants may pass and repass
in the immediate vicinity; no excursions into the country, &c.; preservation
of the public peace, 135: (18) Persons may be employed to teach the languages
in any part of the empire; citizens of the United States may buy any manner
of books, 135: (19) Citizens of United States to be specially protected by the
local authorities; riots and attacks on their houses to be prevented by military
force, and rioters punished, 136: (20) Re-exportation of goods imported into
China by citizens of the United States to other permitted ports; frauds on the
Government of China, 136: (21) Criminal acts by subjects of China to be pun-
ished by the Chinese; citizens of the United States committing crimes to be
punished by the consul according to the laws of the United States, 136: (22) If
China should be at war with any foreign nation, the trade of the United States
to the five ports not to be molested: transportation of goods to and from the
ports of the belligerents to be allowed, &c.; proviso, 136: (23) Consuls of United
States to make returns of the trade of United States with the five ports, 137:
(24) Communications with the local officers of China, how to be made; com-
munications from subjects of China, how to be made; settlement of contro-
versies, 137; (25) Questions between citizens of United States and China, how
to be regulated; between citizens of United States and others, 137; (26) Mer-
chant-vessels of United States in the five ports to be under the jurisdiction of
the officers of their Government; robbers and pirates, &c., to be arrested and
punished by the Chinese government; disposition of the property recovered,
138 (27) Shipwrecks; vessels forced into any other than the five ports shall
receive friendly treatment, 138: (28) Citizens or vessels of United States not to
be subject to embargo, 138: (29) Mutineers and deserters to be apprehended and
delivered to United States consuls; merchants, &c., of United States to be under
the superintendence of the officers of their Government, 138; (30) Correspond-
ence between the respective Governments and their officers, and between indi-
viduals and their Government, 139: (31) Transmission of communications, 139:
(32) Intercourse with ships of war, 139: (33) Clandestine trade prohibited, 139:
(34) At the expiration of twelve years the two Governments may treat on mat-
ters which may require alterations; the treaty, when ratified, to be faithfully
observed, &c.; no individual State of the United States can appoint a minister
to China; ratifications to be exchanged in eighteen months, 139-140: the tariff
of duties to be levied on imported and exported merchandise at the five ports,
140-5.
TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE: Concluded June 18, 1858; Ratification advised
by Senate December 15, 1858; Ratified by President December 21, 1858; Ratifications
exchanged at Pei-Tsang August 16, 1859; Exchange of ratifications consented to by
Senate January 24, 1860; Proclaimed January 26, 1860. (12 St. at L., 1023.)
(1) Perpetual peace and friendship, 145: (2) Where original treaty to be kept, 146:
(3) Publication of treaty, 146: (4) Privileges of United States minister, 146: (5)
Same subject; residence, 146: (6) Same; residence at capital, 147: (7) Rules of
correspondence between Chinese authorities and officers of the United States,
147; (8) Personal interviews, 147; (9) Facilities of intercourse for United States
vessels in Chinese waters, 147: (10) United States consuls in, 148: (11) United
States citizens in, 148: (12) Citizens of United States in open ports, 148: (13)
Wrecks; pirates, 149: (14) Open ports, privileges of United States citizens in,
149: (15) Commerce at open ports; tariff of duties, 150: (16) Tonnage duties;
ships' papers; beacons; light-houses, 150: (17) Pilots; servants; Americans
TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE, 1858-Continued.
may employ natives, 150; (18) Merchant-vessels; mutineers; criminals; de-
serters, 150: (19) Papers of merchant-vessels; permits for discharge duties, 151:
(20) Superintendent of customs; disputes, 151; (21) Re-exportation of goods-
152: (22) Tonnage import duty, 152: (23) Transshipment of goods, 152: (24)
Debts, collection of, 152: (25) Teachers, citizens of United States may employ
Chinese, 153: (26) Conduct in case of war, 153: (27) Questions as to property:
disputes, how settled, 153: (28) Communications between United States citizens
and Chinese local officers, 153: (29) Religious toleration, 154: (30) Favored
nation clause, 154.
CONVENTION FOR THE REGULATION OF TRADE: Concluded November 8, 1858; Ratifica-
tion advised by Senate March 1, 1859; Ratified by President March 3, 1859; See annual
message of President, 1859.
(1) Tariff of imports, 155: Schedule of rates, 156-159.
CONVENTION FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS OF AMERICAN CITIZENS: Concluded
November 8, 1858; Ratification advised by Senate March 1, 1859; Ratified by Presi-
dent March 3, 1859; See annual message of President 1859.
(1) Liquidation of all claims of American citizens, 164; Contracting parties, 165.
ADDITIONAL ARTICLES TO TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, OF JUNE 15,
1858: First concluded July 4, 1868; Ratification advised by Senate, with amendment«,
July 24, 1868; Senate's amendments incorporated and the articles concluded a second
time July 28, 1868; Ratified by President October 19, 1868; Ratifications exchanged at
Peking November 23, 1869; Proclaimed February 5, 1870. (16 St. at L., 739.)
(1) No grant to citizens of any foreign power to give the right to attack citizens of
the United States in person or property, 166: (2) Privileges in respect to trade
not expressly granted by treaty to rest in discretion of Chinese government,
166: (3) Right of Chinese government to appoint consuls at United States ports.
166: (4) Religions toleration, 166: (5) Right of free emigration recognized, 167 :
(6) Favored nation clause, 167: (7) Right of education guaranteed free, 167: (8)
Right of intervention in local affairs disclaimed; United States to furnish civil
engineers as Chinese government may desire, 167.
GENERAL CONVENTION OF PEACE, AMITY, NAVIGATION, AND COMMERCE: Concluded Oc-
tober 3, 1824; Ratification advised by Senate March 3, 1825; Ratified by President
March 7, 1825; Ratifications exchanged at Washington May 27, 1825; Proclaimed
May 31, 1825. (8 St. at L., 306.)
(1) Firm and inviolable peace, &c., to be observed, &c, 169: (2) Favors to other na-
tions to be common to both, 169: (3) Citizens of the United States at liberty to
frequent all the coasts and countries of the Republic of Colombia. Citizens of
Colombia to enjoy in the United States the same privilege, 169: (4) Merchants
and commanders of ships, &c., to manage their business as citizens of the most fa-
vored nations, 170: (5) Citizens of neither of the contracting parties liable to
embargo, &c., 170: (6) Citizens of either party seeking refuge to be treated as
friends, 170: (7) Ships or vessels of either party captured by pirates to be deliv-
ered up, 170: (8) Assistance in case of shipwreck, 171: (9) Citizens of each of the
parties may dispose of their goods in the jurisdiction of the other, 171: (10) Spe-
cial protection to be given to the person and property of citizens of either party, 171:
(11) Security of conscience, 171: (12) Citizens of either party may sail with their
ships from any ports to the places of those who are at enmity with either party.
172: (13) Neutral property found on board enemies' vessels shall be held and
considered as enemies' property; exceptions, 172: (14) Liberty of navigation
and commerce to extend to all kinds of merchandise, except certain contraband
articles, 172: (15) All other merchandise to be held free, 173: (16) Articles of
contraband found in a vessel bound to an enemy's port shall be subject to con-
fiscation, 173: (17) Vessels sailing for a port besieged without notice may be
turned away, 173: (18) Regulation of visits at sea, 173: (19) Agreement entered
into to avoid vexation in the examination of papers relative to the ownership of
vessels, &c., 174: (20) Vessels sailing ander convoy, 174: (21) Prize courts alone
to take cognizance of prize causes, 174: (22) No citizen of either contracting
party shall accept a commission, &c., 175: (23) Six months allowed to merchants
to remove in case of war, 175: (24) Debts of individuals in case of war not to be
sequestered, 175: (25) Same favors to be granted to convoys, &c., as enjoyed by
the most favored nations, 175: (26) Consuls to be admitted in all ports, 175: (27)
Consuls to exhibit their commissions, 176: (28) Consuls and persons attached to
their service exempt from public service, 176: (29) Consuls have power to re-
quire the assistance of the authorities for the arrest, &c., of deserters, 176: (30)
A consular convention to be agreed upon, 176: (31) Points agreed upon relative
to the treaty; treaty to remain in force for twelve years; harmony and good
correspondence between the two nations; no reprisals in case of parties not
agreeing to the treaty; treaty to be approved and ratified, and ratifications
exchanged within eight months, 176.
GENERAL TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, NAVIGATION, AND COMMERCE, WITH ADDITIONAL
ARTICLE: Concluded December 12, 1846; Ratification advised by Senate June 3, 1848;
Ratified by President June 10, 1848; Ratification exchanged at Washington June 10,
1848; Proclaimed June 12, 1848. (9 St. at L., 881.)
(1) Peace and friendship established, 178: (2) Reciprocal commercial favors, 178:
(3) Mutual benefits in trade and residence to be equally enjoyed, 178: Except as
to the coasting trade, 178: (4) Equalization of duties on vessels and their cargoes,
178: Vessels of both nations to be on the same footing as to drawbacks, 178:
(5) Importations and exportations to be on reciprocal footing, 179: No partial
prohibitions to be established, 179: (6) Reciprocal application of articles 4, 5,
and 6, 179: (7) Privileges of alien merchants, 179: (8) No embargo without in-
demnification, 180: (9) Vessels of either party seeking refuge in ports of the
other to be protected, 180: (10) Vessels, &c., captured by pirates to be delivered
up to the owners, 180: (11) Wrecks, assistance to be given in cases of, 180:
(12) Citizens of either party may dispose of their personal goods or real estate
within the jurisdiction of the other, 180: (13) Protection for persons and prop-
erty, 181: (14) Liberty of conscience; burials, 181: (15) Both parties at liberty
to trade with those at enmity with either, 181: Free ships to make free goods,
contraband excepted, 181: (16) Neutral flag, 182: (17) Contraband, 182: (18)
Articles not contraband; blockaded ports, 183: (19) Vessels delivering up con-
traband not to be detained, 183: (20) In case of blockade, vessels to be turned
away, but not detained, &c., 183: (21) Visit of neutral vessels; examination,
how to be made, 183; (22) Sea-letters, certificates of cargo, &c., in time of war,
184: (23) Visiting regulations to apply only to vessels without convoy, 184:
(24) Prize causes to be tried in established courts only, 184: (25) In case of war
hostilities to be only carried on by persons duly commissioned, 184: (26) Citi-
zens of neither party to engage in the service of an enemy of the other, 185:
(27) In case of war merchants allowed time to settle their business and trans-
port effects, 185: (28) Debts exempt from confiscation, 185: (29) Favored nation
clause, 185 (30) Consuls and vice-consuls; admission of, 185: (31) Consul's ex-
equatur, 186: (32) Exemption of consuls from public service and taxes, 186:
(33) Deserters, how disposed of, 186: (34) A consular convention to be formed,
186: (35) Right of transit across Isthmus of Panama, 186: Duration of treaty, 187:
Alterations of treaty, 187: Infringement of treaty, 187: Reprisals not authorized,
188: Special advantages, 188: (36) Ratifications, 183: Additional article defining
national ships to have the same force as if inserted in treaty, 183.
CONVENTION RELATIVE TO RIGHTS, &C., OF CONSULS: Concluded May 4, 1850; Ratifi-
cation advised by Senate September 24, 1850; Ratified by President November 14, 1850;
Ratifications exchanged at Bogotá October 30, 1851; Proclaimed December 5, 1851.
(10 St. at L., 900.)
(1) Each country may appoint consuls, &c., in the other, 189: (2) Exequatur, 189:
(3) Functions of consuls, 190: (4) Employment of good offices, 192: (5) Consuls
not to have diplomatic character and immunities, but are to have certain privi-
leges, 192: (6) To be subject to the laws of the country, 192: (7) Forbidden to
give passports in certain cases, 192: To see that neutrality is preserved, 193: (8)
Ratifications, 193: (9) Duration of treaty, 193.
CONVENTION FOR ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS: Concluded September 10, 1857; Ratification
advised by Senate, with amendments, March 8, 1859; Ratified by President March 12,
1859; Time for exchange of ratifications extended by Senate May 8, 1860; Ratifications
exchanged at Washington November 5, 1860; Proclaimed November 8, 1860. (12 St. at
L., 985.)
(1) Character of claims, 193: Meeting of commissioners to whom claims are re-
ferred, 194: Arbitrator, 194: (2) Duty of commissioners as to claims, 194: (3)
Certificates of sums awarded to be issued, 194: (4) Duration of commission, 195:
(5) Proceedings final, 195: (6) Expenses of commission, 195: (7) Ratifications,
COLOMBIA, UNITED STATES OF.
CONVENTION FOR ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, ADDITIONAL TO CONVENTION WITH NEW
GRANADA OF SEPTEMBER 10, 1857: Concluded February 10, 1864; Ratification ad-
vised by Senate June 10, 1864; Ratified by President July 9, 1864; Ratifications ex-
changed at Washington August 19, 1865; Proclaimed August 19, 1865. (13 St. at L.,
685.)
(1) Time for termination of existing commission extended, 196: Commissioners and
umpire to be appointed anew, 196: (2) Ratifications, 196.
TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION: Concluded July 10, 1851; Ratification
advised by Senate March 11, 1852; Ratified by President May 25, 1852; Ratifications
exchanged at Washington May 26, 1852; Proclaimed May 26, 1852. (10 St. at L,
916.)
(1) Amity to exist, 197: (2) Reciprocal freedom of commerce, except as to coasting
trade, 197: (3) "Most favored nation," clause, 198: (4) Discriminating duties, pro-
visions against, 198: (5) Tonnage duties and local charges, no discriminations to
be made on account of nationality of vessels, 198: (6) Commercial provisions,
199: Bounties and drawbacks, 199: (7) Privileges of citizens of either nation in
the other, 199: (8) Same subject, 199: (9) Same subject, 200: (10) Consuls, pro-
visions as to, 200: (11) Event of a rupture between the two nations, provisions
in the, 200: (12) Liberty of conscience, burial, 201: (13) Abrogation of parts of
treaty, how effected, 201: (14) Ratifications, 201.
CONVENTION FOR ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS: Concluded July 2, 1860; Ratification adrised
by Senate January 16, 1861; Ratified by President January 21, 1861; Time for er-
change of ratifications extended by Senate March 12, 1861; Ratifications exchanged at
Washington, November 9, 1861; Proclaimed November 11, 1861. (12 St. at L., 1135.)
(1) Claims of citizens of United States to be referred to commissioners, 202: Com-
missioners, how appointed, 202: Certain claims not to be considered, 202: Vacan-
cies in commission, how filled, 202: (2) Commission to meet in Washington in
ninety days, 202: To name an umpire, 203: (3) Mode of procedure of commis-
sioners, 203: Papers in regard to claims, each government to furnish, 203: In-
demnity, amount of, 203: (4) Mode of payment of indemnity, 203: First instal-
ment, when to be paid, 203: Subsequent instalments and interest, 203: Appro-
priation by Costa Rica to meet payments, 204: (5) Commission, when to end,
204 (6) Proceedings to be conclusive as to certain claims, 204: (7) Cases pend-
ing before umpire at close of commission, provision for, 204: (8) Pay of com-
missioners, 205: (9) Convention, how and when to be approved, 205: Signa-
ture, 205.
GENERAL CONVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION: Concluded April
26, 1826; Ratification advised by Senate May 4, 1826; Ratified by President May 6,
1826; Ratifications exchanged at Copenhagen August 10, 1826; Proclaimed October
14, 1826. (8 St. at L., 340.)
(1) Commerce and navigation, 206: (2) Navigation, equality, and reciprocity, 206:
(3) Duties on the produce and manufactures of either country, 207: (4) Duties,
207: (5) Duties, 207: (6) Possessions of Denmark, 207: (7) Taxes, 205: (8) Con-
suls and vice-consuls, 208: (9) Rights and privileges of consuls, 208: (10) Regn-
lations concerning consuls, 208 (11) Convention to be in force for ten years, 209:
(12) Convention to be approved of by the President and the King of Denmark, 209:
Addendum to the treaty of April 26, 1826, 209: Provision relative to the claims
of the United States for indemnities not waived by the treaty, 203.
CONVENTION RELATIVE TO INDEMNITIES AND CLAIMS: Concluded March 28, 1830:
Ratification advised by Senate May 29, 1830; Ratified by President June 2, 1830; Bat-
ifications exchanged at Washington June 5, 1830; Proclaimed June 5, 1830. (8 St. at
L., 403.)
(1) Renunciation by Denmark of indemnity; agreement to indemnify the United
States for the seizure and condemnation of their vessels, &c., 210 : (2) Payment of
the said indemnity, 211: (3) A board of commissioners to be appointed to ascer-
tain the validity, &c., of the claims; proceedings of the commissioners, 211:
(4) No further claims for the seizure or confiscation of their vessels shall be here-
after presented, 212: (5) The convention only applicable to the cases mentioned
in it, 212: (6) Ratifications to be exchanged within six months, 212.
CONVENTION EXEMPTING AMERICAN VESSELS FROM THE SOUND AND BELT DUES FOR
A STIPULATED SUM: Concluded April 11, 1857; Ratification advised by Senate Janu-
ary 5, 1858; Ratified by President January 7, 1853; Ratifications exchanged at Wash-
ington January 12, 1858; Proclaimed January 13, 1853. (11 St. at L., 719.)
(1) Navigation of the sound and belts to be free to American vessels, 213: (2) Pas-
sages of Sound and Belts to be lighted and buoyed as heretofore, &c., 213: Dan-
ish pilots may be employed by masters of American vessels, 213: (3) United
States to pay to Denmark $393,011, 213: (4) Citizens of the United States to
enjoy all privileges granted, by Denmark to other nations, 214: (5) Convention
of April 26, 1826, to be again in force, except Article 5, 214: (6) Convention,
when to take effect, 214: (7) Ratifications, 214.
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