daries of different regions, in a barbarous, equally with a cultivated state of society. Hence a natural, if not strong reason, given by negroes for their dislike of mulattoes; because, say the blacks, Mulatto be no gotee no country.

Aware how much easier it is to subvert than to supply, I would not wish to escape from the task of furnishing a name in some measure appropriate, if I durst hazard the ridicule that must attach to so presumptuous an attempt by an obscure individual. Permit me then, only to suggest, that the vast territory included within the limits of the United States, exhibits a scale of production on which nature has stamped her boldest features. Her lakes and mountains, forests and rivers, astonish, while they distinguish this from all other countries, and might justify a title of the proudest import. But the obstacles which present them selves against affixing an appellation, thus geographically descriptive, and at the same time applicable to the inhabitants, are various, if not insuperable; whereas the recollection that the national district of COLUMBIA will very soon contain the capital of the empire, irresistably forces upon the mind a term which supersedes the difficulty; has long been familiar to our ears, and would, therefore most probably, be cheerfully acquiesced in by a majority of the citizens of the United States; and its adoption be speedily and effectually communicated to all foreign countries through the medium of the custom-house, by an

A

insertion in the register of every vessel, and other official fiscal certificates. Why Columbian is not equal, in sound and meaning, to that of Hibernian or Caledonian, is left to the discovery of those who prefer the terms Scotch and Irish only because they contain fewer syllables, and are best un derstood in vulgar parlance.

The ancient and modern history, both of civilized and barbarous nations, afford many examples of a whole people deriving a name from the metropolis of their respective countries; and a few, adopting that of their particular founders or primary legislators; but in neither do we find any nation, the citizens of the United States excepted, who were not distinguished by a peculiar appellation, differing from that of their government.

Although there may not at present be any grounds for apprehension that our inhabitants, like those of one of the states of Greece, may be subjected to a nick-name; under which history has preserved their records, and which, even at this distant period continues proverbial; yet it is not impossible, without some public provision against it, that they may be saddled with one, founded on accident, whim, caprice, resentment or ridicule, and which may obtain a foreign currency, from a concurrence of circumstances, in despite of every effort to control it.

The youth and fair fame of our nation, the comparative paucity of our population, the innovations, and reforms, which mark the present eventful æra, all conspire to facilitate the adoption

of a name suited to our circumstances as an independent people; and which, there can be little doubt, that the rest of the world would acquiesce in, after the same shall have received a governmental sanction, and have been declared by the supreme authority of our country, as the name and designation, by which the free citizens of these United States, shall, forever thereafter, be known and called. December, 1799.

THE PARENTS' FRIEND,

WINE should never be given to children. We injure them if we give them any gross food, which requires wine to digest it, nor do the blood and spirits need this foreign assistance whilst young. The blood is by nature sufficiently warmed, and the other spirits are best supported by temperance and a cheerful disposition. I therefore seriously recommend, that excepting children are unwell, they should for the first seven years taste no wine at all; in the second septennary be vastly sparing, and in the third, fix a temperance built on the solid principles of reason and virtue; such as will best secure to them health and happiness, for their whole lives. Children, after the first year, may wash down their victuals with light small-beer, and nothing beyond that for the first seven years. In the second and third septennary, the same rule, which has been laid down concerning wine, should be observed, in all strong malt

liquors; they should be very sparingly used. Nothing is more dangerous than the indulgence of parents in this respect; for besides the many ill effects already mentioned, it clouds the under standing, and renders young people unfit for study. Besides it gives them an early bloatedness, and greatly endangers the laying the foundation of a sot, for life; or at least gives them such a hankering, as cannot but be a great impediment to their happiness.

Tea may be considered like some certain drugs, which, in skilful hands, are safe and useful, but in ignorant ones, poisonous. That the intemperate and indiscriminate use of it is hurtful, is too well known to be disputed; some, it is true, are manifestly refreshed, comforted, and enlivened by it, others feel not the least sensible effects from it, but drink it purely through custom; but I believe the majority impair their health by this pernicious practice, Infants have nothing to do with this darling, deluding liquor; and when at a more ad, vanced age, parents should still give it their children very sparingly, if at all; and be careful to keep them if possible, from ever being attached to it. Those children who have weak nerves, should not by any means drink tea at all. Tea should never be made strong, nor drunk in large quantities, nor hot, nor without milk, nor very sweet; nor should it be drunk on a morning by those, who cannot eat with their breakfast. Milk and water, with bread or milk-porridge, or ricemilk, should be a child's constant

breakfast; but this should be altered according to its habits of body. Thus, when a child is hot, dry and costive, parents should sometimes desist from the use of milk, and give it watergruel, either with or without currants, or very small broth, or milk-porridge, which last is rendered opening by the oat-meal. So likewise, where their bowels are weak, and there is an habitual purging, the child should be kept more closely to milk, and have rice-milk, rice-gruel, or broth thickened with rice, or thick milk, or milk, or hasty pudding.

Lying on soft beds is undoubt edly wrong, as they absorb too much of the juices, enfeeble the frame, and have a remarkable tendency to give a pain or weakness in the small of the back. The mattress should therefore be put uppermost with a bolster only, and no pillow, for it is not good for children to have the head high; let them lie on one side or the other, and not on the back; and let them lie pretty straight in the bed, yet not fully stretched out, for that would impede the due action of the animal functions, and render sleep less profitable to them. The upper rooms of the house are the most healthy, and the curtains should never be drawn.-Nelson.

the Testament attracted our notice; but did not meet our approbation at first; however, on reconsideration, we are convinced it is an improvement. A reader should consider who is the speaker; to whom, and on what account he is spoken to. Care should also be taken to discern between a quotation introduced into a narrative, and the narrative itself: for instance, I Cor. xv. 32. "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we are to die." An injudicious reader might take this for the words of the Apostle ; whereas he is only quoting those of a libertine or epicure. Therefore, the names of the different speakers being annexed to their respective speeches, is a great assistant to common readers.

The injudicious division of the Testament, which is retained in the Common Translation, has been long complained of; part of a subject being in one Chapter and part in another. Also the sub-divisions into verses, which disfigure the work, continually mar the sense, and destroy the emphasis. These are very properly amended in the present work, in which the divisions are judiciously made; and a title also is placed over each division expressive of what Mr. S. conceived to be the leading feature of that section.

Many emendations in this Translation (as at Acts i. 24, 25. xiii. 21, 22. xiii. 48. 1 Cor. vii. 36-39. Heb. ix. 15-18.) consist not so much of whole passages as of single words; yet they are of importance to those who desire to understand the scripture. A small alteration we

own thoughts. If you think them worthy of a place in your publication, I think you may again hear from

BENEVOLUS.

ON FRIENDSHIP.

WHETHER the human heart is susceptible of friendship there is no doubt. Instances of this generous and noble principle are too numerous in both sacred and profane history to permit us to question its existence. It is yet a melancholy fact, that the term friend is often abused, and that many have made professions of friendship, who have never felt its impulse, nor fulfilled its duties. This remark will seem just, if I mention particular qualities, which are incompatible with friendship.

Of these selfishness is one. Some persons enter into friendship for sake of their own convenience only, and use their friends as the mere stepping stones to some envied pleasure of advantage. Such characters are well described by the son of Sirach. "Some man," says he, "is a friend for his own occasion, and will not abide in the day of trouble. Some friend is a companion at the table, and will not continue in the day of thine affliction. In thy prosperity he will be as thyself, and will be bold over thy servants; but if thou be brought low, he will be against thee, and hide himself from thy face." A friend of this cast is unworthy of the name. His friendship is nothing more than a base traffick. Without question

we may have some regard to our own interest in the friendships we form. Total disinterestedness and absolute perfection in friend. ship, any more than in religion, is neither expected nor required in fallible man. But if our cold hearts do not love the persons we flatter; if wealth or fame be at the bottom of all our specious behaviour; and if we are not really concerned to promote the happiness of our friends, as well as our own, we no more know the nature and the joys of friendship, than we do the employments and felicity of heaven.

Pride also is inimical to friendship. When a man thinks himself better than all the world besides; or if he thinks himself only much better than he really is, it is wonderful if he can find a friend. The vanity of men in general is so great, that it is as much as ever a man can obtain the praise, which he may justly demand. But when he sues for an undue share of either applause or attention, he is sure to be hated. Besides, it is the nature of pride to oppress. The proud man is oppressive every where. At the table of conviviality, he is as apt to monopolize the highest seat and the best dishes, as to engross the first honours in the state, when engaged in political rivalries. In the neighbourhood of this oppression friendship cannot grow. The homage of the heart may be won, but not exacted. So delicate a plant as friendship will never be forced. It springs spontaneously in humble hearts; and "the poor in spirit" alone can successfully cultivate it.

So neither does the indulgence