changes are contra bonos mores; and one too many will lead to much discredit and to lasting inconvenience.

formed, the better for the patient's future life, and ease.

With a feeling not foreign from these hints, we rejoice that, at length, a final arrangement has been made of contested points between Sweden and Denmark: Sweden pays to Denmark a certain sum of money, in full of all demands; we hope there will be no further litigation, whether. on account of the form of words used in writing the receipt, or as questioning the validity of the stamp on which the receipt is written. We rejoice, too, that both countries are in peace; though suspicions are afloat, that Norway rather glums at what looks like subjection to Sweden.

The King intends to be crowned, now the Allies have quitted his territory. The form is a mere form, for him, personally; as he cannot have many years of life and reign before him; but, it will have its effect on the minds of the people; it will have a favourable aspect on the succession; and above all, it will afford a spectacle, un beau Spectacle, equal to any of those (or the King will be much to blame) with which the Emperor Nap was accustomed to treat his gazing and gaping subjects of the suburbs. We presume that this so'emuity will be conducted, as far as possible, on the an- At Copenhagen the rate of discount is cient principles; and at the ancient place, stated at eight per cent. so great is the which was not Paris, but Rheims. We scarcity of money. We could name anoshould not be surprised if the Holy Oil ther place where eight per cent. has been that was brought from Heaven by an demanded in the form of continuation, till Angel-who knows how many years ago? the dividends are paid. This pressure is for the purpose of anointing the Kings of not general; nor is it expected to be lastFrance, at their Coronation, should be re-ing;-By way of contrast, accounts state, discovered, and proved by both to have that a great Northern Power has lately escaped the violent bands of the vile Jaco-received such importations of golden ingots, bins, Republicans, and Napoleonites-to that some say they have more than satisthe infinite edification of the ultra-believ-fied the public demand, the loan, and the ing Sous of the Church.

To say the least, however this intention of the King, publicly avowed, discovers his expectation of the continuance of Peace: he not only expresses this sentiment in his Speech; but this action more fully implies it, hear his words. The answer of the two Chambers are exceptionable in point of what our vulgar call flummery?

article has fallen in price. This, at the present moment, is a political consideration, and of some magnitude, since the credit of a Government among foreigners is always important. Peace and the arts will do

much for Russia.

If Prussia has realized a part of her pay. ments from France, on allowing a moderate discount, Prussia has acted wisely. The application of that money, may be worth much more than five per cent. It may satis fy urgent claims, and may confirm national credit among expectants, to an extent and advantage much beyond the apparent loss sustained by calculation of discount. This also is favourable to the prolongation of peace; because interruption of peace is the same thing as interruption of these indis

It is not Coronation that makes a King, though it be proper that a King should be solemnly inaugurated into his office; should give the sanction of his oath to his subjects, and should receive their oaths of fidelity to him. Nor is it any such ceremony that will make a happy King: in that case, the crown would not sit so uneasy as it does on the head of the Spanish Sovereign. We at once pity and blame Ferdinand; his situa-pensable payments. tion requires an uncommon share of wisdom, in combination with resources on which that wisdom may act, and of which it may avail itself:-it that the case of Spain at this moment?

We have known the time, when the death of a Sovereign in Germany was deemed a matter of consequence; - the Grand Duke of Baden has departed this life, and nobody foresees the smallest change, in consequence. He was in many respects dissatisfied: his successor may pursue a more complacent line of politics.

We pay little regard to the unwarranta ble rumours of partizans: but, we know that nothing is more fatal in Politics, even to the best of schemes, than delay after de- The greater Powers of Germany favour lay. The sooner dangerous insurgences are peace. Neither do we hear that the Turk disposed of, either pro or con, the sooner is inclined to hostilities, except against the may the Mother Country combine ber Wehabees, which he affirms, are now, not full powers, and give them the most beuefi- for the first time, suppressed, annihilated, cial direction. When the mortification of a dispersed, &c. &c. by the Pacha of Egypt. limb has lasted so long as to pronounce it- The religious interests of States exhibit a self clearly, the sooner amputation is per- a kind of motion, not altogether usual Com

of the eastern bank of the La Plata as are
held by Portugal, are still in the possession of
Spain, or in a certain degree under her in-

missions, and agencies are sent or sending
by Protestant States, to Rome, which in the
last century, would have caused strange
liftings up of hands and eyes in some places.fluence."
They now occasion little enquiry, less ob-
servation, and no wonderment.

When the exercising powers of a country were Catholic, many difficulties combined with the question how Protestants should be treated? now when various sovereigns are Protestant, the difficulties are shifted into the enquiry how Catholics should be treated? or at least the opinion of his Holiness, as head of the Catholic church, is solicited, by which the relative estimation of Catholics and Protestants may be adjusted. His Holiness cannot allow of Protestants yet the existence of Protestants must be allowed: We learn but little that is interesting from the EAST so far as national politics are influenced; but we rather expect from Asia as well eastern as western.

SOUTHERN AFRICA is making progress in civilization; which is saying much for that Country. We have had some intelligeuce from them lately, but it can hardly be thought political, though it may hereafter produce political consequences.

From North America we have information by means of the papers presented to Congress, and of the President's speech delivered November 16. So far as concerns Britain, our London editors have agreed to promote it "satisfactory:" we should rather reserve that term for the conclusion of the negotiations acknowledged to be in progress. The President puts the best face on the aggression committed on the Spanish territories. We know that Spain is weak:

what then?

-

But the speech and the papers connected with it afford much real information on the state of Spanish America. We shall think it our duty to lay their contents before our readers at present we can only apprize them, that

"This civil war, which has so long prevailed between Spain and the Provinces in South America, still continues without any prospect of its speedy termination.

"It appears from these communications, that theGovernment of Buenos-Ayres declared itself independent in July, 1816, having previously exercised the powers of an independent government, though in the name of the King of Spain, from the year 1810; that the Banda Oriental, Entre Reos, and Paraguay, with the city of Santa Fee, all of which are also independent, are unconnected with the present Government of Buenos-Ayres: that Venezuela has also declared itself independent, and now maintains the conflict with various success; and that the remaining parts of South America, except Monte Video, and such other portions

It may be added, that not only are these Provinces independent of the Mother Country, but of each other; that some of them refuse to hold mutual intercourse; and that, in all, there is sufficient ground for the reproach cast on them by Old Spaniards, that personal ambition has a much greater share than real benevolence in their present establishment. The people, however, seem to derive some advan tages even now, and hope may look forward to more, to be realized in time.

Under these circumstances we cannot wonder at the determination of the King of Portugal to abide on the spot in Brazil. We presume to think that the advice which keeps him there is sound advice. And further these deponents say not:-but conclude as they began, by allusion to the swift flight of Time; and to the rapidity with which he may be expected to deve lope many a mysterious and now uncertain affair. What is dark at the close of 1818, may become light enough in the progress of 1819.

Commercial Chronicle.

STATE OF TRADE.
Lloyd's Coffee House, Dec. 21, 1818.
The most important information for the
Month is, the general state of the Corn
Market. We gave notice in our last of
the opening of the Ports to the importation
of Foreign Corn; and foreign corn, ac-
cordingly keeps pouring into the Port of
London in abundance. In the mean while,
the supply of English Wheat is not large;
and, were it without competition, the de-
mand for it would be more than animated;
it would be agitated.

We are not altogether gratified with the
entire exclusion of Foreign Corn, and the
extensive import of it, in alteration. At
one time none is admitted; then, suddeuly,
vast stocks are introduced without excep-
tion. Would it not be better to admit
freely, at all times to the advantages of
sale, as well as of warehouse room, any
quantity, and of all sorts, taking a pro-
gressive duty on the article when brought
to sale? So that foreign corn should not be
sold below the protecting price to the
British farmer, because the duty should
raise it to that price.

But, we are aware that a like proposition might be adopted in its spirit by foreign countries, in respect to commodities of other

this under-current of traffic, is as necessary, to be known, in order to form a just judgement of national interest, as the open and acknowledged course of duties at the Custom House; but the Custom House Books knows nothing of it.

Hysons, are dearer, by 3d. and 4d. There is also some expectation of the whole market becoming dearer, perhaps considerably, in March.

SUGAR experiences the general flatness of Trade: the Market being heavy, a deWe close this part of the present Arti- pression was submitted to, sufficient to incle, by again adverting to the gradually vite a few purchasers, which was effected; increasing persuasion that restrictions on but, the real sales were few, and the real Trade are not, in all cases, those benefi- demand was but little. The weather has cial things which some have supposed; set in with considerable severity in the and when all countries have become satis- North; and consequently, exportation to fied on this matter, then will arise the that quarter is stopped; the South, howstrongest probability that many alterations ever, continues open, and a certain limited will be made in the laws, generally, which supply continues to be in progress for the now describe certain articles as prohibited, | Mediterranean. This may justify the recontraband, illegal, &c. &c. and trade mark of long standing, that our Island is will then be comparatively free. so happily situated for trade, that the possibility of cutting off her intercourse with all parts of the world, is extremely pro

A report has lately been in circulation, that the Bank has restricted the issue of its Discounts we have reason to believe that blematical. : this would be more correctly stated, if it were said, the application to the Bank for Discounts have been more extensive than usual: the difficulty of obtaining money at Christmas time is nothing new and the Holders of Omnium look towards the days in which it must be redeemed from the Bank; and converted into Stock. Hence a smart pressure follows of course.

:

This season of the year seldom permits us to report much bustle or animation in the Markets, taken geuerally. Some Articles, as we have often explained, when fallen down to a certain low price, become temptations to those who have a com mand of capital, and who can spare sums sufficient for the occasion. EAST INDIA COTTON has been down to 7d. and even to 6d. per lb. in the warehouse: this attracted attention. and touch might have been sold; but, the holders perceiving this effect, instantly demanded higher prices, to the disappointment, perhaps, of both parties.

The India Company has declared a sale for January 14, of 15,800 bags Bengals; and 4,500 bags Surats; making together nearly 20,000 bags; an extent that will certainly contribute to hold the Market depressed.

The Market at Liverpool, has been for some time past, dull enough; but seems, at length, to have taken a kind of start; the sales of the last week reached 8,000 bags; the arrivals are not more than 2,100 bags: a difference deserving notice.

The Tea Sale of the India Compauy ended teu days ago, and report states the Prices of the new common kinds of Bohea, at a reduction of 3d. to 4d. per lb. The lower Greens are cheaper, say 2d. but the finer kinds, Campois, Souchongs, and

Even our own ports differ sufficiently to warrant the inference; for, although the ports in the Northern parts of Britain may be fast frozen up, yet those in the Southern continue open: and to the Country, it is indifferent, whether the exportation (or importation) take place from Leith or Liverpool, or from London, or Bristol ;-not to forget Cork, and other ports in Ireland.

Foreign Sugars have felt little, or no briskness for some time past.

COFFEE Continues in a fluctuating state : sometimes the sales are heavy, aud few real buyers; nevertheless, private contract continues to obtain a further advantage. The quality, no question, inAluences the bargain; which is certainly most satisfactorily ascertained in private sale.

A question of some moment, is recently determined, by the Court of King's Bench; which held the opinion that delivery of the Warrants of the West India Dock Company, was equally effectual to change the property, with the delivery of the Coffee itself. The propriety of this is evident: for nothing is more common than payment for goods. on the authority of such instruments.

PROVISIONS Contiuue much at their old rate: Beef and Pork fetch a certain price; but there is at this moment, no great demand for either.

TOBACCO is stagnant; there are few real sales of the Article; but the holders are looking forward, not without anxious hopes, that a large contract expected from the French Government will improve the market.

FRUIT-The late imports have been so extensive, that the stock in the warebouse ac cumulates rapidly; further supplies are ex

AGRICULTURAL REPORT. ESSEX-The frosts we have so lately been blessed with have, beyond all doubt, been of the greatest utility to our Wheat Plauts, and also been a check to seeding the lands for the spring.

More than a month back some of our best Agriculturists have ventured to dibble or drill peas. I have known it done about this time, but never so early as the latter end of November: and the weather being so open then, that many pieces of peas thus planted have made their appearance above ground. It

This is the sum on which the Duty is alculated, and on which bets are made.