DUPUIS, VIOLINIST (11 S. xi. 340).-The only name I can suggest is Jacques Dupuis (1830-70), who is said to have been an excellent violinist, and the composer of concertos for his instrument. His parents may have been French, but he was born at Lüttich. J. S. S.

ORIGIN OF OMNE BENE' (11 S. xi. 280).If MR. CRANE would give the full text of Omne Bene" as sung at the present day at his school, it would surely be of interest to those who come after. The lovers "mediæ et infimæ Latinitatis" in our modern preparatory schools are probably to-day but few, and will every year become fewer. I must have sung it on at least nine occasions at Temple Grove, East Sheen, when the late Rev. Joseph Haythorne Edgar, M.A., was head master; but I cannot recall clearly more than two stanzas.

To MR. CRANE'S query as to the words I would like to add one of my own as to the tune. Who was the composer ?

JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

I have heard my father repeat these lines many years ago. He was an old Harrovian, having entered Harrow School about 1825. Another verse is :

Quomodo vales
Mi sodalis

Visne edere pomum?
Si non vis
Miserabilis

Nunc redire domum.

I suggest it is a twin song with the 'Dulce Domum' of Winchester and both may be traced back to days when Latin was still treated as a living language. R. M.

CAPT. SIMMONDS (11 S. xi. 299).-Lieut. Richard William Simmonds commanded H.M.S. Manly, ten guns, off the coast of Norway, 2 Sept., 1811, and was forced to surrender to three Danish war vessels of eighteen guns each. At the court martial he was honourably acquitted.

On 4 July, 1812, when in command of H.M.S. Attack, he captured a transport galliot near Calais.

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J. F.

PEVENSEY (11 S. xi. 351).-May I assure your reviewer that the derivation of the Sussex place-name "Pefenes" from a personal possessive can be substantiated? In the late Henry Sweet's The Oldest English Texts,' 1885, the names "Peuf " and "Peufa" are cited (§ 621) from the 'Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis.'"Peuf." presents the Germanic diphthong eu, which yielded place in the eighth century to eo: cp. steupfaedaer, later steopfæder, now stepfather." The tendency to shorten the diphthong o to čo, and then eo to ě, appears in theft and "devil" from peofp and deofol; and in "seven" and eleven,' from seofon and endleofon. Peof-en- (older Peuf-en-) therefore became Pef-en-. The possessive case in -enes can be paralleled in the East Sussex Domesday form "Segnescome" and also in "Aynesworth," for Segena's- and Agena's- respectively. The final syllable a, ea insula.. Pefenes="The insula belonging to some one called Peofena." A local pronunciation is "Pemsey."

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MAN OF SUSSEX.

ENGLISH CONSULS IN ALEPPO (11 S. xi. 182, 254, 327).-I give below an abstract of the will of one Robert Pory, who is styled "Cancellier to the British Nation in Aleppo." He is not included in the list of Consuls at the reference, so was perhaps only "acting." The will is dated 6 March, 1731/2, and proved at the P.C.C. (98 Price), 7 March, 1732/3:

"To my mother, Mrs. Sarah Pory, half my estate. To my sister Mary's dau., one quarter of my estate. Poor of Aleppo, 50 dollars at the Chaplain's disposal. To the Levant Company, 50 dollars for the redemption of English slaves. Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, 100 dollars. To my servant Mary Vincenzo the other quarter of my estate and the little warehouse usually rented by Jackson, merchant in Aleppo, to settle my affairs the captains of English ships, &c. Mr. Philip here. To him my Tapoose and Cudderah, and my riding sword. Mr. Edwin Rawston, merchant in London, executor."

There were no witnesses, and the handwriting was sworn to by John Purnell, of St. Mary's, Whitechapel, and Wm. Kington, of Gray's Inn, merchant. This Robert Pory is probably grandson of the notorious Robert

Pory, Rector of Lambeth, the plural st. Robert, the Rector, died in 1669, leaving two sons: Robert, who died without issue, and Thomas Pory, merchant, living in 1683. who is probably identical with th Thomas Pory of St. George's, Southwark, father of testator, whose property was administered, in January, 1697/8, by Sarah, his widow.

G. S. PARRY, Lieu.-Col.

17, Ashley Mansions, S.W.

JOSEPH HILL, COWPER'S FRIEND AND CORRESPONDENT (11 S. xi. 340).--Joseph Hill must have died between 1812 and 1824, at which lat er date we have a record of the death of his widow. Hayley in his Life and Letters of William Cowper, Esq.,' 1812, says: "Mr. Hill has kindly favoured me with a very copious collection of Cowper's letters to himself." That Hill was at school at Westminster I take to be assured from the fact that he is mentioned as a Westminster boy by Mr. John Sargeant in his 'Annals of Westminster School,' p. 177. Mr. Sargeant is not likely to have accepted the tradition without verification, as he is a fine scholar associated with the historic school upon which he has written so well. The best impression of Hill that we possess is in Henry Crabb Robinson's 'Diary.' Robinson was a clerk in his office in 1797-8.

CLEMENT SHORTER.

SIR JOHN MOORE and the GORDON HIGHLANDERS (11 S. xi. 300). With regard to MR. BULLOCH's remarks on the insertion of the black stripe in the regimental lace of the 92nd Highlanders, I should like to say that the 13th Light Infantry is also one of the corps which have a similar pattern; and having heard various stories to the effect that it was worn in commemoration of the death of Sir Ralph Abercromby, as well as a story connecting it with the Battle of Culloden, I happened to get into correspondence with the late Mr. Mi'ne of Leeds, whose knowledge of such matters was of a far-reaching character. I append herewith two extracts from his letters, which put rather a damper on the idea that the origin of the black stripe had anything to do with mourning :1. "The black in the silver officers' lace, &c., is

:

not mentioned in lacemen's book till about 1807, but it may have been used long before that date, for no particular reason that I know of, except as being ornamental with the silver lace, &c. There was no particular reason for this black stripe; it common for very many regiments having

was

silver lace, both regulars and militia."

2. "You are quite right about the 47th Regiment and the black stripe in their officers' laces; they

have a tradition about General Wolfe and Quebec, but nothing at all authentic. I ought to know this, for some twenty years ago I wrote a history of the costume for the regimental newspaper, and had to go regularly into the matter. Many other regiments had quite as much black mixed up with their lace as you had, but without anybody to mourn for especially, so I am firmly of opinion it was only done to improve the appearance of the coat and jacket." R. S. CLARKE,

(Major) late Som. Lt. Infy.

Bishops Hull, Taunton.

DISRAELI'S LIFE: EMANUEL (11 S. xi. 301).-Probably a partner in the firm of Town & Emanuel, the eminent dealers in articles of vertu, of 103, New Bond Street. According to Henry Ottley, the Town of the firm was a son of Robert Town, portrait painter of Hale Street, Liverpool, and consequently a brother of Charles Town, or Towne (1760-1850), painter of cattle and horses. THOMAS WHITE.

Junior Reform Club, Liverpool.

There used to be, and is now, a firm of E. & E. Emanuel, who were well-known silversmiths and antique dealers, with a shop on "The Hard" (No. 3) at Portsmouth.

6

"STOCKEAGLES

(11 S. xi. 322).-In his Folk-lore and Provincial Names of British Birds,' p. 99 (Folk-lore Society, 1886), the 66 stock eikle Rev. Charles Swainson gives as the Worcestershire name of the green woodpecker (Gecinus viridis). It does not appear under any other county. The Northamptonshire names given as icwell and Jack ickle," Oxfordshire as "eccle," Shropshire yockel" and eaqual or ecall," Wiltshire "yuckel. All these names Mr. Swainson derives from A.-S. hicgan, to try. G. L. APPERSON.

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are

[MR. ARCHIBALD SPARKE-who refers to the 'E.D.D.'-and A. C. C. also thanked for replies.]

Notes on Books.

The English Parish Church: an Account of the Chief Building Types and of their Materials during Nine Centuries. By J. Charles Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. (Batsford, 78. 6d.)

In his minute and exhaustive account of the parish churches, which are the distinctive and essential glory of the English counties, Dr. Cox has produced an authoritative and singularly fascinating delineation. His work is an obvious labour of love, and rests on the exact knowledge that has grown with the familiar intimacy of many years. With one exception, he explains, he has personally examined the buildings he describes, visiting some of them repeatedly in order to secure accuracy and definiteness for his conclusions. "With thousands of them," he observes, "I seem to be on terms of friendship, and in at least ten counties I know them all." Those interested in such investigations know what the author has already done with regard to the churches of special districts, and therefore, while they may wonder at the greatness of the achievement that has now been completed, they will be fully prepared to recognize its clearness of method, the careful precision with which its arguments are presented, and the characteristic thoroughness that distinguishes its entire movement. Because it is the work of a specialist, who knows his subject from its familiar outward aspect down to its foundation, the book has notable and peculiar claims to attention, but it is also calculated to make a popular appeal. Thoughtful observers, even without expert knowledge, cannot fail to notice the fair and arresting beauty of the parish churches they encounter, and these also, as well as the specially trained student, Dr. Cox in his elaborate presentment has kept steadily in view. His consistent aim, he says, has been “ to supply illustrations of the chief types and varieties in a manner not too complex or difficult for nontechnical readers." He has achieved his purpose with eminent success, for both classes of his possible constituents will be able easily to follow him, and will substantially profit under his sure and skilful guidance.

At the outset Dr. Cox makes it clear that he is not concerned with city churches and cathedrals, but that his definite object is to depict the parish church pure and simple, and to show that it is the principal centre of energy in country life. In original importance and influence it must be sharply distinguished from the manor: as the house of the community it had from the first, and it essentially has still, a variety of purposes to serve. Gradually, however, as manners and customs have been modified, the church has become restricted to the main purpose of its existence, and is no longer considered suitable, as it was in early days "for a clubroom or institute, as well as for the Divine Offices for which it was primarily built and hallowed." Dr. Cox dwells pleasantly and suggestively on the skill with which the medieval architects adapted their edifices to the environment with which they were associated. It is extremely interesting to follow him and to learn from his numerous and adequate examples that the height and the decorations of the sacred buildings must have been largely

determined by considerations of landscape. This we realize at once, while also bearing in mind "that the wealth of the wool-growing and woolweaving districts, as contrasted with the comparative poverty of mountainous regions, has also to be taken into account.' The chapter on The Plan of the English Parish Church' is explicit and distinctly useful, the author profusely structure may ultimately be traced back to one illustrating his contention that all varieties of of three fundamental types in use in the twelfth century. He follows this with an exhaustive and illuminating chapter on architectural styles, showing at every turn his intimate familiarity with the steady development of his grand subject.. He deprecates divisional schemes adjusted according to reigns or an arbitrary choice of dates,. and we agree with him in preferring to reach conclusions through a consideration of successive styles. We further think him justified in his proposal to introduce "Geometrical" between Rickman's Early English and " Decorated.' Dr. Cox's description and discussion are throughout adequate, animated, and dexterous, and constitute perhaps the most striking feature of his book.

to Materials' and What to Note in the Parish The remaining chapters, devoted respectively Church,' show the research, the skilful apprecia tion of values, and the definite presentment that are abundantly illustrated everywhere in the certain modern renovations, and he does good volume. Incidentally Dr. Cox justly condemns. service in handling various delusions which it seems hard to dispel. "I cannot but hope," he observes in his preface, "that I have done some-thing towards the suppression of foolish fables which are still current about our old churches, such as 'leper windows or sanctuary rings,' and also towards a right understanding of such a subject as consecration crosses.' of these matters in the text amply justifies him in this hope. It is a pleasure to add that the numerous and skilfully diversified illustrations are well qualified to serve their purpose.

His treatment

Elizabeth Hooton, First Quaker Woman Preacher (1600-72). By Emily Manners. With Notes, &c., by Norman Penney. (Headley Bros.) THIS collection of heads of data, with selections from different documents, forms Supplement 12 of the Journal of the Friends' Historical Society. Its subject is described by George Fox in his. 'Journal' as a very tender woman whose name was Elizabeth Hooton," but would hardly be considered to deserve that particular epithet, in our modern way of using it. She was a woman of heroic stuff, who, somewhat late in life, became possessed by the convictions which animated the early Quakers, and braved persecutions and hardships of all kinds, both in England and in America, in her zealous preaching of their doctrine. This brochure, which has been very carefully drawn up, may claim the attention of students of the seventeenth century on three or four good counts. It may be consulted for details of the progress of the Quakers in the New World and the proceedings against them; it furnishes a number of instructive examples of the written English of the period, as found among the uneducated (Elizabeth Hooton, amid praise of her friends and denunciation of her enemies, sometimes inserts bits of viv

awkward narrative); it affords quaint glimpses of the social life of the day in England. The best of these last are the accounts of Elizabeth Hooton's pestering Charles II. in the endeavour to get justice upon the authorities in Leicestershire for their imprisoning of her son Samuel, and their taking from him three mares with geares.' "J waited vpon the king which way soeuer he went,' writes Elizabeth; and goes on to tell how it came vpon " her to "gett a Coat of sackecloath "and it was plaine to me how J should haue it, soe we made that Coat, and the next morning J were moued to goe amongst them againe at Whitehall in sackecloath and ashes.' It is not to be wondered at that "the people was much strucken." "A fine time J had amongst them,' she boasts, till a souldier pulled me away, and said J should not preach there."

On

The rest of Elizabeth Hooton's career matches this incident in dauntlessness. Her early life was spent in Nottinghamshire. She is thought to be the Elizabeth Carrier who in 1628 married an Oliver Hooton, then living at Ollerton. Later, and for a longer period, she lived at Skegby. She went twice to New England-her interviews with the king falling between these two journeys. a third voyage she visited Barbados and Jamaica with George Fox, and died at Port Royal in Jamaica at the age of 72. The story of her death is touchingly told by a fellow-traveller who witnessed it. She left a small number of letters still in manuscript, with several addresses to different persons of importance, and three works which were printed: False Prophets and False Teachers Described ; To the King and Both Houses of Parliament'; A Short Relation concerning William Simpson.'

'L'INTERMÉDIAIRE.'

THE following are taken from the issue of our contemporary for 10 April:

QUESTIONS: Claymore.-Qui, de nos jours, en Grande-Bretagne, porte ou a le droit de porter T'épée écossaise appelée claymore"?

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D.

RÉPONSES: Ce qu'on a dit des Allemands.-Il existe, à la bibliothèque municipale de Dijon, un manuscrit du XVII. siècle où sont recueillies des pièces intéressantes en prose et en vers sur les sujets les plus divers. L'une d'elles a pour titre La différence des humeurs, façons de faire et complections de cinq nations; françoise, italienne, espagnole, angloise et allemande.' Elle comprend une quinzaine d'articles dont je citerai quelquesuns seulement pour ne pas abuser de l'hospitalité de notre Intermédiaire.

Il est d'autant plus piquant d'y retrouver ce qu'on pensait des Allemands au XVII. siècle, qu'on peut faire la comparaison avec les sentiments inspirés alors par les nations voisines.

MARY MATILDA POLLARD.

WE regret to learn of the death of our old contributor Mrs. Pollard of Bengeo, Herts, which took place on Saturday last from heart-seizure. Mrs. Pollard was deeply interested in all branches of archæology from Egyptian to English domestic architecture, and took as active a part as her health allowed in the work of the two Hertfordshire archæological societies. A descendant of a ward of the last Earl of Derwentwater, the occurrence of questions relating to this family in our columns always gave her pleasure. In her own circle Mrs. Pollard was known for her vivacity in conversation, and her delightful qualities as a hostess.

Notices to Correspondents.

ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub. lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

MR. M. L. R. BRESLAR (Percy House, South Hackney) would be greatly obliged to any correspondent who would be so good as to lend him a copy of 'Pottery Poems' by William Cyples. The writer was born at Longton, Staffordshire, lived for some years at Nottingham, and died in Hammersmith. MR. BRESLAR has made inquiries for his work without success.