shore there are two passes, one westerly, the other easterly. It is built in the way termed by us pierres perdues, with enormous blocks of stone, of more than 20,000 pounds weight, which form the nucleus. The hollow and uneven parts of this enormous heap are filled up by smaller blocks let down according to fixed lines; but confusedly, and as it were given up to the water and waves to be enchased and sloped. This huge wall rises, or rather sinks, to a depth of 57 feet, and is 300 feet wide at the basis and 30 at the top, which is raised 3 feet only above the level of spring-tides. This stupendons work, planned and directed by Mr. Rennie, has been going on these five years; it will require as many years more to be finished, and an expence of 1,000,000l. sterling. The particular de for its beautiful manufactures; Newcastle, justly famed for extensive and valuable coal pits; Sunderland, distinguished by her magnificent iron bridge, under which ships of 4 to 500 tons are daily sailing; Edinburgh, become by the culture of the sciences, the Athens of the north; Glasgow, Dublin, &c.-each of which places is by turns the subject of the most valuable descriptions and interesting remarks. Everywhere in the inland country, as well as in the sea-port towns, new constructions and numerous establishments evince a recent prosperity, and the greatest improvements in all the arts. On observing these, we are naturally led to inquire into the cause which has produced all these wonders. It is the same which in France 1792 gave to France such a superiority in the arts of war-necessity. Great Britain, inscription of all the means used for the exher turn, attacked by the whole continent, could only oppose the efforts of her trade and industry; and in this struggle, which appeared so unequal, the friend of the arts forgets all national rivalry, to attend only to operations and works which attest the power of the human mind, the benefit of equitable laws, and the energy of national character. To the compendium of both his journeys the author has subjoined two memoirs, intended to describe two magnificent works which are now in execution in Great Britain-the Caledonian canal, and the jetty of Plymouth. The former, which has been planned by Mr. Telford, a very skilful engineer, is intended to open, through a very singular valley in the Highlands of Scotland, a communication between the North and Atlantic seas by a canal, which from its large scale, and the extensive lakes through which it passes, should rather be looked upon as an artificial arm of the sea, on which ships of 4 and 500 tons and 20 feet draught of water can sail. tracting, conveying, and launching of the enormous blocks of stone, is executed by M. Dupin with the utmost care, and brings in some degree the reader present to the execution of this great work, which reminds us of the ancient and celebrated monuments known by the appellation of Cyclopean constructions. It is chiefly in considering (as the author has done in both these descriptions) a great work as a whole, and then in all its details, that we are struck with the perfection which the English have been enabled to give to most of their machines, and to the application of inventions which often produced in French soil, could not thrive there. To this the essays of every kind which the extension of English industry and their numerous establishments allowed them to multiply, must undoubtedly have contributed. But there is still another cause to be looked for in the difference of national character: An Englishman is satisfied if he has added any improvement, how little soever, to a machine, to an invention; without aspiring to make it his own, by changes which alter it. But French vivacity, or another too common dispositiou needless to be insisted on here, suits better with another course. The other work,-the jetty at Plymouth,-reminds us of the grand works at Cherbourg. The bold conception achieved at Cherbourg, of founding in the open sea a huge mole, an artificial island, intended To the extracts of his journeys in Engto secure a space of water, forming a road, land M. Dupin has joined several memoirs against the wind and waves, has been like- which have a natural connexion-that of wise applied at Plymouth. But the Eng-improvement of the arts in public works. lish had not, like us, large and expensive We may chiefly remark a description of experiments to try, in order to construct the machines for the use of the navy, exethat mole which they call by a term de- cuted at Rochefort upon the plans noting its destination, Break-water. The M. Hubert; an account of the experi mole, erected at three miles from the bot-ments on the strength of timber, made by tom of the road (the Sound), stretches to the author, the results of which he had an extent of 4,200 feet in a straight chief the satisfaction of seeing confirmed in line, terminated by two short ones slightly England; lastly, some valuable memous directed inwards, between which and the on the application of geometry to the sta of rance or brutality; and a rabble of carters, and pigs were solacing in the recess of an bility of floating bodies, to the tracing of roads, the lowering of summits and filling of hollows, &c.--which memoirs have been approved by the Royal Institute of France. Such a collection of memoirs, by a skilful engineer and a distinguished writer, intended as a description of the ports aud great hydraulic works in a country where the extension of industry, the improvement of the arts, the immeusity of capital, have enabled the inhabitants to accomplishing barley-straw out of the cradle; a sow the most magnificent undertakings, cannot fail to excite, in the highest degree, the attention of every class of readers. The interest of the subject will possibly cause them to regret sometimes not to find in a rapid narration more detailed particulars. It is not the lot of every work to be reproached for its brevity: besides, the reader must remember that these Memoirs are only the introduction to the complete relation of his journey in England, which the author means for a future publication. What he has already imparted to us about it, ought to give the most favourable idea of the manner in which he has considered and treated such a valuable subject, and make us wish that he may soon publish his principal work. M. Dupin's Memoirs are dedicated to a learned engineer, celebrated for the great and useful applications which he has made of theory to the works of his art-the celebrated M. Prony. The Gatherer. No. XXIII. "I am but a gatherer, and dealer in other men's stuff." Anecdote of Morland. His conduct was irregular beyond all calculation, and all powers of description; and while the vigour of his genius and the soundness of his judgment never forsook him in a picture, they scarcely ever accompanied him in any other employment, action, or sentiment of his life. Capable of the most regular and profound reflection on every thing connected with his art, capable even of the clearest distinctions of moral rectitude, he never appears to have dedicated a single leisure hour to sober conversation or innocent pleasantry, to any of the endearing intercourses of domestic or social life, or to any rational purpose whatever. He is generally acknowledged to have spent all the time in which he did not paint, in drinking, and in the meanest dissipations, with persons the most eminent he could select for iguo Holy learning, sacred arts, Worthies of Devon, fol. 1701 The nature of this creeping plant is thus noticed by Shakspeare, who says Henry V. Act. I. Sc. 1.: The Strawberry grows underneath the nettle, The same poet, in a passage which be bas verified from one of our old historians has preserved a fact, by which it is proved, that this fruit has been cultivated in London, at least, ever since the reign of Richard the Third-see the play of that name, Act III. Sc. 4, where Gloster thus addresses the Bishop of Ely: My Lord of Ely, when I was last in Holborn, I Introduction of the Umbrella. He To Jonas Hanway, we owe the first introduction of this most useful article. had seen it in his travels in Persia used as a defence against the burning rays of the sun; and converting it into a protection from the rain, was generally mobbed as he walked on a wet day through the streets of London. Now the poorest cottager fre-, one is esteemed for its bignesse, colour, quently boasts the possession of a convenience, at that time an object of universal curiosity and wonder-a lesson this, not to be deterred from the introduction or adoption of a thing really useful, by the idle laugh of the ignorant and thoughtless. Abbey of St. Denis. The following curious description of this once famous abbey, as it appeared in 1643, is taken from 'Evelyn's Memoirs,' work of great merit and interest: and carving imboss'd, the best now to be seene; by a special favour I was permitted to take the measure and dimensions of it; the story is a Bachanalia. It is really antique.. There is a large gundola of chrysolite, a huge urn of porphyry, another of chalcedone, a vasa of onyx, the largest I had ever seen of that stone; 2 of chrystal; a morsel of one of the water-pots in which our Saviour did his first miracle; the effagies of the Queen of Saba, of Julius, Augustus, Marc Antony, Cleopatra, and others, upon zaphyrs, topazes, agates, and cornelians; that of the Queen of Saba has a Morish face; those of Julius and Nero on achates rarely coloured and cut. A cup in which Solomon was used to drinke. Apollo on a great amethyst. There lay in a window a miroir of a kind of stone said to have belonged to the poet Virgil. Charlemagne's chessemen, full of Arabig characters. In the presse next the doore, the brass lanthorn full of chrystals, said to have conducted Judas and his company to apprehend our B. S. A faire unicorn's 7 foote long. In another presse (over which stands the picture, in oil, of their Orleans Amazon with her sword,) the effigies of the late French Kings in wax, like ours in Westminster, covered with their robes, with a world of other varieties. Literary Shoemakers: "The church,' says Mr. E. is now 390 foote long, 100 in brodth, and 80 in height, without comprehending the cover; it bas a very high shaft of stone, and the gates are of brasse. In the choir are the sepulchres of the most ancient kings: without it are many more: amongst the rest that of Bertrand du Guesclin, constable of France, in the chapell of Chas. V., all bis posterity, and neere him the magnificent sepulchre of Francis I., with his children, warres, victories, and triumphs, engraven in marble. Above are bodies of several saints; below, under a state of black vel-horne, sent by a King of Persia, about vet, the late Lewis xiij. Every one of the 10 chapels, or oratories, had some saints in them; among the rest, one of the Holy Innocents. The treasury is in the sacristy above, in which are crosses of massy gold and silver, studded with precious stones, one of gold three feet high. Amongst the still more valuable reliques The fraternity of shoemakers have, unare a naile from our Saviour's Cross, in a box of gold, full of precious stones; a questionably, given rise to some characters crucifix of the true wood of the Crosse, Holcroft was originally a shoemaker, and of great worth and genius. The late Mr. carved by Pope Clement III. inchased in though he was, unhappily, at the beginning a chrystal covered with gold; a box in of the French revolution, infected with which is some of the Virgin's hair; some French principles, yet he was certainly a of the linen in which our blessed Saviour was wrapped at his nativity; in a buge man of great genius, and, on the whole, a moral writer. His dramatic pieces must reliquary, modelled like a church, some of our Saviour's blood, hair, clothes, linrank among the best of those on the English stage. Robert Bloomfield wrote his nen, with which he wiped the Apostles feet; with many other equally authentic poem of "The Farmer's Boy," while emreliques. Amongst the treasures is the ployed at this business, and Dr. William Crowne of Charlemagne, his 7 foote high in the college of Fort William, Calcutta, Carey, Professor of Sanscrit and Bengalee, scepter and hand of justice, his sword, and the able and indefatigable translator of belt, and spurrs of gold; the Crowne of the Scriptures into many of the eastern St. Lewis, cover'd with precious stones, amongst which is one vast ruby, uncut, of languages, was in early life a shoemaker inestimable value, weighing 300 carratts in Northamptonshire. The present Mr. (under which is set one of the thorns of Gifford, the translator of Juvenal, and the our blessed Saviour's crowne,) his sword, supposed editor of the Quarterly Review, seal, and hand of justice. The 2 crownes spent some of his early days in learning of Hen. IV., his scepter, hand of justice, the "craft and mystery" of a shoemaker, and spurrs. The 2 crownes of his son as he tells us, in one of the most interesting Lewis. In the cloak royal of Ann of Bre-pieces of auto-biography ever penned, and tagne, is a very great and rare rubic. prefixed to his nervous and elegant version Divers books cover'd with solid plates of of the Great Roman Satirist. gold, and studded with precious stones. Two vases of berill, 2 of archate, whereof Traitor's Hill. In the neighbourhood of Kentish Town is Traitor's Hill, from the elevated summit of which, commanding a distinct view of the INTERESTING INTELLIGENCE proposed scene of destruction, Catesby and FROM THE BRITISH SETTLEMENTS Piercy, with other traitors, it is said, stood in expectation of witnessing the horrible event of the gunpowder plot. Anecdote of Thomas Sheridan. The only son of the celebrated Richard Brinsley Sheridan. He early entered the army, and Lord Moira, then commanderin-chief in Scotland, appointed him one of his aides-de-camp. Having contracted the habit of keeping bad hours, the noble Earl exposed the impropriety of such conduct in the following very gentle but most effectual way. In the capacity of aide-decamp, the young man resided in the splendid mansion of his patron; and one evening his lordship, purposely sending all the servants to bed, sat up himself till four or five in the morning, when Mr. Sheridan, who happened to be the junior officer on his staff, returned in high spirits from a ball. He was not permitted to knock long, for his illustrious commander obeyed the first summons with the utmost promptitude, and going down with a couple of candles, ceremoniously lighted the astonished subaltern to his bed-chamber. Lavender cultivated. IN INDIA. CALCUTTA. PROMISING PROGRESS OF RELIGION. It must be gratifying to all, who take an interest in the advancement of religion in this country, to observe that the conductors of the principal schools in Calcutta have so generally accepted the invitation of the Clergy to send their pupils to be catechised at the Cathedral during the present season of Lent. The number of young persons of both sexes, who attended yesterday for that purpose from ten seminaries, exceeded three hundred and fifty; most of whom are not merely able to repeat the catechism, but evince by their answers to the questions put to them, that they are well acquainted with its meaning. In many instances their proficiency is far beyond what could be expected from their years; and they have almost invariably acquitted themselves in a manner, which the Bishop, on dismissing them, has been pleased to mark, by expressing his warm approbation of the diligence displayed by their teachers in discharging a solemn trust. March 5, 1918. ORGAN IN THE SCOTCH CHURCH. It was sarcastically observed by an eminent writer, that John Bull's sister, Peg, would dance her legs off to the notes of the Bag-pipe; but, she fainted at the sound of an Organ. Times are changed; and the national disposition of our northern brethren for music has effected the introduction of it into public worship, at this remote residence. In March last the New Church of St. Andrew was opened for Divine Worship; in presence of the Hon. the VicePresident, Hon. Mr. Stuart, Member of the Council, the Magistrates of Calcutta, and a numerous congregation. Dr. Bryce preach This valuable plant (for it is valuable in medicine, as well as on account of its smell,) will flourish on soils where other plants will not. We have heard of a piece of chalk land, of about thirty acres, in Berkshire, near Henley upon Thames, which had been tried with various articles, and would not produce any thing. At length it was planted with Lavender, which succeeded beyond expectation, and the produce is sold yearly to a perfumer, who dis-ed, from 1 Cor. i. 21. The Organ is notils it upon the spot, and gives, upon an average, about five hundred pounds for the ticed as being of such superior powers;that we insert its description verbatim. It has been universally allowed, that the Organ has hitherto been an imperfect instrument, from the circumstances of its containing only twelve sounds within the octave-this number not being sufficient to satisfy the ear in any one key, whereas composers have written in twenty four keys for it-and some notion may be formed of the confusion arising from such a multi ZENANA VIOLATED. Nothing in private houses, or in Royal palaces, is so sacred, as the Zenana, or female apartments; and very strong, indeed, must be the motives which authorize their violation. We do not pretend to understand the following article, or to be acquainted with the particulars of the transaction; we give it as it has come to our hands. tude of combinations, all taken from an "Upon these grounds, they pray that imperfect arrangement of sounds even in such further measures to check, if not enthe best key. The Euharmonic Organ pro- tirely, to put an end to sacrifices so revoltduces perfect harmony and melody in thirtying to humanity, may be adopted as the keys, and this, by introducing, as occasion government may in its wisdom deem expemay require, thirty nine sounds in the oc- dient." tave, by means of pedals, while the keyboard remains always the same. For this truly important and scientific improvement of that noble instrument, the world is indebted to the Rev. H. Liston, of Eccles machan, Linlithgowshire, Scotland. This instrument was built under Mr. Liston's in spection, by Messrs. Flight and Robson, St. Martin's Lane, London-and the sweetness of the tone has not disgraced their justly earned celebrity in the English metropolis. In these respects this organ stands altogether murivalled. It is true, that the human voice, as also the instruments of the viol kind, are capable of producing as perfect harmony or melody-but were the best singers or performers to attempt to sustain a chord for a few seconds only with this organ, they would lose much by the comparison. The swell has not been omitted here-but this advantage it has in common with other instruments of the same kind. WIDOWS' BURNING: PETITION AGAINST. The following Article shews that some movements have taken place among the natives of India, with intent to abolish the practice of Widows' burning themselves on the piles of their deceased husbands:that the government has interfered; and, the desired abolition may be hoped for, eventually. The Petition, praying for repeal of the orders has not reached us. We learn from the Calcutta Journals, that "a petition counter to that of those natives who prayed for a repeal of the orders of government, restricting the privilege of suicide of widows to such cases only are authorised by the Hindoo Shasturs, is now in circulation for signature. This petition, declares the conviction of the subscribers to be, that the principa' authorities of the Hindoo religion altogether forbid the burning of women, on the funeral piles of their husbands-that those legislators of inferior authority, who have authorised the practice, wrote in a different 6 age, when many similar sacrifices, forbidden to the race of mankind in the present age (Kali Yoog) were common; such as human sacrifices, leaping from precipices, &c.-aud that even they recommended a life of austerity as more meritorious than such self-destruction. Bengal Hurkaru, April 4, 1818.-Our correspondent confirms the seizure of the Nagpore Rajah, who was taken by Capt. Browne in his zenana (where Capt. B. was pretty severely handled by the ladies) and the Rajah is now on his way to Benares, a pr soner under a strong escort. Want of speedy assistance in case of fire. 66 During the thunder storm on Friday night, one of the H. C's Salt Golas at Sulkea, was struck by lightening; the building being composed of common straw and mat materials, took fire, and the conflagration raged with considerable fury for half an hour; affording at one time the utmost alarm for the safety of Messrs. Kyd and Co.'s dock yard: not indeed without just grounds; the contiguity of the danger being such, that the flaming thatch and the premises in question, were only divided by a wall; but fortunately, the prompt and able assistance rendered on the occaston by some brawny seamen, together with the rain, which opposed the dangerous element--and baffled a ready communication, stopped the mischief where it originated: only two of the Golas having been consumed. "In a place which has of late years become the local seat of extensive establishments, connected with the maritime and mercantile pursuits of the community, and mvolving a notable share of individual and public interest, it is much to be regretted that a more efficient establishment is not maintained for water or fire engines. Those employed on the present occurrence were of little use. Owing in the first instance to au insufficiency of men to drag them, they did not reach the place, till other exertions purely adventitious, had subdued the danger; and then, the benefit which their presence should have yielded, |