GLOSSARY THIS Glossary is for the most part compiled from the New English Dictionary; quotations from that work, however, are not indicated, except in a few special cases. It is designed merely to assist the reader, not to provide material for the study of Dryden's language. It includes (a) words the meaning of which might perplex persons unfamiliar with seventeenth-century English; (b) words which Dryden employs with a different accent from that now in common use; (c) a few words like boatsman, fauchion, haulser, which would probably cause no difficulty to the reader, but which by their unusual form might seem misprints when found in the text. The following abbreviations are employed, in addition to those used in the Notes: Abate of, diminish, lessen in amount, 2162, 17. Abbethdin. v. n. 112, 188. Ac'cessary. Accident, incident, 384', 47. Achievement, an escutcheon or ensign armorial, granted in memory of some achievement or distinguished feat; sometimes used as "the arms well marshaled with the supporters, helmet, wreath, and crests, etc.," 773, 344. (Quotation is from Gwillim, cited in N. E. D.) Acknowledging, grateful, 500', 38. Adown, down. Adult'rate, of base origin, 3, 25. Adust, "burnt up," dry; applied in medical sense to a certain condition of the body, 824, 156. Afeard, afraid, 824, 136. Affect, seek to obtain, 48, 1091; like to frequent, 482, 441; show ostentatiously a liking for, 4942, 52. Affright (sb.), fright, 110, 71. Aland, on dry land, 524, 161. Alga, seaweed. Allay, inferior metal mixed with one of greater value, alloy, 892, 39. Allow, approve of, sanction, 244, 1991; admit, 4962, 30. Allude, refer to, with symbolic meaning, 240, 1660. Almain, German. Alow, low, downwards, 466, 171; 895, 370. Amain, vehemently, violently; at full speed; immediately. Amaze, amazement, bewilderment, 674, 215. Attend, wait, wait for; wait to see, 837, 317. Auspex, one who took omens by the flight of birds; then, a director of marriage ceremonies, 354, 517. Auspice, propitious influence, patronage, 49, 1150; a well-omened introduction, 254, 50. Authentic, authoritative, entitled to belief, 4, 8; entitled to obedience or respect, 246, 2132. Awful, reverential, profoundly respectful, 255, 106. Bead, bid beads, offer prayers (with indirect reference to the use of the rosary). Beam, the main trunk of a stag's horn, 619, 670. Beamy, antlered, 472, 625; massive as a (weaver's) beam, 775, 480. Bear, push, press, 660, 532. Becoming of, suitable to, 745, 58. Beestings, the first milk after calving, 425, 42. Beholding, indebted, 365, n. 6. Belinsgate, Billingsgate, abusive language (so called from a noted fish market in London), 909, 84 (Soame?). Bent, bare field, heath. Benting times, times when pigeons are reduced to feeding on bents or coarse grass, 252, 2577. Bergamote, a fine kind of pear. Berry. v. 719, 103, n. Blas, preponderating disposition (metaphor from game of bowls), 136, 189; to run off one's bias, to depart from one's natural course, 2881, 22. Bid, bid beads. v. Bead. Big-corn'd, large-grained, 39, 595. Bilander (Dutch), coasting vessel, 219, 128. Bilbo-gallant, bully gallant, from bilbo, a sword, originally one from Bilbao in Spain, 156, 5. Bishop'd, confirmed. Bittor, bittern, 874, 194. Blatant, bellowing; cf. 228, 802, n. Bless, make the sign of the cross over, 241, 1790. Blind, a place of concealment, 565, 95. Blubber'd, bewept, disfigured with weeping, 844, 392. Boatsman, boatman, 885, 449. Boist'rous, stiff, unyielding, 794, 159. Booty, to play booty is to play badly on purpose, in order to lose the game; hence write booty, 5002, 8. Borachio, a leathern wine bottle, 376, 216. Bore, push an opponent out of the course in racing, 646, 588; thrust the head straight forward (of a horse), 470, 438. (The Latin text points to this meaning rather than to that of "push forward by gradual persistent motion," which N. E. D. applies to this passage.) Botch, boil, ulcer, pimple, 232, 1115. Boutefeu, incendiary, firebrand, 917, 1077 (Soame). Bowsy, boozy, drunken, 351, 288. Boyism, puerility, 744', 21. Brave (sb.), bravo, bully. Breathe, be redolent of, 484, 602; breathe a vein, lance it so as to let blood, 5, 48. Breer, briar. Breeze, gadfly, 467, 239. Brew, prepare by mixing several ingredients, 6, 100, n. Brim, fill to the brim. Brimmer, goblet filled to the brim, 185, 99. Brinded, brindled, streaked, 822, 14. Brindice, brendice, bumper, cup in which a person's health is drunk, 72', 6. Broach (sb.), spit, 461, 547. Broacher, spit, 820, 638. Brown george. v. n. 376, 215. Browse, young shoots and twigs, used as food for cattle, 439, 9. Bubble (sb.), dupe, gull, 329, 206. Bug word, bugaboo (?) word, word meant to terrify, 729, 882. Built (sb.), build, 32, 237. Bumbast, bombast, 909, 98 (Soame). Bump. v. 874, 194, n. Burnish (vb. intrans.), grow plump or stout, 791, 21; (vb. trans.), v. n. 223, 390, on p. 1032. Buxom, pliant, yielding, favorable, kindly, 591, 1017. By-end, secret, selfish purpose. Cadence'. Cadency, cadence, rhythm. Camelot, camlet, a stuff made of goats' hair; in 470, 487, apparently used of the goats' hair itself, corresponding to fleece as used of sheep. Candid, white, 880, 60. Cant (sb. and adj.), technical language, or pertaining to it; the peculiar phraseology of a religious sect (not necessarily hypocritical), 116, 521. Cant (vb.), use cant language, 824, 146, n. The execration pox cant 'em, 124, 18, is probably only a euphemism for a vigorous oath. It may, however, as the context indicates, be more specific, plague take their canting. Cantlet, piece cut off, fragment. Careful, attended with care or trouble, 242, 1868. Carousel, tournament, gorgeous equestrian display, 588, 777. Cashier, dismiss from service. Connatural, agreeing in nature, allied, 261, 7. Conscious, privy to a secret, 576, 932. Consequent (sb.), consequence, 1082, 3. Con'sistory, court, company surrounding a throne, 232, 1074. Consort, singing or playing in harmony, accompaniment (?), 201, 42. Consult, consultation (often with unfavorable connotation), 250, 2402. Contain, contain oneself, remain, 138, 42 (Tate). Contended, striven for, disputed. Content, on (upon) content, without question or examination, 167, 381. Contra'ry. v. n. 437, 10. Con'venticle (or Conventi'cle), meeting of Nonconformists (illegal in Dryden's time), 131, 284. Conversation, familiar society, intimacy, 5012, 17. Converse', talk, conversation, 192, 20. Corps. v. General Note, p. 931. Couch, lay down (a person, or oneself). Couchée, evening reception, 224, 516. Counter, city prison, 822, 20 (Epil.). Counterbanded, smuggled. Counterbuff'd, rebuffed, struck in the opposite direction, 894, 342. Courtship, courtliness, 412, 29. Coystrel, kestrel, a species of small hawk. Cozen, cheat, 8, 128. Cozenage, deception, fraud, 229, 830. Crack, crash, loud noise, 46, 951. Cracknel, cracker, crisp biscuit, 331, 310. Crazy, sickly, infirm, 237, 1445. Croslet, corslet, 621, 877. Cross (prep.), across. Cross (vb.), contradict, contravene, 247, 2241. Crotch, pole with forked top, used as support, 804, 160. Cruddled, curdled, congealed. Cruse, small earthen vessel for liquids, jug, 248, 2294. Cry, pack of hounds, 225, 595, where, however, the meaning of the public voice may also be intended; cf. 249, 2330. Cuckow, cuckoo. Cucumer, cucumber. Cudden, born fool, dolt, 892, 179. Cuishes, Cuisses, armor for protecting the front part of the thighs. Cully, dupe, gull, simpleton, 852, 8. Curious, skilfully or elaborately wrought. Curtana. v. n. 231, 991. Cutting. v. n. 671, 31. Dare, to dare larks, to fascinate and daze them, in order to catch them, 43, 780. Darkling (adv.), in the dark. Dash, bespatter, splash, 111, 114. Dead color (or coloring). v. n. 741, 48. Debenture, certificate of indebtedness issued by some government office, 410, 3. Decence, decency. Decline (vb. intrans.), turn aside, deviate, 395, 687. Decrepid, decrepit. Decumbiture, an astrological figure erected for the time of falling ill, affording prognostics of recovery or death, 345, 752. Deducement, deduction, inference. Defy, declaration of defiance, challenge to fight, 776, 580. Degree, row, tier, 580, 158. Delude, delude their force, 122, 1021, apparently means squander their energy; from the use of delude (time) in the sense of spend, beguile. Demains, demesnes, domains, regions. Denounce, announce, proclaim, 690, 120. Depend (vb. intrans.), hang down, 568, 368; be in suspense, or undetermined, 228, 774. Dependence, something that hangs down, 487, 806. Designment, original draught or design. Diapason, grand burst of harmony, whole compass of an instrument, 252, 15. Diffide, distrust, lack faith. Di'gestive (sb.), medicine or food promoting digestion, 825, 189 (Chaucer). Diges'tive (adj.), having the function of digesting, tending to methodize and reduce to order, 8, 89. Dint, (assaulting) force, 237, 1494. Dip, immerse, involve, implicate; mortgage, 380, 160. Discourse, the faculty of reasoning; reasoning, ratiocination, 163, 71. Discover, make known, 476 (Arg.). Disembogue, pour forth, empty out, 232, Divisible. In 222, 319, equivalent to material, since matter is divisible and spirit indivisible. Do (sensu obscœno). Dodder'd. Used as an epithet of an oak, or other tree, that has lost its head and branches by decay, 780, 905; 545, 702. This word was apparently first used in literature by Dryden. Dolphin, Dauphin. Done, exhausted, weary, 33, 277. Doom, statute, enactment, 164, 206; 251, 2527; judgment, discernment, 483, 565; fate, 466, 111. Doom into. v. n. 43, 827. Doom'd, sentenced (in contrast to fated), 218, 8; fated, destined, 631, 501. Dop, descend suddenly into water, pop down, 1072, 2. Dorp, village, 243, 1905. Doted, foolish, in second childhood. Doubt, suspect, 7442, 60; mistrust, 97, 171; doubt of, be undecided about, 1782, 37. Draught, drawing, delineation, picture, 249, 2342. Dress, train, break in; or groom, curry (?), 670, 1226. Drib (vb.), let fall in drops or driblets, i. e. weep, 123, 22. Dropping, dripping, 760, 42. Eagre, a tidal wave of unusual height, caused by the rushing of the tide up a narrowing estuary; used chiefly with reference to the Humber (and Trent) and the Severn, 205, 134. Ean, yean, bring forth lambs. 145, 563 (Tate). Ease, Chapel of. v. n. 242, 1834. Ease, Writ of, certificate of discharge from employment, 812, 19. Economy, structure, arrangement, proportion of parts (of a poem or play), 504, 34. Effort'. Elephant, ivory, 559, 595. Embodied, formed into a militant body, marshaled, 571, 582. Em'piric (Em'p'ric). Emptiness, vacuum, 15, 42. Encrease. v. Increase. Endlong, right along, straight on, 777, 691. Enquire, inquire of, seek information from, 130, 164. Enterpris'd, undertaken, 2882, 24. Envy, malice, enmity; odium, unpopularity. Epoche, epoch (v. n. 8, 108). Equal (sb.), person of same age as another, 587, 719. Equal (adj.), just, fair-minded, impartial, 655, 166. Eringo, the candied root of the sea holly, formerly used as a sweetmeat, and regarded as an aphrodisiac, 340, 419. Err, stray, wander, 547, 814. Errant (adj.), downright, unquestionable, 513', 21. Error, action of wandering; devious course, 588, 772. Dittany, a plant (Dictamnus Creticus) formerly famous for its supposed healing virtues, 697, 609. Essay', first tentative effort, 38, 558; 740, 15; result of an attempt, 434, 42. Etesian. v. n. 750, 46. Event, outcome, issue, 288, 50. Evidence, witness, 138, 46 (Tate). Evince, prove, 228, 762. Exact, consummate, accomplished, 277, 65. Example, pattern, design to be copied, 393, 494. (Ovid has hominum exempla.) Excellency, excellence. Excite, stir up (in physical sense), 469, 362. Exclusive, having the function of excluding, 141, 254 (Tate). Excursion, digression, 476 (Arg.). Exercise, employ, train by practice or by ascetic discipline, or (possibly) harass, afflict, 209, 430; till (the ground), 447, 232. Exert, bring to light, reveal, 273, 165. Expire (vb. trans.), breathe out, 789, 203; give out under pressure, 446, 205; (vb. intrans.), rush forth, 479, 254. Explicate, explain, 166, 289. Expose, put out, put ashore, 658, 403; explain, set forth, 529, 539. Express (adj.), distinctly uttered, 854, 71. Fact, evil deed, crime, 791, 335. Factor, agent, representative, 8, 78. Falsify, render useless, spoil, 653, 1095; v. Dryden's note, p. 7151. Fame, rumor, common talk, 553, 147. Fated, made proof by spells, charmed, 634, 711. Favor, appearance, look, 1251, 30. Featly, with graceful agility, nimbly, 875, 216. Fescue, pointer, stick or pin used for pointing, 279, 38. Firm, strengthen, confirm, 615, 356. Firmamental waters. N. E. D. explains these words, in 49, 1122, as “liquid as pure as the firmament." But a different explanation is suggested by Genesis i, 7: "And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament." Cf. N. E. D., under Firmamentary. Fix, determine: v. n. 897, 557. Flaggy, hanging down limply, drooping, 476, 40. Flaw, crack, fissure, 204, 31; sudden uproar or tumult. In 647, 722 apparently used in the first meaning, but with a tinge of the second as well. Flitting, shifting, unstable; fleeting, transitory. Flix, fur (by Dryden used only of the hare, 38, 526). Fogue, fougue, fury, ardor, 9, 203. Foin (vb.), thrust with pointed weapon, lunge, 762, 196. Fond (sb. Fr.), stock, store, 1802, 37. Fond (adj.), foolish, trivial, over-affectionate. Fond (vb.), fondle, 534, 962. Forbear, have patience with, tolerate, 110, 37. Forelay, waylay, 645, 537. Foreseize, seize beforehand, 150, 976 (Tate). Foreslow, forslow, delay, hinder. Forthright, directly forward, straight on. Free, admitted to the privileges of (a corporation or the like), 438, 43; allowed the use or enjoyment of a place, 251, 2539. Frequent, crowded, full, 235, 1319. Frightful, timid, alarmed, 561, 780. Frize, frieze, sort of coarse woolen cloth, 379, 107. Frontless, unblushing, shameless. Fry, burn (trans.), 423, 14; burn (intrans.), 1992, 33; 553, 196: boil, seethe, foam, 580, 186. Fulminate, strike with the thunderbolts of ecclesiastical censure, denounce, 233, 1156. Fulsome, nauseating, loathsome, repulsive, 221, 221. Fumetery, fumitory, fumaria officinalis. Gage (sb.), pledge, security, 29, 79. Galenical, pertaining to the school of the physician Galen; v. n. 4882, 41. Gall'd, chafed, frayed, 39, 589. Gallimaufry, hodge-podge, medley, 4171, 19. Gaudry, gaudery, showy decoration. Ga'zette, news-sheet, periodical publication giv- Generous, of good breed or stock, 466, 119; spirited, 774, 443. Genial, natural, 250, 2441; genial bed, marriage bed, 336, 76. Geniture. v. n. 12, 104. George. v. Brown george. Gibbous, rounded, protuberant, 629, 308. Give on, make an assault, 49, 1120, n. God-smith, god-maker. Grabble, feel with the hands, handle rudely or roughly. Gradual, steps of an altar, 393, 506 (the only instance of the word in this sense cited by N. E. D.). Graff, graft. Grateful, pleasant, agreeable, 1993, 22; cf. a. 728, 799. Grave, engrave. |