1 2 3 GENERAL REMARKS ON WORDS OF UNSETTLED ORTHOGRAPHY. It is better to drop the final e before the; affix able as; -movable, blamable. The termination our is fast giving place to or, as in honor, favor, parlour. It has been recommended to write the termination ise in all words rather than ize. This would be a great simplification, and there is no reason against it. e.g. stigmatise, sympathise, organise, crystalise. Certain terminations are preferable to others: as, ection than exion thus connection 4 EXERCISE-Write as many words as you can to which these remarks apply. The following is a promiscuous collection of words of unsettled Observe the following; 1 liquefy, liquefaction; stupefy, stupecfactiyn. 132 RULES FOR PUNCTUATION. I-"The tendency in modern English is to dispense with commas, as far as a regard to the sense will allow." 1-A comma is required after words which follow each other, as in a list, or an enumeration, where it has an additive effect. Ex. gr.-"Give us manners, virtue, freedom." "Add celebrity to Bacon, to Hooker, to Milton and, to Boyle." "Heavens! what a goodly prospect spreads around Of hills, of dales, and woods, and lawns, and spires." And after clauses and sentences which follow each other in a similar manner. Ex. gr." Reading makes a full man, writing an speaking a ready man." exact man, Law is s rule of conduct, commanding what is right, and prohibiting what is wrong. 2-A comma must precede and follow, so that the two form a kind of vinculum or bracket, to enclosewords of address, participal and infinitive clauses, appositional words and phrases, and any clauses or subordinate sentences which interrupt the logical sequence of the principal sentence. Ex. gr.-"My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not." "The prince, his father being dead, ascended the throne." "A Howard, sounding the ocean of human misery, is only an obedient agent of the philanthrophy of the gospel." "Brevity, where it is neither obscure nor defective, is very pleasing." แ "Henry, when he had purchased those islands, sent 3-A comma is also used to stop off parts of a sentence occuring in an inverted order. Ex. gr.-"Him, the Almighty Power hurled headlong." II. For Boys, whom it is useless to expect to distinguish whether the greater or less closeness of connection between the parts of a sentence requires a colon or semi-colon, it will suffice to use the semi-colon only. 1-A semicolon is placed between independent sentences of which the second is amplificative or adversative to the former. Ex. gr.-" Slaves cannot breathe in England; if their lungs receive our air, that moment they are free." "To err is human; to forgive, divine." 2-A semicolon is placed between an inclusive statement and the rehearsal of its parts. Ex. gr.-" Grammar is divided into four parts; Orthography, Etymology, Syntax, and Prosody." III.—A period or full stop must be used at the close of a complete sentence which has no grammatical connection with other sentences. Ex. gr.-"By frequent trying Troy was won. All things by trying may be done." 2-A full stop must follow every abbreviation or contraction. Ex. gr.-Consult the statue: quart, I think it is, Edwardi sext. or prim. et quint. Eliz. POPE. IV.-Every question asked requires to be followed by a note of interrogation, but not if the question is merely stated, eg.-"Wouldst thou thy neighbours know? Look through the depths of thy heart." "To be, or not to be; that is the question." V. A note of exclamation follows an interjection, or the words connected with it. e.g.-"Riding o'er land, and sailing o'er sea. F ex-am-in-a-tion (examen) ) un-de-vel-op-ed (volvo)16 an-a-log-ous (logos) It has been ascertained by curious microscopic examination that a distinct butterfly, only undeveloped, is contained within the body of the caterpillar. When the period of its larva-life closes the caterpillar becomes a pupa enclosed in a chrysalis or cocoon, and lies torpid for a time within this natural coffin, from which it emerges, at the proper period, as a perfect butterfly. But ichneumon flies, which in their larva-state are parasitical, often mar this process. These flies being provided with a long sharp sting, which is in fact an ovipositor (egg-layer), pierce the body of the caterpillar in several places and deposit their eggs, which are there hatched and feed, as larvæ, on the inward parts of their victims. By a wonderful provision of instinct the ichneumon grubs do not injure the organs of the caterpillar, but feed only on the future butterfly within. When the period arrives for the caterpillar to assume the pupa-state, there remains of such as have been preyed upon nothing but an empty skin. Now is there not something analogous to this wonderful phenomenon in the condition of some of our race? May not a man have a secret enemy within destroying his soul, though without interfering with his well-being during the present stage of his existence, and whose presence may not be detected till the last great change takes place?-WHATELY. la Fr. concon. b Fr. developper. 2 From Old English, cate, food (comp. cater), and piller, a robber (comp. pillage). veneror nomos ho-riz-on (horos) sub-miss-ion (mitto) dec-or-at-ing (decor) e-mo-tion (moveo) e-lev-at-ed (levo) ven-er-a-tion ( re-spect-ful (specio)re-vol-u-tion (volvo) e-con-om-ists ( an-ti-dote (dotos) con-templ-ate (m) cal-cul-at-ors (calculus) dis-as-ters (astron) en-thus-i-as-tic(theos dig-ni-fied (dignus) soph-is-ters(sophia)dau-phin-ess (1) cb-ed-i-ence (audio) templum, MARIE ANTOINETTE. It is now sixteen or seventeen years since I saw the Queen of France, then the dauphiness at Versailles; and surely never lighted on this orb, which she scarcely seemed to touch, a more delightful vision. I saw her just above the horizon, decorating and cheering the elevated sphere she just began to move in,-glittering like the morning star, full of life, and splendour, and joy. Oh! what a revolution! and what a heart must I have, to contemplate without emotion that elevation and that fall! Little did I dream when she added the titles of veneration to those of enthusiastic, distant respectful love, that she should ever be obliged to carry the sharp antidote against disgrace concealed in that bosom; little did I dream that I should live to see such disasters fallen upon her in a nation of gallant men, in a nation of men of honour and of cavaliers. I thought ten thousand swords must have leaped from their scabbards to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult. But the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded; and the glory of Europe is extinguished. Never more shall we behold that generous loyalty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified obedience, that subordination of the heart, which kept alive even in servitude itself the spirit of an exalted freedom.-BURKE. 1 From the Provençal, dalfin, a dolphin, the title of the dukes of Dauphiné, from their crest, a dolphin. 2 Lat. obediens. |