considering the Poetical Reflections on Absalom and Achitophel by a Person of Honour, in composing and publishing which the Duke of Buckingham showed much resentment and very little wit." [SCOTT.]

This tract is assigned to Buckingham only on the evidence of Wood's Athena Oxonienses. On Buckingham, cf. 116, 544, n. 314', 27. Ense rescindendum. Cf. 109a, 33, n. 3142, 12. Sarmentus, etc. v. 1 Satires, v, vii. 26. Mr. Swan. Professor Ker points out that the fame of this punster is preserved by Swift, Dennis, and others, as well as by Dryden.

3152, 4. Noble similitude. Dacier took this similitude, along with most of his other material

that is of any value, from Casaubon (1. i, c. 2, pp. 62-64), who, however, uses it in a different connection. It goes back ultimately to Plato, Symposium, 215 A.

49. The words of Virgil. Cf. 583, 405–412. 316', 30. Nomen, etc. Georgics, iii. 47, 48; cf. 465, 81, 82.

37. Maidwell. This may have been Lewis Maidwell, who published, in 1705, An Essay upon the Necessity and Excellency of Education. 3162, 12. Quicquid, etc. Juvenal, i. 85, 86; cf. 324, 130-132.

28. Satire, etc. Heinsius, p. 54. 3171, 13. Grande sophos. "An oversight for the grande aliquid of Persius, i. 14. Grande sophos, 'the loud bravo,' occurs three times in Martial." [KER.] Dryden took the mistake, if it must be called such, from Rigaltius, who speaks (p. 2, col. 1) of the grande Persii sophos. 50. Donne. Cf. 2702, 4, n. 317, 30. Mascardi. Professor Ker traces the reference to his Discorso del' Unità della Favola Drammatica, in his Prose Volgari, 1630. 32. Guarini. The Pastor Fido of Guarini (15371612), published in 1590, and the Aminta of Tasso are the most famous of the Italian pastoral dramas; cf. 4202, 4-11.

3181, 47. Persius, etc. Dryden is again indebted to Casaubon's Prolegomena.

3182, 23. Hudibras. v. 238, 1541, n. Dr. John

son states in his Life of Dryden, without citing any authority, that Butler is said" to have joined Buckingham in the attack on Dryden in The Rehearsal. If this be true, Dryden had evidently fully forgiven him. 51. Such a little instrument. "Dryden, in his Letter to Sir George Etherege (v. 214, 215), has shown, however, how completely he was master even of a measure he despised." [SCOTT.] 319, 30. Tassoni. (F reads Tassone.) Alessandro Tassoni (1565-1635) published his Secchia Rapita (The Rape of the Bucket) in 1622.

Boileau. The first four cantos of his Lutrin (Lecturn) were published in 1674, the remaining two in 1683.

32. Merlin Coccaius. The assumed name of Teofilo Folengo (1491-1544), an Italian poet who wrote in macaronic (burlesque Latin) verse. Badus is the hero of his comic epic Macaronea.

37. Stanza of eight. Cf. 7411, 34, n. 46. Scarron. Paul Scarron (1610-60), the first part of whose Virgile Travesti had appeared in 1648.

3192, 3. Nec, etc. Eneid, iv. 365–367 (cf. 570, 522-525), which Boileau imitated in his Lutrin, near the opening of the second canto. He later canceled the passage containing these verses, which do not appear in the editions subsequent to 1682. In the second line of the quotation horloger is a mistake of Dryden or the printer for l'horloger. 19. Admiranda, etc. Georgics, iv. 3-5, 208, 209; cf. 476, 3-7; 480, 303-305.

41. Turns of words, etc. Cf. 3852, 5 f; 5131, 7 f; 744, 25 f. See Professor C. H. Herford's introduction (§ 24) to Spenser's Shepheards Calender, London, 1895; and Puttenham, The Arte of English Poesie (ed. Arber), p. 213. 48. Mackenzie. "Sir George Mackenzie (163691) of Rosehaugh was Lord Advocate for Scotland during the reigns of Charles II and his successor. His works are voluminous, and upon various subjects, but chiefly historical and juridical. He left, however, an heroic romance, Aretina, a poem called Calia's Country House, and some essays on moral subjects. His having been the zealous agent of the crown during the cruel persecution of the fanatical Cameronians renders him still execrated among the common people of Scotland. But he was an accomplished scholar, of lively talents and ready elocution, and very well deserved the appellation of a noble wit of Scotland." [SCOTT.]

50. Sir John Denham. Cf. 91; 5122, 5; 5141, 52, n; 7442, 52, n.

3201, 12. Cowley. Cf. 181', 45, n.

40. Walsh. William Walsh (1663-1708), critic and minor poet. Dryden had written a preface for his Dialogue concerning Women, published in 1691: v. SS. xviii. 1-7. He is known in literary history as the friend of Pope as well as of Dryden. The life of Walsh in Anderson's British Poets states that in 1692 he published A Collection of Letters and Poems, Amorous and Gallant; the present editor has been unable to find any other mention of this book. Walsh's Preface, as printed in the same collection, does not contain any such statement as is here referred to by Dryden. For another mention of Walsh, v. 7082, 36.

53. Heu, etc. Met. xv. 88-90; cf. 881, 125–128. 3202, 5. Tum, etc. CATULLus, Ixiv. 143–148. 14. Si, nisi, etc. Heroides [xv.] 39, 40, with a change of facie into forma. This epistle is of doubtful authenticity.

22. Cum, etc. Georgics, iv. 488, 489; cf. 485, 702-705.

30. Prosodia. Cf. 512', 36-42.

43. Abraham. v. Genesis xviii. 23–33. 3212, 17. Pulverulenta, etc. Eneid, viii. 596, misquoted; the first word should be quadrupedante.

323, 14. The Centaurs' fury. v. 857-863, 292705.

62. Thrice concocted blood. Professor Saintsbury thinks that this is a reminiscence of the phrase my thrice decocted blood, in the last line of some verses headed Ignoto, attributed to Marlowe.

324, 122. S-u. Shadwell: v. B. S. xxviii, xxix; 134, 15, n: cf. 196, 35, n. 327, 24. Basket, etc. Cf. 344, 703. 334, 39 (Arg.). Sir C. S. v. 136, 163, n. 3351, 26. Every vice, etc. The metaphor is from dicing; a loader is a doublet.

3352, 31. Venerably. Freads ven'rably. 336, 55. Bachelor. Batchelour in F; but the forms bachiler, batcheler, in use in Dryden's time, will account for the rhyme. Perhaps one of them should have been printed in the text.

90. Secure

of. Safe from finding.

337, 153. Grisly. F reads griesly.

184. A fire. So F: perhaps we should read afire.

339, 278. Ζωὴ καὶ ψυχή! Life and soul. (ψυχή in the text of the present edition is a mistake for ψυχή.)

341, 479, 480. Knows . . . drain. The discrepancy in number is a sign of Dryden's carelessness.

342, 538. Fame. Dryden introduces a Virgilian reference not found in his original: cf. 567, 252-274.

571. Tabors, etc. v. n. 205, 150.

343, 578. Mood and figure. Terms of formal logic. 586. Priscian. A Roman grammarian of the fifth century: the mention of him here is of course an anachronism on Dryden's part. 344, 675. Ice. F reads yee.

688. Runs. Contrast smile in the next line; the careless grammar shows Dryden's haste in writing, or heedlessness in reading proof. Cf. 479, 264-266; 400, 1031, n. 703. Basket, etc. Cf. 327, 24. 345, 736. Adulterer. F reads Adult'rer.

805. His mother's love. "Hippomanes is a lump of flesh on the forehead of a newborn foal which the dam was supposed to tear off with her teeth. It is also applied to a humor which runs from mares [v. 470, 443]. In any case, it was supposed to stimulate the sexual passions, and also to drive people mad." J. D. LEWIS, note on Juvenal, vi. 133.

347, n. 33. Sicilian tyrants. Cf. 369, nn. 5, 6. n. 49. Linus. A mistake of Dryden or the printer for Lynceus.

348, 41. The pair of sages. Democritus and Heraclitus; cf. 4422, 3, n.

76. Heaven. Freads Heav'n. 349, 135. Plays least in sight. "An obscure

phrase. If, as one would think, it equals keeps out of the way, this would not go very well with met." [SAINTSBURY.]

351, 279. Death, etc. The quotation marks, emphasizing the aphorism, are retained from F.

352, 359. Shoulder pains. F reads Shoulders pain. 353, 435. Fever. F reads Favour. 355, n. 23. Phædria. A blunder for Phædra, either by Dryden or by the printer.

n. 24. Pætus. A mistake for Pratus.

n. 25. Hostia. i. e. Ostia.

The

THE SIXTEENTH SATIRE OF JUVENAL. authenticity of this satire has been questioned.

3561, 4 (Arg.). Standing army. Dryden loses no opportunity of expressing his dislike of a standing army, the establishment of which was an important part of King William's policy. Cf. 4892, 39, n; 7433, 2; 777, 672; 799, 596-601.

360, 194. The Mimallonian crew. Cf. 725, 608. 199. Evion. The cry of the Bacchantes. 364, 102. Phlegm. F reads fleam, which might well have been retained, to mark the rhyme. 365, n. 6. Esculapius. F reads Esculapius. On the story here told of Alexander, cf. 751, 133, 134. The passage in Sir Thomas Browne to which Dryden refers is, as Professor Saintsbury shows: "I do think that many mysteries ascribed to our own inventions have been the courteous revelations of spirits." (Religio Medici, i. § 31.)

n. 7 (1. 2). Treasures. . . was kept. The slip in grammar is perhaps only a printer's error, but cf. 400, 1031, n.

367, 126. Conquest and Gibbons. On William Gibbons (1649-1728), v. 709, 13; 785, 82; cf. 196, 35, n.

370, 6 (Arg.). Lucan, etc. In Pharsalia, i. 33–38, Lucan explains that, if civil war were needed to secure the happy reign of Nero, he makes no complaint: "If such be the reward, even crimes and sin are pleasing." The compliment has sometimes been regarded as sarcastic.

35 (Arg.). Casaubon. Casaubon's theory has not been accepted by modern scholars.

371, 50. "Say, etc. F gives no indication of the changes of speakers in this line. In general, it is somewhat difficult to settle the position of quotation marks in this satire: they are not used in F.

372, n. 7. This note, and a few words from the following, are here omitted, the only case of expurgation in the present edition.

Dr. Busby. Richard Busby (1606-95), headmaster of Westminster School from 1638. Though famous for his severity, he was beloved by his pupils.

374, 80. Dodder'd. F reads Doddard. v. GLOS

SARY.

375, 212. Bethlem's, etc. v. 131, 285, n. 376, 215. Brown george. "A loaf of a coarse kind of brown bread." N. E. D.

377, n. 21. Sedley. v. 136, 163, n. Sedley founded his Bellamira on Terence's Eunuchus. 382.

EXAMEN POETICUM. The mottoes are Georgics, iv. 100, 101, 157: cf. for the first, 478, 152, 153; the second means: "They place in the center what they have sought for." The quotations are appropriate for a book of which the title is, A Poetic Swarm of Bees.

The dedication of this volume was not successful financially, and bade fair to involve Dryden in difficulties with the government.

In a letter to Tonson of August 30, 1693, he writes:

"I am sure you thought my Lord Radclyffe wou'd have done something: I ghess'd more truly, that he cou'd not; but I was too far ingag'd to desist; though I was tempted to it, by the melancholique prospect I had of it.

"About a fortnight ago I had an intimation from a friend by letter, that one of the Secretaryes, I suppose Trenchard, had inform'd the Queen, that I had abus'd her Government, (those were the words) in my Epistle to my Lord Radcliffe; and that thereupon, she had commanded her Historiographer, Rymer, to fall upon my playes; which he assures me is now doeing. I doubt not his malice, from a former hint you gave me; and if he be employ'd, I am confident 't is of his own seeking, who, you know, has spoken slightly of me in his last critique: and that gave me occasion to snarl againe." v. n. 3832, 21. After this, however, Rymer never fell upon Dryden's plays, at least in print.

Lord Radcliffe. Lord Radcliffe was the eldest son of Francis, Earl of Derwentwater. He married Mary Tudor, a natural daughter of Charles II by Mary Davies." [SCOTT.] 3821, 20. The same parts, etc. There was a story, mentioned for example by Settle in his Absalom Senior, that Dryden once wished to enter the priesthood. This Dryden elsewhere denies; cf. 7482, 61 f.

3822, 23. The best poet, etc. The Earl of Dorset: v. n. 282. The following quotation is from a satirical epistle by Dorset, To Mr. Edward Howard, on his Incomparable, Incomprehensible Poem, called The British Princes:

Wit, like tierce claret, when 't begins to pall, Neglected lies, and 's of no use at all; But, in its full perfection of decay, Turns vinegar, and comes again in play. (Howard, against whom Dorset's wit was directed, was Dryden's brother-in-law; cf. 907, 192.)

3831, 2. Zoili and Momi. The name of Zoilus, a

Greek grammarian famous for his attacks on Homer, became proverbial as that of a carping critic. Momus was a mythical personage, the personification of mockery and censure; cf. 901, 13 f.

4. He who, etc. Dryden may refer to Carvilius Pictor, who, according to Donatus, wrote a book called Eneidomastix.

20. Petronius, etc. Sat. 118-124. Dryden may be indebted to Rapin, Reflexions sur la Poëtique, ii. 15.

27. Scaliger. Scaliger attacks Homer in his Poetices Libri Septem, v. 3; in the following book (called Hypercriticus) he attempts to mend Claudian, and censures Lucan, as Dryden states: Interdum mihi latrare, non canere videtur.

57. Non ingeniis. 2 Epistles, i. 88, 89, quoted inaccurately, from memory: "He does not support buried genius, but attacks our writings; us and our writings he maliciously dislikes."

3832, 21. But there is, etc. The following passage refers to Rymer cf. B. S. xxiii, xxiv; n. 382 (Ex. POET.) — who in 1692 (v. Malone, 1, 2, 30: title-page reads 1693) had published a new critical work, A Short View of Tragedy, its Original, Excellency, and Corruption, with some Reflections on Shakespeare and other Practitioners for the Stage, in which he continued his depreciation of the English school of tragedy. In his first chapter he gives an account of the Persa of Eschylus, and sketches a plan for a similar English tragedy, to be called The Invincible Armado. He concludes his chapter: "If Mr. Dryden might try his pen on this subject, doubtless to an audience that heartily love their country, and glory in the virtue of their ancestors, his imitation of Eschylus would have better success, and would pit, box, and gallery far beyond anything now in possession of the stage, however wrought up by the unimitable Shakespeare." But, in this seemingly complimentary passage, pit, box, and gallery is a phrase that Buckingham had made famous by putting it into the mouth of Mr. Bayes in The Rehearsal (act i), and the covert condemnation of Dryden's praises of Shakespeare, and of his actual dramatic performance, is sufficiently pointed.

In a letter to Dennis, dated by Malone in March, 1694, Dryden writes: "You see what success this learned critick has found in the world, after his blaspheming Shakspeare. Almost all the faults which he has discover'd are truly there; yet who will read Mr. Rymer, or not read Shakspeare? For my own part I reverence Mr. Rymer's learning, but I detest his ill-nature and his arrogance. I indeed, and such as I, have reason to be afraid of him, but Shakspeare has not." (Malone, I, 2, 35.) Cf. 287, 30, n; 410, 47, n; 4122, 48, n. Dryden seems later to have become reconciled to Rymer: v. 741, 50 f.

56. Quantum mutatus. "A reference to the Epistle Dedicatory of Rymer's Short View (to Lord Dorset): 'Three, indeed, of the epic (the two by Homer and Virgil's Æneids) are reckon'd in the degree of perfection, but amongst the tragedies, only the Edipus of Sophocles. That by Corneille, and by others, of a modern cut, quantum mutatus!'" KER. This is a direct attack on the Edipus of Dryden and Lee, made more cutting by being addressed to Dryden's favorite patron; cf. 282, n; 412, 48, n: 413, 49.

384', 14. Perrault. Charles Perrault (1628–1703) in his Parallèle des Anciens et des Modernes (1688-96) maintained the superiority of the modern writers of France to those of Greece and Rome. He was opposed by most of the great literary men of France, above all by Boileau.

22. A chorus. Rymer's Short View begins: "What reformation may not we expect now that in France they see the necessity of a chorus to their tragedies? . . . The chorus was the root and original, and is certainly always the most necessary part of tragedy."

33. Poetry and good sense. The close coupling of these two expressions is characteristic of Dryden and of his time.

3842, 5. Horace. 1 Satires, x. 1-8. 385, 11. Propriety. v. 1772, 5, n.

19. Mr. Chapman. See his poem To the Reader, prefaced to his Iliad, and his prose Preface. 34. Sandys. v. 881, 4, n; 7402, 40. 385, 5. Turns, etc. Cf. 3192, 41, n; 5131, 7 f; 7441, 25 f.

48. Musas, etc. "To worship severer Muses;" cf. 752, 24, n; 5121, 36, n. 386', 8. Congreve. Congreve really translated two selections, Priam's Lamentation and Petition to Achilles for the Body of his Son Hector, and The Lamentations of Hecuba, Andromache, and Helen, over the Dead Body of Hector.

28. Runs off her bias. "Said of a bowl that does not run true." KER. Cf. 136, 189, n. 3862, 40. Sir Samuel Tuke. Dryden quotes A modest ... own, from the prologue to Tuke's Adventures of Five Hours.

387, 5. And add, etc. "This odd phrase merely means, 'Let them go on unbroken."" SAINTS

BURY.

80. Frozen Wagon. "The constellation of the Great Bear (Charles's Wain)." SAINTSBURY. 390, 227. Louvre. Dryden here translates ad

mirably the conceit of Ovid, whose word is Palatia, the palace of the Cæsars. Had he been well disposed to the English government, he would doubtless have used Whitehall instead of Louvre; cf. 132, 21. 392, 417. The stag, etc. "Dryden, not Ovid, is

answerable for the speed of the stag's exertions in the water." [SCOTT.]

393, 489. Our father. Dryden is somewhat inaccurate: Deucalion was the son of Prometheus, and Pyrrha the daughter of Epimetheus, the brother of Prometheus. Deucalion had addressed Pyrrha as sister only as a mark of tenderness.

395, 680. Follow, not. The comma is not found in the 1693 ed.; Ovid has non insequor hostis. 396, 718. As when, etc. Cf. 38, 521-528. 400, 1031. Cease. The form of the verb is affected

by the plural immediately preceding: cf. 439, 38; 558, 568; 589, 869; 634, 732; 813, 115, n; 858, 339. The construction is probably due rather to carelessness than to any settled principle of grammar. Cf. 344, 688, n. 402, 109. Daughter of the Sun. Pasiphae: cf. 432, 68-86; 594, 33-46; 601, 604; 722, 325369.

403, 208. Rites, etc. The 1693 ed. punctuates as follows: Rites, ... Love: . Marriage,..

aid; 405, 112. Latter. Perhaps this should be emended

410, 1. As. A comma should be inserted after this word.

9. Provided, etc. "This seems to be an allusion to the pretended dukedom of Marine, in Beaumont and Fletcher's Noble Gentleman, which had been revived (in an altered form) in 1688, by Durfey, under the title of A Fool's Preferment; or, The Three Dukes of Dunstable.

Gent. Hark you, sir: the king doth know you are a duke.

Mar. No! does he?

Gent. Yes, and is content you shall be; but with
this caution,

That none know it but yourself; for, if you do,
He'll take it away by act of parliament.

Mar. Here is my hand; and, whilst I live or
breathe,

No living wight shall know I am a duke.

Act v (near close)." [SCOTT.] 47. Shakespeare's critic. Rymer: v. 2872, 30, n. Rymer's own tragedy, Edgar; or, The English Monarch (published 1678, reprinted in 1691 and 1693) was a complete failure; it was never acted.

411', 2. The poet's dead. Cf. Prologue, 1. 34. 7. Dalinda. The hoodwinking of the foolish Sancho by the crafty Dalinda (who of course speaks this epilogue) forms the underplot of the play.

4112, 25. The fire, etc. There is a possible reminiscence of Milton's:

- yet from those flames No light; but rather darkness visible.

Paradise Lost, i. 62, 63. 4121, 7 (CONGREVE). Janus. The god Janus was fabled to have reigned as king in Italy, having his city near the hill Janiculum. Here he hospitably received Saturn, who was fleeing from his son Jupiter, and from whom he learned husbandry and other arts. Cf. 630, 425-432; 631, 467-470. Dryden here assigns to him a part that belongs rather to Saturn himself. 4122, 14. Second temple. Referring to the rebuilding of the Jewish temple on the return from exile: v. Ezra v, vi. It was inferior to the temple of Solomon: v. Haggai ii. 1-3. 15. Vitruvius. The most famous Roman writer on architecture.

30. Wycherley. Called Manly in allusion to the name of the hero of his comedy, The Plain Dealer.

32. Nor. The 1694 ed., by an evident misprint, reads Now; Nor is found in the collected edition of Congreve's works, 1710.

35. Fabius. Scipio, on his return to Rome after successes in Spain, against the Carthaginians, was elected consul, though below the legal age. His policy of carrying the war into Africa was opposed by the old Fabius, who was in part moved by jealousy of the youthful conqueror. Dryden has either made a blunder in his allusion, or he wishes to imply that, had Scipio been as charming as Congreve, Fabius might have rejoiced in his success, instead of envying it.

39. Romano. Dryden has made a serious mis

take: Giulio Romano (1492-1546) was younger than Raphael (1483-1520), and was his pupil, not his master.

48. Tom, etc. "Thomas Shadwell [v. 134, 15, n], who at the Revolution was promoted to Dryden's posts of Poet Laureate and Historiographer Royal, was succeeded in his office of Laureate by Nahum Tate, and in that of Historiographer by Thomas Rymer. Our author was at present on bad terms with Rymer; to whom, not to Tate, he applies the sarcastic title of Tom the Second. [Cf. 3832, 21, n; 410, 47, n.] The Earl of Dorset, although as Lord Chamberlain he was obliged to dispose of Dryden's offices to persons less politically obnoxious, bestowed at the same time such marks of generosity on the abdicated Laureate that Dryden here honors him with the title of his patron." [SCOTT.] Cf. 282, n; 2912, 22-44.

413, 69. His providence.

Christie notes that Dryden (Defense of the Epilogue of The Conquest of Granada, SS. iv. 233) condemns Jonson for his ill syntax in writing, "Tho' Heaven should speak with all his wrath at once; " and that he himself, in 1. 63 of this poem, uses she referring to Heav'n. TO SIR GODfrey KnellER. The title of this epistle in Poems and Translations, 1701, is, To Sir Godfrey Kneller, Principal Painter to his Majesty. That text furnishes the following variants, in addition to those mentioned in the headnote: (73, sidenote) presented to; (95) But oh; (114) Yet not; (145) If yet; (146) 'T is only.

Kneller (1646–1723), born at Lübeck, settled in England in 1675, where he remained until his death. 414, 22. Prometheus. Prometheus stole fire from

heaven and gave it to mortals: according to another legend, he created men out of earth and water: cf. 1742, 74, n; 388, 97-112. Dryden here mingles classical mythology and Scripture in an almost medieval fashion. 54. Bantam's embassy. "Eight ambassadors from the King of Bantam were in England in 1682, and were treated with distinction by Charles II. Their faces were well known by portraits and engravings." [CHRISTIE.] 73. Shakespeare. "This portrait was copied from one in the possession of Mr. Betterton, and afterwards in that of the Chandos family. The copy presented by Kneller to Dryden is in the collection of Earl Fitzwilliam, at Wentworth House." [SCOTT.]

78. Teucer. Teucer, the best archer of the Greeks, sheltered himself behind the shield of Ajax; v. Iliad, viii. 266–272.

96. Jacob's race. v. Genesis xxvii.

100, 101. Thou, etc. This couplet is unpleasing, in view of Dryden's earlier adulation of Charles II.

415, 145. That yet, etc. "Mr. Walpole says that where Sir Godfrey 'offered one picture to fame, he sacrificed twenty to lucre; and he met with customers of so little judgment that they were fond of being painted by a man

who would gladly have disowned his works the moment they were paid for.' The same author gives us Sir Godfrey's apology for preferring the lucrative, though less honorable line, of portrait painting. 'Painters of history (said he) make the dead live, and do not begin to live themselves till they are dead. I paint the living, and they make me live.' Anecdotes of Painting (Works, 1798, vol iii, p. 359). Dryden seems to allude to this expression in l. 150-154." [SCOTT.]

Walpole quotes Kneller's apology from "the author of the Abregé."

4161. ODE ON PURCELL. Perhaps the last three words of 1. 12 should be made into a separate line, to point the rhyme of admir'd and retir'd. Know (1. 20) is printed knew in the separate text of 1696 and in Orpheus Britannicus, but appears as know in the text with music of 1696: cf. rhyme with below. The text with music of 1696 furnishes the following further variants: (6) Heav'nly Lays; (12) the matchless man; (21) turn'd the jarring Spheres; (24) Musick from on high. PREFACE AND EPILOGUE TO THE HUSBAND HIS OWN CUCKOLD. According to Malone, John Dryden the younger was born in 1667 or 1668 and "probably went to Rome with his elder brother [Charles] about the end of the year 1692." He became an officer of the Pope's household, and seems never to have returned to England. He is said to have died in 1701. Cf. headnote, pp. 281, 282. 4162, 26 (prose). Two authors. "Probably Southerne and Congreve." SCOTT. 417, 13 (Epil.). Third day, etc. Cf. 108, 15, n. 418, 36. For tho', etc. Cf. 480, 303.

TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL. In the following notes, the first and second editions are called F1 and F2. When they agree, they are cited as FF. Dryden writes in a letter to Tonson: You cannot take too great care of the printing this [second] edition exactly after my amendments; for a fault of that nature will disoblige me eternally (Malone, I, 2, 63). From another letter we know that he "bestow'd nine entire days" on his work of revision (Ibid. 61). Accordingly F2 is made the basis of the present text: its readings are rejected only (a) when they seem evidently due to the printer's carelessness rather than to Dryden's correcting hand; or (b) in a few cases where the change, though probably due to Dryden himself, is obviously a perversion of the text rather than an improvement. Cf. notes on 481, 354; 5051, 4; 601, 614. Dryden was of course as capable of error in correcting his own work as in other things.

In the errata of F1 occurs the statement: "There are other errata, both in false pointing and omissions of words, both in the preface and the poem, which the reader will correct without my trouble. I omit them, because they only lame my English, not destroy my meaning."

The motto on the title-page is Æneid, ii. 724: "He follows his father with unequal steps."