including the large work published under the superintendence of Dr. Griffiths. The necessity of a new version is therefore obvious. The work will be completed in 36 monthly numbers, and will be illustrated by 500 steel engravings. On the 1st of July a new work will be commenced, called "The Encyclopædia of Romance;" consisting of Original Novels, Romances, and Tales, conducted by the Rev. Henry Martineau. drover's dog. It quickens the sluggish, collects the stragglers, and barks even more naturally than the animal itself. ADVANTAGES OF CARD-PLAYING.-What so truly tells the real disposition and temper of a person as this amusement? Are they inclined to dishonesty, they will cheat; if of a hasty uncontrollable temper, it is almost sure to be shewn; if not very scrupulous respecting falsehood or ill language, here they present themselves The Cambrian Quarterly Magazine will, in future, be published unmasked; whilst, in almost all other transactions of life, those under the title of the "Cambrian and Caledonian Quarterly Maga-passions are carefully concealed from public view, or glossed over zine." The sphere of inquiry will thus be considerably extended, and it will probably interest a much larger circle of readers. VARIETIES, Wood's Hotel, which has recently been destroyed by fire, was a house probably well known to many readers of our "National Standard," for it was a favourite resort of literary men. We regret to hear that the calamity has reduced Mr. Wood to perfect ruin. We know him for a most respectable and kind-hearted man; and these qualities, combined with his great age, give him an irresistible claim upon the benevolent. A subscription has been commenced on his behalf, which is advertized in our journal of this day, and we beg respectfully to call public attention to it. MARCH OF SCIENCE." I say, Jack," said a Smithfield drover to his companion, "these here sheep von't move in this hot weather at all; lend us a bark of a dog, vill you?" We are happy to learn that Mr. Stephenson has invented a small locomotive steam-engine, which performs with admirable precision all the duties of the so as to make them palatable to the world. SEASONABLE RECREATIONS.-The ride, the drive, the promenade, and the aquatic excursion, are now by rank and fashion in full enjoyment-all are on the wing, and all wear the cheering aspect of happiness. We have seldom at any former period seen our places of public resort so thronged as they now daily are, by genteel company, of which the ladies form certainly the grand maguet of attraction. Female beauty, indeed, superlatively predominates, promoted and sustained by its long approved supporters, now in universal requiThe one sition, ROWLAND'S KALYDOR, and MACASSAR OIL. protects the skin and complexion from the baneful effects of solar heat, and the other sustains the flowing tresses in pristine radiance. NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. J. S. B. is under consideration. Other Correspondents must excuse us till next week. ADVERTISEMENTS. PERRING'S BEAVER HATS AT 21s. THE best in London, from 3 to 5 ounces weight, 21s.; second qualities ditto, 16s.; the best Just published, 12mo., price 5s. 6d. IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY. PRODIGIOUS! ANOTHER NEW KING. From the German of I. F. C. Hecker, M.D., Pro-At WARREN'S fam'd Warehouse I came to a stand, Ir happen'd one day, as I stroll'd thro' the Strand, fessor at Frederick William's University at Berlin, Where batteries of Blacking were piled on Silk Hats in London, 12s.; newly invented light and Member of various Learned Societies in Berlin, tions. Just published, 18mo. 3s. 6d. bound in embossed cloth, THE LIFE OF THE SAVIOUR. BY HENRY WARE, Jun., Professor of Pulpit Eloquence, &c., Harvard University, Cambridge, America; being Vol. I. of the "Sunday Library for Young Persons," now publishing in America, under his editorial superintendence. thanks are due for having naturalised so interesting There are Also, 12mo. price 4s. 6d. în embossed cloth, THE MORAL CLASS BOOK; or, the Lawmeral, and we are sure that it ought to be an of Morals derived from the created universe and from revealed religion. By WILLIAM SULLIVAN, Counsellor-at-law, Boston, America. John Mardon, 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand. appendage to every well-appointed library."-Me- Just received, A great variety of FOREIGN BOOKS, and new This day is published, in 8vo., elegantly got up, some beautiful SPECIMENS OF GERMAN LIwith gilt edges, price only 1s. 6d., THE ORIGINAL LEGEND OF DER THOGRAPHY, well worthy the attention of the A. Schloss, Foreign and English Book and Print- A List of Works recently published by, and to be In a neat pocket volume, price 58. To Booksellers, Printers, and Publishers. "It will be seen, by an advertisement in another. Historical, Topographical, and Emblematical column, that a useful and clever little work has just THE ARCHER'S GUIDE; containing full little manual may be looked upon as a book of refer- U. SEARS'S NEW SPECIMEN OF ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD. "To all authors and publishers, and especially to those residing in the country, Mr. Sears's publication will be of great use."-Literary Gazette. London: 44, Paternoster Row. BILIOUS AND LIVER AFFECTIONS. would do well to place it in the hands of their As-THE astonishing efficacy of DR. SCOTT'S ment of amusement. Illustrated with numerous sistants."-Kent Herald. "The best rules for acquiring a healthy and fashionable amusement are laid down in this little treatise, which the author has also interspersed, most agreeably, with historical notices and anecdotes of the science he professes. We give it our most cordial and unqualified recommendation."-United Kingdom. "The historical matter with which this excellent little work commences will, therefore, be read with infinite delight, &c."-From a long and favorable Critique in Monthly Review, for June. II. In a neat 12mo. volume, price 3s. in cloth, OR THE SPIRIT OF THE JURY LAWS, Pointing out the Qualifications, Duties, Powers, and Liabilities, of Jurors in general, whether on Grand Juries, Special Juries, Petty Juries, or particular Inquests. By a BARRISTER. VI. Price One Shilling, A MONODY ON THE DEATH OF With Lithographic Cenotaph and Head. LO STUDIO. Price 6d. FREDERIC LAWRANCE, Publisher. MAJOR'S CABINET GALLERY With Descriptions, Dissertations, &c. &c. - THE 11th and 12th Numbers, completing "It is incumbent on every gentleman in the kingdom to have a competent knowledge of the laws which regulate Juries, and of the duties of Jurors; as well because he may frequently be called upon to determine, in such a capacity, the rights of others, Volume I., will appear on the 1st of July and his fellow-subjects, as because his own property, the 1st of August. Each Volume, of Thirty-six large liberty, and life, depend upon maintaining in its and splendid Line Engravings, is complete in itself, legal force the constitutional Trial by Jury."-if so desired, and will be found of unexampled atBlackstone's Commentaries, vol. iii. p. 349. "An extremely useful little treatise on a subject in which every man in the country is interested. It appears to be compiled with care, and to contain, in a small compass, all requisite information."-Atlas. III. Price 2s, cloth, or 3s. roan gilt edges. THE CHRISTIAN'S MANUAL OF PRAYERS, For every Morning and Evening in the Year; to which are added, Family and other Prayers. By THOMAS CARPENTER. Second edition. IV. MEMOIRS and SELECT REMAINS of the Jate Rev. JONATHAN COOKE, V. In 18mo., price 2s. 6d. A TREATISE ON HABERDASHERY AND Including the Manchester, Scotch, Silk, Linen, and as an Expeditious and Practical Introduction for BILIOUS AND LIVER PILLS, in affections of the Stomach and Head, have gained them the highest recommendation of Dr. Holland, Dr. Davis, and many other eminent physicians; one or two Pills, a short time after taking them, exert a peculiarly specific action on the Liver, remove Bile, Indigestion, Wind, Costiveness, Loss of Appetite, Head-ach, Heartburn, Flatulencies, Spasms, Giddiness, Languor, and Depression of Spirits. They were constantly administered with unfailing success by Dr. Scott, both in India and England; and are prepared, without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of that well known eminent physician. *. In cases of Cholera Morbus and Influenza, the proprietor has the satisfaction to announce that in every case these Pills have proved completely successful, affording almost instant relief, and finally restoring the sufferer to perfect health and spirits. As a proof of their efficacy, the following case is submitted to the public. "Sir-For the last two months I have had a violent Bilious attack, attended with Sickness, Languor, Giddiness, weight and uneasiness after meals, with sallowness of complexion. I consulted Dr. Davis, who advised me to take Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills," and with much pleasure I inform you, that after taking them three weeks they restored me to perfect health, and my skin became as clear as at any period of my life. I am, sir, yours, E. JAMES. much obliged, Vere street, Oxford street." Prepared only by W. Lambert, Chemist, No. 1, Rupert street, Coventry street, near the Haymartraction for Presents, &c. in all Families where ket, London; in boxes, 1s. 1d. or three small ones Literature and the Arts are cultivated. Two more in one, 2s. 9d. Sold by J. Sanger, 150, Oxford Volumes will complete the undertaking, it being as-street; Butler, Cheapside; R. Johnston, Cornhill; certained that such moderate extent will form a and by most venders of patent medicines. really comprehensive School of Art, comprising, in One Hundred and Eight Engravings, from one to four Specimens of each of the old Masters of foremost rank, and a still greater proportion in favour of the classes most generally admired. This important object can alone be effected by the plan (peculiar to this work) of selecting from a variety of sources, public and private. The best Works of the best Masters lie scattered Names will exceed Sixty. IMPORTANT CAUTION.-To obtain these Pills in a genuine state, it is absolutely requisite to ask for "Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills," and to observe they are in a round turned box, covered with green paper, with the name and address, "W. Lambert, No. 1, Rupert street, Coventry street, London," on the outside wrapper, there being spurious prepared imitations. tional, with its one hundred and seven subjects, tion on the property of the proprietor, Mr. Wood, of each Volume, and for Two Months after, when it Upwards of sixty of his neighbours having placed their names upon the subscription-list, will best best known. They are thereby relieved from a part testify the respect entertained for him where he is rous and benevolent public. Donations will be thankfully received by Messrs. Faulding, Stratton, and Wilson, 13, Coventry-street; and Messrs. Lambert and Rawlings, 12, Coventrystreet, (his immediate neighbours.) Remarks on the general Retail Trade. Arranged 1st of September, Super Royal 8vo. 2s. 6d., or India No. I. of the Second Volume will appear on the the Apprentice, a Guide to the Assistant, and Re-Proofs, Large Paper, 58. each. This very inade-of the pain, in asking the co-operations of a geneferee for the Country Draper. By E. E. PERKINS. quate price will be adhered to during the publication "This is a work of utility. We have often felt surprised that every department of trade was not furnished with a little manual like this, to put into the hands of apprentices and other beginners. We are informed that the principal houses in the trade to which this work is devoted are among its encouragers and supporters, and we regard this as an evidence of their good sense. It is precisely what The Work may be had (regularly with the Magazines) such a book should be; and a master would consult will be advanced 6d. per Number, and 2s. 6d. the JOHN MAJOR, 50, Fleet street. of all Booksellers. Published by T. HURST, 65, St. Paul's Church- [J. and C. ADLARD, Printers, Bartholomew-close. NATIONAL No. 26. Of Literature, Science, Music, Theatricals, and the Fine Arts. SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1833. PRICE 2d. This Journal is now published by THOMAS HURST, 65, St. Paul's Church-yard; to whom Advertisements, Communications, and Books for Review, are requested to be forwarded. J. and C. Adlard, Printers,] REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS. [Bartholomew-Close. more and more probable; and it would be hard to calculate on the effect which the result either way of such a contest may have upon Turkey. "The views of Austria, though hitherto very equivocal as regards the welfare of Turkey, have been opposed throughout to Russia; her minister, by not the most honourable means, (a forged correspondence between the Hetarists and the Carbonari,) succeeded in obtaining from Alexander an anathema against the revolution of Greece, which she volunteered her services to suppress, from the double dread of free institutions and Russian influence; but this offer the Turks with hitherto unappreciated dignity rejected. She sees with the greatest alarm an independent state under the sove Turkey and its Resources, its Municipal Organization, and Free Trade; the State and Prosperity of English Commerce in the East; the New Administration of Greece, its Revenue and National Possessions. 8vo. pp. 328. London: 1833. Saunders and Otley. A DEDICATION, by permission, to his Majesty, informs us that the author of this interesting work is Mr. David Urquhart, who is completely master of his subject. He maintains that Turkey is not by any means in so desperate a situation as people would be inclined to think who look only at her present state, without considering her re-reignty of Turkey on her Illyrian frontier; she has incessantly sources. Mr. Urquhart is decidedly of opinion, that all the Sultan and his new ministers require is time, to render his empire more solid and powerful than it was since the days of its early conquests. As it is, however, he says, "For the restoration of its authority the Porte has not yet been allowed one moment's time. The peace of Adrianople was almost immediately followed by the formidable league of the Albanian beys. The right arm of the empire was raised against it. The sultan called on his Greek subjects; the struggle was severe, but the triumph was complete: and when Europe thought Turkey trampled in the dust, her power from the Adriatic to the Euxine, among the Albanians, the Bosniacs, and the independent Servians, was for a moment thoroughly established as it never had been established in the days of Murad II. or Suleyman. In Anatoly all power was in abeyance; the authority of the Porte was only nominal; it was ready to submit to the first rebel who could establish a police, but that required a disciplined army. The grand vizir, even during his fearful struggle with the Albanians, was hastening the organization of troops for the conquest of Anatoly, as it might be called, and for the reduction of Mehemet Ali. The old fox,' he observed, has seized the moment well; had he given me another year, I would have made Egypt like a shaved chin.'" The Grand Vizier himself appears to have occasioned, by his rashness, the fatal termination of the campaign in Anatolia. urged the Porte to measures, the result of which would have been, to have left it without any hold on the affections of its Christian subjects. Her object has been to preserve the Porte as a condescending and powerless neighbour, and as an oppressed people, affording an example of misrule and submission to her own subjects, strong enough to resist Russia, but weak enough to be dependent on Austria. This struggle pervades their general policy: it is maintained in their diplomacy at Constantinople; it is extended to the disputed soil of Wallachia. But Russia has various means of Gallicia is reminded that her orders are delivered in German; weakening the hands and distracting the councils of Austria. Servia is flattered by emissaries of a higher order; there Russia speaks of civil liberty, as well as of national independence; and, as lately in Greece, patriots and men of letters do not consider themselves disgraced by her service. As an indication of her policy in in Servian, the language of the military colonists of Hungary, who that quarter, she sends a press to Belgrade, to publish newspapers are not left in ignorance of the Russian creed being the same as that for which they have been so long persecuted by Austria. Thus, while these two governments, with the exception of Turkish policy, appear generally to agree, uone ever maintained so obstinate a struggle, and on so many points, the inveteracy of which is only equalled by its secrecy; but they fight on very different grounds. Russia is an unwieldy, but a solid mass of nationality; Austria is a theory and a system-a government without a nation. If the energies required to maintain internal tranquillity were set free, Austrian influence would, at the very least, counterbalance that of Russia in Turkey. Russia, therefore, gives her occupation at home; and were she to direct her shafts blindfolded, Austria would present a vulnerable part; for, though the people under the sway of Austria are generally in easy and comfortable circumstances, and in a state of gradual but steady progression, and though they might cheerfully submit to her general supremacy, which secures internal and external tranquillity; yet her sectarian zeal-whilst a considerable portion of her subjects, and indeed all her eastern subjects, profess a different creed, her police and custom-house severity, and the hostile position which, in consequence of these, the government habitually assumes, create a general discontent and irritation, the Austria is one of continual alarms; her sensibilities are put to more dangerous from being smothered. Thus the existence of torture at the sight of a newspaper, at the sound of a national air, at the odour of contraband tobacco; and, while in the western "The troops, half disciplined, of the grand vizir, did not exceed twenty thousand; the Bosniacs, the disaffected Albanians, were to be restrained; the passes of the mountains, the fortresses, had to be garrisoned; the governors had to be supplied with troops; so that his disposable force never exceeded six thousand men: with these his victories were obtained. The recruits he made during the contest supplied the losses, and no more; and the same numbers only accompanied him into Asia, and these alone supported him in his lamentably rash attack on the retreating Ibrahim, in which most of them sealed their devotion with their blood. On such slender chances do the destinies of Turkey now hang." We confess that we think the chances for Turkey slender enough. We agree with Mr. Urquhart that a collision between Austria and Russia is becoming daily provinces she is startled at a tri-color cockade, in the eastern she shudders at the sight of a Muscovite button. The only interests that brought these governments into apparent concord, save the mutual wish to conceal and disguise from foreign powers their secret animosities, were common antipathy to the principles of France, and the common necessity of keeping down their Polish provinces. Both these motives have now lost their force: the cock of France has become domesticated, and Austria, an empire of equilibrium, would be startled from her propriety, no less by the preponderance of Russian legitimacy, than by that of French republicanism. The other object, the keeping in subjection the provinces of Poland, has vanished with the nationality of Poland; that event has severed the bond of positive political necessity which united Russia to Prussia and to Austria, so that this latter government may be considered disposed, with the self-denial both as to favourite principles and envied possessions which the earnestness of the crisis demands, to support Turkey to the very utmost of her power. "The monarch's character is as yet beyond the reach of accurate scrutiny; but he has shown himself as opposite to himself as the most dissimilar individuals. In his first measures he appeared cunning and artful, then relentlessly cruel: he was politic with the Albanians, and benevolent to the Greeks. His actions individually appear the results of passion; and, taken as a whole, they seem to indicate a mind to which the means are nothing, and the end all: determined, to stubbornness, but capricious through ignorance; not insensible to generous impulses and views; entirely free from prejudicies, as to government and etiquette; and whether he perceives or not that the tendency of his policy is to deprive himself and his successors of even the shadow of arbitrary power; whether he views such a consummation with fear or hope; his efforts have been unceasingly directed to destroying the dangerous and precarious props of Turkish despotism. "The Russian scheme is to satisfy Austria with the provinces to the south of the Save, as far as the Egean Sea, if she pleases; but Austria may have little taste for such subjects; and Wallachia, now increasing in importance more than ever to Austria, by the ap-to irredeemable anarchy. This opinion was founded on the fact, proaching opening of the navigation of the Danube, becomes for the same reason no less necessary now to the maintenance of the actual commercial prosperity of Russia, than it has always been to the furtherance of her political objects." It is clear, at all events, that unless the other nations of Europe interfere, nothing can be more probable than that the celebrated scheme so lately hazarded in the St. Petersburg Gazette, which indicated Mount Taurus as the future and visionary limits between Russia and Egypt, will be, in fact, to the letter realized. The sketch of Mahmoud's career is cleverly executed. "When Mahmoud assumed the reins of government, the political horizon of Turkey was completely darkened and confused; but unexpectedly, cloud after cloud was dispelled, the Mamelukes were destroyed, the Afghans chastised, Viddin, Bagdad, submitted to his authority, the Wahabs were punished, the pilgrimages were resumed, and the keys of the holy city laid at his feet. The opinion gradually established itself— Mahmoud is fortunate,' the first of qualities in an eastern hero. In pursuance of his policy of extirpating the dere beys, he had recourse to various arts to circumvent them, which were sigually successful. The mass of the nation, which generally rejoiced in the punishment of its oppressors, saw the destruction of the dere beys with no less gratification than amazement, and universally exclaimed, 'The sultan has a head. But the most tragic scene of a reign spent in ceaseless executions-the extirpation of the Janissaries, fell like a thunderbolt on the nation. Their sultan appeared in the character of an avenging angel: with the most extraordinary good fortune seemed combined in him the utmost fertility of resources, sternness of purpose, and sanguinariness of disposition so far his character was only calculated to strike terror; but, when the ruthless executioner was seen entering the cot of the peasant, inquiring into his condition, asking for plans for its amelioration, subscribing for the erection of schools and churches, (or at least, reported to have done so,) is it to be wondered at that he became the object of the idolatry of the Greek and Christian population, or that the measures which he adopted for thoroughly breaking the pride of the Turks, gained him the confidence and attachment of the rayas; much more important than the applause either of the stubborn Turk or of his European judges. "He has effected three things, which have each been the principal objects of every sultan since Mahomet the Fourth; the destruction of the Janissaries, the extirpation of the dere beys, and the subjugation of Albania, which had not admitted the supremacy of the Porte even in its days of conquest. The man under whose auspices such events have taken place is no ordinary character, even though they have been brought about by the change of circumstances, rather than by his combinations; it is no small praise, considering his bringing up, that he has changed with circumstances, and profited by their change. "In common with most Europeans, I at one time believed that the sultan had entirely mistaken his way, if his object was the regeneration of his country. I thought that the destruction of the powerful chiefs, who individually could protect their dependants from lawless and promiscuous oppression, was exposing the people that the peasants abandoned their free lands to become labourers on the chiflicks of powerful Turks; but, on better acquaintance with the country, and with the opinions of the people themselves, I perceived that this preference was of very recent date; that it had been occasioned by the anarchy of the last twelve years; which anarchy was created by the power and insubordination of chiefs and tribes, who set the authority of the government at defiance: these being reduced, the influence of the municipal organization would be again restored. “If, indeed, the re-organization of Turkey depended on the skill, the intelligence, and the honesty of any central administration, the case would be hopeless. Shameless venality, unblushing ignorance, inveterate corruption and favouritism, are its characteristics, without a shadow of patriotism or a spark of honour. What power could be safely intrusted, what reforming measures be confided to the puppets of Armenian sarafs, to the tools of seraglio favourites? Public opinion too most thoroughly rejects them, will no longer be ruled by them. There is not a man of ordinary sense, who, being asked where the cause of the misgovernment of Turkey is to be found, will not instantly answer, In the power of the pashas and the military chiefs.'” With this extract we conclude. Those who are desirous of copious and minute accounts of the municipal regulations, the commerce, and the diplomacy of Turkey and the adjacent countries, ought to study the work of Mr. Urquhart. Treatise on the Construction, Preservation, Repair, and Improvement of the Violin, and all Bow Instruments; together with a Dissertation on the most eminent Makers, pointing out the surest Marks by which a genuine Instrument may be distinguished. By Jacob Augustus Otto, Instrument-maker to the Court of the Archduke of Weimar. Translated from the German, with Notes and Additions, by Thomas Fardely, Professor of Languages and Music, Leeds. 8vo. pp. 66. London 1833. Longman and Co. THE attention which is now paid to music ought to ensure this treatise a favourable reception. It relates to the most perfect of all instruments, the violin; and is the production of a manufacturer of thirty years' practical experience, and of great continental celebrity. To the makers or repairers of violins, to the dealers in those instruments, and to performers, whether professional or amateur, it is alike interesting; and we cordially recommend it to their attention. Few persons are aware of the number of pieces of carefully wiped off the rosin with a linen rag. The insides should which a violin is composed. "When complete, the violin consists of fifty-eight different parts, which may be enumerated as follows: 2 pieces for the back; 2, belly or sound-board; 4, corner blocks; 2, end blocks; 6, ribs or sides; 12, linings; 1, sound or bass bar; 12, purfling; 1, ebony rest for the tail-piece; 1, ebony or sometimes ivory nut; 1, ebony tail-piece; 1, ebony finger-board; 4, screws or pegs; 1, the neck; 1, button for the tail-piece; 4, strings; 1, wire or catgut connecting the tail-piece with the button; 1, sound post; 1, bridge: 58. "It may however be observed, that all these fifty-eight parts are not indispensably necessary, for, in many instruments of a cheap or inferior construction, the lining of the sides and even the blocks are omitted, and indeed, even in some good instruments, the back and the belly are formed of one single piece each, instead of two glued together. The precise standard number of pieces in an instrument, constructed upon the most perfect system, is, nevertheless, fiftyeight. This may be taken as a general rule." To ensure a good tone the wood should be selected and prepared with great care. “The wood used in the manufacture of this instrument is generally of three sorts. The back, the neck, the sides, and the circles are made of sycamore; the belly, the bass bar, the sound post, and the six blocks, of Tyrolese deal; the finger-board and tail-piece of ebony. "The greatest care and judgment is necessary in selecting the wood for the belly. On this the tone of the instrument entirely depends; therefore, it is hoped that the following remarks, however fastidious they may at first sight appear, will, on reflection, not be considered superfluous. The wood should be cut, only, in the month of December or January, and only that part of the tree which has been exposed to the sun should be used. It should be split so as to have a full inch thickness towards the bark or outer side, and a quarter of an inch towards the heart of the tree. Sycamore, for the back, must be cut in the same manner, with this exception, that the same care in selecting wood only from the sunny side of the tree is not necessary, as any part may be safely employed. It should however be split in pieces not less than six inches wide and two inches in thickness at the back edge. It ought to be fully seasoned by exposure to the air for four or five years, after which it will be fit for use, taking care to exclude it from either the sun or rain." The second and third chapters are peculiarly interesting to those who are curious in fine old instruments. These chapters contain an enumeration of all the celebrated makers, with criticisms on their respective peculiarities. By the study of these, a man may become qualified to talk with Mr. Betts himself. But this part of the book is not very favourable for an extract; we shall therefore conclude with some valuable advice on the management of the instrument and strings, which performers would do well to attend to. "I shall now lay down some brief hints for the treatment and preservation of the instrument. A good old violin should be kept in a wooden case, lined with cloth or flannel; as the too great heat in summer, as well as the sudden transitions from cold to warmth be cleaned out once every six months with a handful of barley, dust or dirt inside adheres to the barley, and is brought out again made warm, and poured into the holes, and well shaken. The through the f holes. dition and sonorous, it will be advisable to keep in the spare bag "In order to preserve the strings a length of time, in good con(which should be lined with a piece of bladder moistened with oil same oil. The strings should be rubbed with this piece of silk from of almonds,) a small piece of silk taffeta, slightly damped with the the bridge to the neck, before putting the instrument away in the case, and when again wanted for use, the oil should be wiped off dry with a piece of fine linen, and particularly in that part where the bow is used. By adopting this plan, the strings will, in the first place, receive nourishment, and never become parched, but retain the moisture which exudes from the fingers and soils the strings, their smoothness of tone. In the second place, they will not absorb which thereby become false, and produce a harsh, unequal, and screaming tone, particularly when the rosin is laid on freely. By attention to the foregoing hints, all this will be obviated. "This treatment of the violin was adopted by the concert director, Erust, under whom, as before mentioned, I studied music. Upon my recommendation, it has met with universal approval amongst the professors and amateurs with whom I have been acquainted. To the fourth string it is particularly beneficial, and for this reason,-let the string be ever so well stretched before it is covered, it dries up and contracts, leaving the wire loose upon the catgut. This may be prevented by the above method, as the oil soaks through the wire and moistens the string, thereby allowing it to expand to its original state. "The best method of preserving the spare strings, (by which term I mean those that are not wanted for immediate use,) is to wrap them up in a piece of calf's or pig's bladder moistened with oil of almonds, and closed up in a tin box. "The best strings which have come under my observation are those from Milan, which are sold under the name of Roman strings. They are now to be had at almost every music shop. I shall point out the signs by which the best strings may be distinguished, as there are some imitations of them, manufactured at Neukirch, in Voigtland, in Bohemia, and in the Tyrol, which are sold for Italian. The Milanese strings are as clear and transparent as glass. The third string should be equally as clear as the first. They must by no means feel smooth to the touch, for they are not ground or polished off by any process, as all other manufacturer's strings are. If a good string be held by one end in the finger, and opened out, it will recoil to its former position, like a watch-spring. Every string, when stretched on the instrument, should look like a thin slip of glass on the finger-board. Those which are of a dull and tinguished by each separate one being tied twice with red silk, opaque appearance, are useless. The Milanese strings are also diswhich, however, the Neukirch string-makers have imitated. Their elasticity is, after all, the best criterion, as no other strings which I have tried have that strength and elasticity for which the Milanese are so much esteemed. On the contrary, they are weak and feeble.” Sketches of Canada and the United States. William L. Mackenzie. London: 1833. (Unpublished.) (Second Notice.) By Wilson. in winter, are injurious. Too great a heat renders the wood brittle, WE have received the remaining sheets of this volume, which gives the instrument a harshness of tone, besides drying and and are happy in being able to confirm the favourable parching the strings. In winter, the too great warmth of a room opinion which we have already given of it. It contains produces the same effects. If an instrument is removed without a much that is useful, and much that is amusing. Religion case from one house to another, it undergoes a species of perspi-in America has assumed various novel forms; and the ration, which fastens the dust on it both inside and out, and forms following passage gives an account of a curious sect of a crust, which can only be got off with Dutch rush. Much greater damage is done to the instrument in summer by the flies when it is religionists in Upper Canada. We are not told what left out of its case. They get in at the f holes; and in a few years precise tenets they profess, but they seem a sort of senthe inside of the back and the belly becomes so much spotted with timental Quakers. Their mode of worship is, however, dirt as to feel like shagreen to the touch. very different. "The instrument should be kept particularly clean, and the dust Among the many sects which have taken root in the soil of 1 |