they shall be assembled, in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as possible into three classes. The seats of senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year; and of the. third at the end of the sixth year, so that one third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any state, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legis lature, which shall then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and when elected, an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen. The vice-president of the United States shall be president of the senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The senate shall choose their other offices, and a president pro tempore, in absence of the vice-president.-They shall have the sole power to try all impeachments; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the members present.

"The times, places, and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the legislature thereof; but congress may alter such regulations, except as to the places. The congress shall assemble at least once in every year. Each house may punish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concurrence of two thirds, expel a member. Neither house during the session of congress shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more

than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting

"The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance; and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. No senator nor representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office; and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.

"All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives; and every bill which shall have passed both houses, shall, before it be comes a law, be shown to the president of the United States: if he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it originated, who shall enter the objections at large in their journal, and proceed to re-consider it. If after such re-consideration two thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be re-considered, and if approved by twothirds of that house, it shall become a law. The votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered in the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the president within ten days after it has been presented to him, it shall pass into a law, as if he had signed it, unless the congress, by their adjournment, prevent

its return. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the senate and house of representatives, may be necessary, shall be presented to the president of the United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two thirds of the senate and house of representatives,:

"Congress shall have power to levy and collect taxes, to pay the debts, and provide for the defence and welfare of the United States: also to borrow money, to regulate commerce, to establish uniform rules of naturalization and bankruptcies; to coin money, fix the standard of weights and measures, and punish counterfeiters; to establish post offices and post roads; and to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing, for limited times, to authors and inventors, their exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. They shall also have authority to constitute inferior tribunals; to define and punish piracies and offences against the law of nations; to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and establish rules respecting captures on land and water: to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money for that use shall be for a longer term than two years; to provide and maintain a navy; to call forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions; to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by congress; to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases what

ever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of congress, become the seat of government, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards, &c. And to make all laws necessary for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested in the government of the United States.

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"The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight; but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder nor ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation nor other direct tax shall be levied, unless in proportion to the census directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state.-No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue, to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one state, be obliged to pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time

to time.

"No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States; and no person holding any office of

profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of congress, accept ofany present, emolument, office or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. No state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely neces sary for executing its inspection laws; and the produce of such duties shall be for the use of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision of congress. No state shall levy any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.

"II. The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States, who shall hold his office four years, and, with the vice-president chosen for the same term, be elected as follows:→→→→ Each state shall appoint a number of electors, equal to the number of senators and representatives to which the state may be entitled in congress; but no senator, representative, nor person holding any office under the United States shall be appointed an elector. The electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. They shall then make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each: This list shall be signed, sealed, and transmitted to the president of the senate; who shall, in presence of both houses, open all the certificates, and cause the votes to be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the president: if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an