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12 אמי 249 אלי 657 אתה: 430 אל 543 תרחק 694 ממני 212 13 כי 25 צרה 695 קרובה 696 כי 25 אין 697 עוזר: 698 סבבוני 699 פרים 59 רבים 321 אבירי 700 בשן 701 כתרוני: 702 14 פצו 703 עלי 691 פיהם 691 אריה 458 טרף 704 ושאג: 705 15 כמים 18 נשפכתי 706 והתפרדו 707 כל 97 עצמותי 708 היה 20 לבי 635 כדונג 709 נמס 710 בתוך 36 מעי: 711 16 יבש 712 כחרש 713 כחי 714 ולשוני 715 מדבק 716 מלקוחי 717 17 ולעפר 168 מות 214 תשפתני: 718 כי 25 סבבוני 699

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694. pn be not far. It is the 2d pers. masc. sing. fut. Kal of p

to be at a distance. Vide num. 659.

695. y distress. From distress, masc. As a verb, to oppress, or distress. Also an oppressor.

696. 7 is approaching. Part. Paoul fem. Kal of 1p to approach. 697. ' not. Also nothing, nobody, without, from 1 to labour.

698. my helper. From y to assist. In such participial nouns, ▾ after the first radical denotes an agent, coming from Ben. Kal, before the last radical implies an effect, or something passive, because. it comes from the participle Paoul. Vide rules 158, 159.

699. 11220 have surrounded me. " me. Rule 34. 1220 3d pers. plur. pret. Kal of 220 to encompass.

.in the plural אבירים,strong אביר .strong bulls of. Sing אבירי 700 is rendered sometimes horses, and sometimes bulls, from their אברים

strength. 701.

Bashan. A fertile region, Ez. xxxix. 18. producing large cattle, to which the enemies of Christ are compared.

.is the 3d pers. m כתרו .me ני .have beset me around כתרוני 702

plur. pret. Kal of to enclose.

703. 15 they open their mouths. 3d pers. plur. pret. Kal of nya

to let loose, or open. n being dropped, vide rule 102.

704. ravening. Part. Ben. Kal. 1 omitted. Rule 78. As a substantive, prey. As a verb, to tear to pieces.

705. 8) and roaring. In the same manner as num. 704. From and, and as to roar. Vide num. 661.

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11 Be not far from me, for trouble is near; for there is none to help. 12 Many bulls have compassed me, strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round.

13 They gaped upon me with their mouths as a ravening and a roaring lion.

14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint, my heart is like wax, it is melted in the midst of my bowels.

15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd, and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws, and thou hast brought me into the dust of death.

706.

I have been poured out. First pers. sing. pret. Niphal

of 5 to pour out.

707. 1775771 and all my bones have separated themselves. I and. It is the 3d pers. plur. pret. Hithp. of 1 to divide.

a bone. As עצם plur. of עצמות or עצמים .my bones. my עצמותי .708

a verb, to be strong.

709. 11 as wax. as, or like. 17 wax. Ps. lxviii. 3. xcvii. 5.

710. DD it has been melted. It is the 3d pers. sing. preter Niph. of DD to melt. is dropped by rule 102.

711. yn my bowels.my. Dis dropped in regim. and coalesces. with the suffix. Not used in the singular.

712.

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has been dried up. The 3d pers. m. sing. pret. Kal. To dry, or to be dry.

713. like an earthen vessel. I as. vn earthen. Lev. xi. 33. xiv. 5. 50. Jer. xix. 1, &c. A potsherd, Job ii. 8. Prov. xxvi. 23, &c. my strength.my. П strength.

714.

715.

and my tongue. I and. speak against. whʼn is to knead, as dough.

לשון .my

a tongue. j is to

716. pa is caused to cleave. Part. masc. Ben. Huphal of adhere, to be dry. John xix. 28.

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717. mph to my jaws. ' my. ▷ is dropped in regim. ' coalesces. Dnp the upper and lower parts of the mouth. nph to receive.

718. "nown thou wilt bring me. 'I me. navn 2d pers. masc. sing. fut. Kal of now to dispose of.

כלבים 719 עדת 720 מרעים 721 הקיפוני 722 כארי 723 18 ידי 724 ורגלי: 725 אספר 391 כל 97 עצמותי 241 המה 726 19 יביטו 727 יראו 24 בי: 63 יחלקו 728 בגדי 729 להם 127

719. ' dogs. Sing. is a dog, either from the Arabic to hold fast; or perhaps from has the heart, i. e. faithful. Mat. vii. 6.

720. y the assembly of. In construct. for my an assembly, from y to appoint, or convene.

721. Dy of the evil. A noun in the plur. formed of the part. Ben. masc. Huphal of y to break, to produce disorder, to do evil.

722.

הקיפוני

have surrounded me. "I me. 15p is the 3d pers. m. plur. pret. Hiphil of pl to surround. Rule 94.

723. piercing, or the piercers of. A noun, or a Ben. part. plural in regim. agreeing with the noun of multitude лy, from 8 to pierce. But the Complutensian, and three manuscripts and two printed editions of Dr. Kennicott read it 18, the 3d pers. plur. pret. Kal, and so both the Septuagint and Vulgate read it, and so is the Syriac version.*

a lion, the like, but our

* Solomon Bennett, in his reply (1809) to Lord Crawford's letter to the Hebrew nation, renders this verse thus; "For dogs have compassed me, a multitude of wicked have surrounded me like a lion, my hands and feet." And says, " The radical then is then is merely a servile, expressing the comparative translators and Mr. Parkhurst composed a new 'radical, i. e. 85 to pierce, to which we find no similar term in all the Bible, and Hebrew language, the proper radical for it is to pierce, or dig, but not ". This new fabrication of a term was the cause of altering the syntax also; they put the comma after enclosed me, they pierce, &c. though according to the proper Hebrew, the stop ought to be after the term , but never before it. Secondly, according to the new invention the letter in " doe's not belong either to a radical or to a servile, and entirely superfluous."

If be the Hebrew word for to pierce, which does not appear from any of the numerous places in which it occurs in the bible, except pierce be taken in the sense of to dig for the purpose of making

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16 For dogs have compassed me; the assembly of the wicked have enclosed me; they pierced my hands and my feet.

17 I may tell all my bones, they look and stare upon me.

18 They part my garments among them; and cast lots upon my

vesture.

724. "◄ my hands.' my, suffix.

a hand, plur. D. □ is dropped

in reg. and coalesces. From 7 to extend.

725. and my feet. ' my. I and. □ is dropped in construct. and coalesces. plur. of a foot. As a verb, to strike.

726. npn they. Vide rule 40.

727. ' they will look. Third pers. m. plur. fut. Hiphil of 1 to behold. Vide rule 94.*

728. ph they will divide. Third pers. m. plur. fut. Kal of ph divide. John xix. 23, 24.

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בגדים .coalesces י

729. 1a my garments. ' my. □ dropped in reg. garments, hypocrisies, each the plural of 11 a covering.

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a well, our translators still would be tolerably supported, for 13, which is the regular 3d pers. m. plur. perf. Kal of that verb, ♫ final being dropped as usual before the servile, is a reading in two of the codices of Kennicott, and in no less than ten of the codices of De Rossi. It is indubitable that may be rendered as a lion, as it is often in the Old Testament; but the sense would be incomplete and unintelligible. It was no doubt this that led the Syriac translators to render it by y, the 70 by wgutav, and the Vulgate by foderunt; and it is extremely incorrect in Mr. Bennett, against the voices of three such ancient versions into different languages, and also against the Arabic and Ethiopic versions, to pronounce the English rendering, they pierced," a new fabrication." What he observes of the new invention with respect to is puerile; he should have explained away, if it was in his power, the instances of the same thing given by Parkhurst, which are only a few of many which occur.

* Here is a substituted word in the margin, marked with ap which is for p (i. e. read) and the place of insertion is as usual distinguished by o placed above the line. The marginal word to be read is 173 they stood around.

The

20 ועל 13 לבושי 730 יפילו 731 גורל: 732 ואתה 430 יהוה 154 אל 543 תרחק 659 אילותי 733 לעזרתי 734 חושה: 735 21 הצילה 736 מחרב 361 נפשי 91 מיד 724 כלב 719 יחידתי: 737 22 הושיעני 738 מפי 691 אריה 458 ומקרני 739 רמים 740

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730. h my coat. my. was a coat, from wh to clothe. Rule 159.

731.

they cast. It is the 3d pers. plur. m. fut. Hiphil of 5 to cast down. Vide rule 94.

732. 1 a lot. From a stone. Such were used anciently for lots.

733. '''s my strength. ' my. nis fem. x masc. strength.

734. 'ny for my help. ↳ to.' my. Пy in construct. for ¡¡y assis

tance. Vide num. 698.

The Keri or marginal word is generally the true one, which has been omitted, or changed into the Ketib `n (i. e. written) and has been afterwards supplied, or corrected in the margin through a commendable reverence for the text. It has been supposed that Ezra was the person who marked these variations, and put them in the margin to be read instead of the words which he found written in the text. But this is not probable, because such marginal readings are also found in the book of which he was the inspired penman.

It is remarkable that these various readings are of the consonants only, and not of the vowel points, which seems to show that they are of greater antiquity than the points. In Jer. li. 3. the word 717 OCcurs the second time unnecessarily, which is noticed by those who settled the Keri and Ketib, and by them marked not to be read. It has no vowel points, and may be presumed to have had none when such margin was made, otherwise they would have been preserved as well as the original letters. In Jer. xxxi. 38. the word ' coming is wanting in the text and supplied in the Keri, as usual without points, but in the text a blank space is left for the marginal word, and under the space are placed the vowel points. The fair conclusion seems to be, that the makers of the Keri performed their work before the points were added, and that those who added the points, ha

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