First therefore, I say, you cannot have a Perfect Pallace, except you have two severall Sides; A Side for the Banquet, as is spoken of in the Booke of Hester; And a Side; for the Houshold: The One for Feasts and Triumphs, and the other for Dwelling. I understand both these Sides, to be not onely Returnes, but Parts of the Front; And to be uniforme without, though severally Partitioned within; And to be on both Sides, of a Great and Stately Tower, in the Middest of the Front; That as it were, ioyneth them together, on either Hand. I would have on the Side of the Banquet, in Front, one only Goodly Roome, above Staires, of some Fortie Foot high; And under it, a Roome, for a Dressing or Preparing Place, at Times of Triumphs. On the other Side, which is the Houshold Side, I wish it divided at the first, into a Hall, and a Chappell, (with a Partition betweene;) Both of good State, and Bignesse: And those not to goe all the length, but to have, at the further end, a Winter, and a Summer Parler, both Faire. And under these Roomes, A Faire and Large Cellar, suncke under Ground: And likewise, some Privie Kitchins, with Butteries, and Pantries, and the like. As for the Tower, I would have it two Stories, of Eighteene Foot High a peece, above the two Wings; And a Goodly Leads upon the Top, railed with Statua's interposed; And the same Tower to bee divided into Roomes, as shall be thought fit. The Staires likewise, to the upper Roomes, let them bee upon a Faire open Newell, and finely raild in, with Images of Wood, cast into a Brasse Colour:

And a very faire Landing Place at the Top. But this to be, if you doe not point, any of the lower Roomes, for a Dining Place of Servants. For otherwise, you shall have the Servants Dinner, after your owne: For the Steame of it will come up as in a Tunnell. And so much for the Front. Only, I understand the Height of the first Staires, to be Sixteene Foot, which is the Height of the Lower Roome.

Beyond this Front, is there to be a Faire Court, but three Sides of it, of a Farre Lower building, then the Front. And in all the foure Corners of that Court, Faire Staire Cases, cast into Turrets, on the Outside, and not within the Row of Buildings themselves. But those Towers, are not to be of the Height of the Front; But rather Proportionable to the Lower Building. Let the Court not be paved, for that striketh up a great Heat in Summer, and much Cold in Winter. But onely some Side Alleys, with a Crosse, and the Quarters to Graze, being kept Shorne, but not too neare Shorne. The Row of Returne, on the Banquet Side, Let it be all Stately Galleries; In which Galleries, Let there be three, or five, fine Cupola's, in the Length of it, placed at equall distance: And fine Coloured Windowes of severall workes. On the Houshold Side, Chambers of Presence, and Ordinary Entertainments, with some Bedchambers; And let all three Sides, be a double House, without Thorow Lights, on the Sides, that you may have Roomes from the Sunne, both for Fore-noone, and After-noone. Cast it also, that you may have Roomes, both for Sum

mer, and Winter: Shadie for Summer, and Warme for Winter. You shall have sometimes Faire Houses, so full of Glasse, that one cannot tell, where to become, to be out of the Sunne, or Cold: For Inbowed Windowes, I hold them of good Use; (In Cities indeed, Upright doe better, in respect of the Uniformitie towards the Street;) For they bee Prettie Retiring Places for Conference; And besides, they keepe both the Wind, and Sunne off: For that which would strike almost thorow the Roome, doth scarce passe the Window. But let them be but few, Foure in the Court, On the Sides onely.

Beyond this Court, let there be an Inward Court of the same Square, and Height; Which is to be environed, with the Garden, on all Sides: And in the Inside, Cloistered on all Sides, upon Decent and Beautifull Arches, as High as the first Story. On the Under Story, towards the Garden, Let it be turned to a Grotta, or Place of Shade, or Estivation. And onely have opening and Windowes towards the Garden; And be Levell upon the Floare, no whit sunke under Ground, to avoid all Dampishnesse. And let there be a Fountaine, or some faire Worke of Statua's, in the Middest of this Court; And to be Paved as the other Court was. These Buildings to be for Privie Lodgings, on both Sides; And the End, for Privie Galleries. Whereof, you must fore-see, that one of them, be for an Infirmary, if the Prince, or any Special Person should be Sicke, with Chambers, Bed-chamber, Anticamera, and Recamera, ioyning to it. This upon the Second

Story. Upon the Ground Story, a Faire Gallery, Open, upon Pillars: And upon the Third Story likewise, an Open Gallery upon Pillars, to take the Prospect, and Freshnesse of the Garden. At both Corners of the further Side, by way of Returne, Let there be two Delicate or Rich Cabinets, Daintily Paved, Richly Hanged, Glased with Crystalline Glasse, and a Rich Cupola in the Middest; And all other Elegancie that may be thought upon. In the Upper Gallery too, I wish that there may be, if the Place will yeeld it, some Fountaines Running, in divers Places, from the Wall, with some fine Avoidances. And thus much, for the Modell of the Pallace: Save that, you must have, before you come to the Front, three Courts. A Greene Court Plain, with a Wall about it: A Second Court of the same, but more Garnished, with little Turrets, or rather Embellishments, upon the Wall: And a Third Court, to make a Square with the Front, but not to be built, nor yet enclosed with a Naked Wall, but enclosed with Tarrasses, Leaded aloft, and fairely garnished, on the three Sides; And Cloistered on the Inside, with Pillars, and not with Arches Below. As for Offices, let them stand at Distance, with some Low Galleries, to passe from them, to the Pallace it Selfe.

XLVI

Of Gardens

G indeed, it is the Purest of Humane plea

OD Almightie first Planted a Garden. And

sures. It is the Greatest Refreshment to the Spirits of Man; Without which, Buildings and Pallaces are but Grosse Handy-works: And a Man shall ever see, that when Ages grow to Civility and Elegancie, Men come to Build Stately, sooner then to Garden Finely: As if Gardening were the Greater Perfection. I doe hold it, in the Royall Ordering of Gardens, there ought to be Gardens, for all the Moneths in the Yeare: In which, severally, Things of Beautie, may be then in Season. For December, and January, and the Latter Part of November, you must take such Things, as are Greene all Winter: Holly; Ivy; Bayes; Iuniper; Cipresse Trees; Eugh; Pine-Apple-Trees; Firre-Trees; Rose-Mary; Lavander; Periwinckle, the White, the Purple, and the Blewe; Germander; Flagges; Orenge-Trees; Limon-Trees; And Mirtles, if they be stooved; & Sweet Marioram warme set. There followeth, for the latter Part of Ianuary, and February, the Mezerion Tree, which then blossomes; Crocus Vernus, both the Yellow,