Salix parvifolia. A new fpecies: and the next,

Sulis oftendens, is a male plant, the female catkins are mentioned as correfponding with the preceding; and were we to judge from the figures and deferiptions here given, we should confider them as the male and female of the lame fpecies. This a very difficult genus; nd in order to the fatisfactory illuftration of it, figures of the male and female plants, and of a young not flowering branch are all wanted on the latter the leaves are often remarkably different, and the itipulae only to be met with. We are, however, obliged to Dr. Smith for

what he has done.

In January Number we find Hordeum murinum. "A worthless grafs," and moft common by the wayfides, under walls, &c. Dr. Smith calls it, in English, Wall, or Moufe Barley. It hus, by Ray and Hudion, been called wall barley; and the Lexicon makers have generally quoted the Hordeum urinum of Pliny, as an example of murinus, from murus. A wall, Dr. Smith, by adding the name of moule barley, we fuppofe, means to tranflate the latin name; and in this tranflation he appears to us, to be perfectly right. We can fee no reafon, to fuppofe that Pliny meant to give a different fignification to the word here than eliewhere; he has often mentioned murinum fimum, moufe-dung; and why it thould be ima gined that in this instance, he ufed it for murale, which no other Roman writer has done, we cannot guefs.

Galium uliginosum, This plant has not been well understood, and no certain figure has been given of it before.

Myolotis paluftris. In his Flora Britannica, Dr. Smith had followed Linnæus, in confidering the M. arvenfis and polaris as only varieties of the fame fpecies; but feveral of the later Englith Botanifts, particularly Withering, Hull, Relhan, and Abbot, had after Haller made them diftinct; by the remarks of Dr. Roth and his friend Trentepohl, Dr. Smith is now convinced that they are really fo We ftill think, however, that this question cannot be fairly decided but by a careful cultivation in different foils and fituations.

Allium vincale, or crow garlick. Dr Withering tells us, that the young leaves are very commonly boiled in foups. The taste of them raw, is, however, intolerably acrid and naufeous, and fo durable in the mouth that it is difficult to get rid of it. Can there be any truth in a notion propagated by fome German writer, that the excellent flavour of larks is owing to their feeding on this plant? It is more certain that the butter of cows, that have eaten it, is not mended in its flavour.

In February Number we have Scirpos carinatus, a new fpecies, found on the Thames near Weltminster bridge, for which Dr. Smith is indebted to Mr. Edward Forster for pointing ont its dutinguishing characters from the common bull-ruh, of which it was before confidered as a mere variety.

Bromus armenfis; B spiculitenuata of Knapp, which Dr. Smith now difeovers to be the true Bromus arvenfis of Lineus; under which name, he fays, two fpecies have been confounded. in England. The former plant given under this apellation he therefore now calls Bromus pratenfis.

Potamogeton lanceolatum, a new fpecies, from the lakes of North-Wales, communicated by the Rev. H Davies. Dr. Smith queries if this can be the fetaceum of Hudfon, a fpecies that no one knows?

Hypericum barbatum of Jacquin, found by Mr. G. Donn, in Perthshire, and quite a new addition to the British Flora.

Equisetum varigatum; another difcovery of Mr. G. Donn, who found it in Angushire.

In the Number for March, we meet with Ornithogalum nutans, fent by the Rev. G. R. Teathes, from High-fiefs, near Bury, where it grows in great pleaty, but not properly indigenous, though become a denizen of many countries in Europe. Its original place of growth is doubtful.

Rumex crifpus, a very common, very troublesome, and unprofitable weed.

Rumex ottufobus, a ftill more common and more troublefome weed than the former. Epilobrom aimfolium of Villars. This is perhaps only a variety of E. alpinum, with larger more ferrated leaves. It is here remarked, that it is called alfinifolium, with reference of fome of the larger kinds of chickweeds. To us the leaves appear only to retemble thofe to Ceraitiam aquaticum, L. Dr. Sunth obferves in this article, that Alfine of Linnæus will not retuam as a genus at all. We cannot help fufpecting, however, that when more attention fhall be given to natural affinity, and the value of number comes to be confined within its due limits, that the genus Alfine will be restored, and Ceraftiam aquaticam, Stellaria media of Flora Batannica, und stellaria uliginofa, will be arranged under it; or, at least, that these three plants will not be feparated.

The Number publifhed on the 1st of April, contains Epilobium alpinum, a native of the high mountains of Scotland.

Euphorbia Pets Found no where in this inland but on the fandy thores of Cornwall and Devonshire.

Ranunculus bederaces; here faid to be very diftinct from all the varieties of Ranunculus

aquatilis,

aquailit, with which it has been united by fome botanifts. We have fill, however, our doots; the latter fpecies is fo truly polymorphous according to the fituation in which it grows. We think we have feen plants exactly resembling Ranunculus bederaceus growing i places where the water had entirely left the foil, and gradually putting on the appearace of R. aquatilis as it approached the deeper water, where the latter only appeared. In thefe there could hardly be a doubt of their being the offspring of the fame parent.

The Number for May contains Antirrhinam minus, which finthes all the British species of Antirrhinum. It is often to be met with in Batterfea-field, and other corn-fields, where the foil is particularly light.

Hypericum calycinum; the large-flowered Hypericum, fo very common in gardens, is here fuppofed to grow wild in Ireland.

Gnaphalum margaritacrum, given by Dillenius, in Ray's Synopfis, as a denizen of this illand. It is, however, probably of American origin; but having been formerly a favourite in every cottage-garden through the land, it is not to be wondered at, if it thould have establithed itfelf in many parts, where it appears perfectly wild.

Erigeron canadenfe is precifely under the fame circumftances as the laft-mentioned plant, except that it never has been fo univerfally cultivated. Dr. Smith obferves, that he has not obferved it in the neighbourhood of London; we have feen it upon the tops of walls in feveral places.

Equifetum arvenfe, paluftre, and fluviatile, The first refemble one another very much, except iu fize; but Mr. J. D. Sowerby has difcovered an excellent specific difference, in the angles of the branches, each of which terminating in a tooth, is double in fluviatile, but not fo in arvenfe.

NATURALIST'S MONTHLY REPORT,

MAY

Leaving Month.

All that is fweet to fmell, all that can charm
Or eye or ear, burts forth on every fide,
And crowds upon the fentes.

TOWARDS the commencement of the month we had a good deal of rain. The 7th wat s very fine and hot day; and the fame beautiful weather continued till the 19th, the evening of which was cold and rainy. There was fome thunder on the 19th. On the 14th, 15th, and 16th, the thermometer, in the fhade, was as high as 68°. The laft days of May were unreasonably cold; and in feveral parts of the fouth of England, particularly in Devonshire and Cornwall, there was much rain.

May 1. A Dormoule was brought to me in its hybernaculum, and fill in a torpid state. From this ftate it did not perfectly recover, though placed in a cage in a warm room, till the 10th, when, for the first time, it came out of its neft in fearch of food.

Cuckoo flowers (Cardamine pratenfis,) are feen in all the moist meadows; and I this day, for the first time, heard the fong of the cuckoo. It has, however, been heard by others nearly a week ago.

The medicinal leeches begin to fwim amongst the weeds in the rivers; and the perfom who catch them for fale, have obtained a confiderable number

The hornbeam, (carpinus cetulus,) fycamore, (acer pseudoplatumus,) common bugle, (ajuge reptans,) wild cicely, (Cherophyllum fylveftra,) and male fool's orchiș, (orcbis maj.ula,) ate)0 flower.

May 5th. The house martins are beginning to build their nefts. They are later in this operation than I recollect them to have been for feveral years past,

The fedge warbler fings,

The buds of the hawthorn flowers begin to appear white. There will be a great abundapce of these flowers this year.

May 10th. Cock chaters, (Scarabæus melolonthia,) are feen in the evenings about the trees and hedges, in fwarms as great as during any of the late feafons. It is fingular, that, although these destructive injects are fo abundant in Hampshire, yet in the counties westward, particularly in Devonfhire and Cornwall, there are very few indeed of them.

The following wild plauts, are in flower: Lily of the valley, Croffwet, (Galtam trucin, tum) common avens, (Geum urbanum,) tway! lade, (ophrys ovata,) common vetch, (zwa jativa,) bush vetch, (vicia fepum,) foxylove, (Digitalis purpurea,) oppoûte leaved golden wși. frage, (Chryfofplenium oppofitifolium,) yellow-wood pimpernell, (Lysimachia nemora z.) and comwon bird's foot, (Ornithopus perpufillus.)

May 15th. The orange-tip butterflies, (Papilio Cardamines,) the caterpillars, or larve of wh eh, feed on the leaves of the cuckoo flower, are flying, in greater numbers than I hove generaly remarked.

May 17th. A female, of the Emperor moth, (Bombyx pavonus of Haworth,) this day came forth йjom is chry falis. This clayfulis was mentioned in the report for September Init, sa

probably that of Bombyx tauus, but as I afterwards stated, it really belonged to the present ĺpecies.

The flycatchers, (muficapa grifola,) appear.

The young cels have commenced their migration from the neighbourhood of the fea, to the more diftant parts of the rivers.

May 16. The red admiral butterfly, (papilio atalanta) appears.

May 22. I this day obferved the yellow wagtail, (motacilla flava.)

Sheil fnails, particularly thofe of the fpecies Helix Hortenfis, or common garden fnail, copulate. The little triangular fpiculæ, or darts, so often spoken of, were found upon the bodies of feveral of them.

Silkworms are hatched. May 26. Peale, beans, and wheat, are in flower; as are also the wild clary, (falvia verbenace,) officinal tumitory, (fumaria officinalis,) and yellow flag, (iris fjeuaucous.) May 29. The tadpoles of the common frog have loft their gills, and get their hind legs,

but ful retain their tails.

May 31. The fern chafers, ([carabæus borticola,) appear; and the white hedge roles, una the petals of which they feem principally to feed, are in flower.

Hampshire.

Erratum in the last month's Report, p 531, line 5 from the bottom, for plinus, read ptinus.

MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT.

THE great drynefs and heat of the weather, during thefe few weeks, after the previous cold and moift feafon, have brought forward the grain crops in a very unexpected mauner, and afforded the appearance of a very promifing harveft in most diftricts The pea and bean crops are in fomne fituations tolerably fair; but in others, efpecially on the more light gravelly foils, they are frequently deficient, both in ftem and pod. The potatues are for the most part promiting.

The turnip fallows liave been well prepared in most places; and the extent of land fown within thefe few laft weeks is very confiderable in all the fouthern parts of the kingdoin, likewife in fome of the more northern diftricts.

The grafs, in the hay districts, is not by any means fo full a crop as was expected, being in many places very light, and shrinking greatly in the making. In the fouthern counties, efpecially near Lendou, much has been already carried in excellent condition; but in the inland parts of the ifland there is yet but little cut, the growth being fo very backward. The fruit diftricts prefent a very indifferent afpect this year, there being but few apples. The pears have, however, in fonie places, fucceeded more favourably.

The prices of grain fill continue pretty much the fame. At the Corn Exchange, on the laft market day, the average prices were as follow:-Wheat, 88s. 8d. per quarter; Barley, 44s. 4.; and Oats, 31s 8d.

In Smithficlo, the prices of meat were:-Beef, from 5s. to 6s. per ftone of 8lb.; Mut101, 4. 8d. to 58 4d; Veal, 5s. to 68.; Pork, 5s. 4d to 6s; and Lamb, 5s. to 65, 4d. In Smithfield Market, Hay fetches from 5!. to 61. 6s. per load; Clover, from 61. 10s. to 71. 10s.; and Straw, from 11. 10s. to 11. 16s.

METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.

Observations on the State of the Weather, from the 24th of May, to the 24th of June, 1809, inclusive, Four Miles N.N.W. of St. Paul's.

Thermometer.

Higheft, 79. June 20th Wind North
Lowest, 43°. June 4th S. W.

On the 31ft Ult. the mercury was at 29. 45, and at the

same hour, on the

Greatest variation in

1ft of June, it had 24 hours.

fallen to 29 05.

The quantity of rain fallen in this neighbourhood during the month is but trifling, it will be noticed in the next report. On several days there have been flowers, but not heavy rains. The thermometer has been 9 days as high, or higher, than 70°; and once it has leci 79°, as is mentioned above; and on the next day, viz on the 21st. it was as high as 75o. The average temperature for the whole month is a little more than 36, or about 2° higher

than

than it was for the month of May. This is full 3o fhort of the average temperature for June

1808.

The moft remarkable circumftance which has occurred during this month, was the very high wind on the 1ft inftant; it did vaft mifchief to the trees, and in many parts of the country, as well as in the neighbourhood of the metropolis, it ruined the beautiful foliage which the fpring had every where exhibited: we have feen in fome of the midland and western countries, in confequence of the form, a number of trees that have more the appearance of Autumn than of June.

ASTRONOMICAL ANTICIPATIONS for JULY, 1809.

New moon will be on the evening of the 12th, at 13 minutes pact fix; and full moon on the night of the 26th, at 14 minutes past ten. The planet' Herfchel, or Georgium Sidus, will be up in the evenings. On the night of the 1ft he will fet at 29 minutes past twelve, on the might of the 11th, at 48 minutes past eleveu, on the night of the 21t, at seven minutes paft eleven, and ou the evening of the 31ft, at 26 minutes past ten. Till the 15th, his apparent motion will be retrograde, after which he will become direct. He will be flationary in 5° 34′ of the fign Scorpio, at which time the star a in the balance will be 6° 30′ more advanced in longitude than the planet, the difference of latitude being only about 3 minutes of a degree, the star being to the fouth. On the 29th, at half past seven, (orning) this planet 'will be in quartile afpect with the fun, i. e. one-fourth of the circumference of the heavens, apparently diftant from him. Saturn will be an evening ftar. On the last day of the month, he will come into conjunction with the 8, a ftar of the fourth magnitude, in the conftellation of Libra, when their difference of latitude will be 1o 31', the planet being to the fouth. Jupiter will be up in the mornings, and, toward the end of the month, almost the whole night. If the weather be favourable, four immersions, and one emerfion of Jupiter's fatellites, will be vifible to Great Britain. On the morning of the 3d, at 2m. 50f. before one, and on the morning of the 26th, at 6m. 29f. after one, the firft fatellite may be observed to immerge tutally (as leen from the earth) into its primary's fhadow. On the fame morning, with the latter immersion of the first fatellite, will take place a vifible immerfion of the fecond fatellite. On the night of the 27th, at 57m. 261 paft eleven, the third fatellite may be feen to enter into Jupiter's fhadow, and likewife to come out of it again at 25m. 14f. past two, the following morning. Jupiter will fquare the fun on the afternoon of the 16th, at halt pat two. The planet Mars, may be seen in the evenings for two or three hours after fun-fet. On the evening of the 7th, he will come into conjunction with the notable ftar of the fift magnitude, in the constellation of the Virgin, commonly known by the Virgin's Spike, at which time the ftar will be only 1° 19' to the fouth of the planet. Venus will make a fplendid appearance every favourable morning, towards the north east and east. On the 18, the rifes at 41 minutes past one, (morning) on the 11th, at 23 minutes past one, on the 218 at 6 minutes paft one, and on the 30th, at 56 minutes part twelve, (night.) On the 9th, she will come into conjunction with the 1 of the Bull, a ftar of the fourth magnitude, the far being nine minutes of a degree to the north. On the fame day fhe will be in contact with the 2 of the bull, another ftar of the fourth,magnitude. Mercury, will fcarcely be vifible to the naked eye all this month, on account of his proximity to the fun, and great fouth latitude. June 2, 1809.

ASTRONOMUS.

Owing to an Error of the Engraver, the Representation of the Ancient Monument and Inscriptions near Aberdeen cannot be given, as was intended, in the present Number; it will, however, be introduced with the Supplementary Number," which will be published on the 30th of July.

In regard to the periodical Complaints of our Friends, that they are not regularly served with the Supplementary Number, and that their Volumes, in consequence, are rendered incomplete, we must refer them to their local Booksellers, a hôse Du'y it is to deliver the Supplement to the lust Votume, with the first Number of the new Volum

AMICUS, at Bucnos Ayres, is informed that we always respect Communications from Residents, relative to the present State of Foreign Countries, Colonies, and Settlements; and we shall be exceedingly obliged to him, and to all Persons similarly sit ated. for such Communications.

*Our Readers in general are informed, that, as the Communication with the Contiment is now partially opened, after being closed for two Years, during which Time The Foreign Literary Journals have been in Arrears, our Notices and Extracts of Foreign Literature will be resumed as soon as possible.

ERRATUM-In the Note, at p. 556, for “ correct copy of it," read " correct soff of the above speech."

TO THE TWENTY-SEVENTH VOLUME OF THE

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

place the "Memoirs of the Reign of James 11." by JOHN LORD VISCOUNT LONSDALE; in which many points are il lustrated in the history of that unfortunate monareb's reign, that were before ambi-Modern History of Hindostan ;" conguous; and no small share of light thrown on the singular history of Monmouth's Rebellion.