CONTENTS Page Odom, Lt. Gen. William E., prepared statement.... Pressler, Larry, U.S. Senator from South Dakota, prepared statement. Bethe, Hans A., Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Nitze, Paul H., Paul Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, John Perle, Richard N., American Enterprise Institute, Former Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy, Washington, DC........ Dean, Jonathan, Former Ambassador to the Mutual and Balanced Force Reduction Talks, Arms Control Adviser, Union of Concerned Scientists, Keeny, Spurgeon M. Jr., Former Deputy Director, United States Arms Con- trol and Disarmament Control Agency, and President of the Arms Control Bunn, George, Former General Counsel, Arms Control and Disarmament 301 Prepared statement 305 Earle, Ralph II., Former Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Director and SALT II Negotiator, Chairman, Lawyers Alliance for World Security, Rhinelander, John B., Partner, Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge; Director, Lawyers Alliance for World Security; Legal Adviser SALT I, 1971-72, Wash- Responses of Secretary Baker to Questions Asked by Senator Pell. Responses of the State Department to Questions Asked by Senator Pell.. Responses of Ambassador Brooks to Questions Asked by Senator Pell Responses of Ambassador Brooks to Questions Asked by Senator Helms...... Responses of Ambassador Burt to Questions Asked by Senator Helms.. Responses of the State Department to Questions Asked by Senator Cranston Responses of the Executive Branch to Questions Asked by the Committee on Responses of Under Secretary Bartholomew to Questions Asked by Senator Questions Asked of Dr. Drell by the Committee and Responses Thereto Questions Asked of Mr. Graybeal by the Committee and Responses Thereto. Questions Asked of Mr. Gallucci by the Committee and Responses Thereto.... FOUR REPORT ON SITUATION IN FOUR FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS POSSESSING NUCLEAR WEAPONS THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1992 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, Washington, DC. The committee convened, pursuant to notice, at 2:32 p.m., in room SD-419, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Claiborne Pell (chairman of the committee) presiding. Present: Senators Pell, Biden, Sarbanes, Cranston, and Lugar. The CHAIRMAN. The committee will come to order. The Foreign Relations Committee has today asked Under Secretary of State Bartholomew to appear before us to describe his recent trip to the former Soviet Union. During his trip the Secretary discussed a number of critically important issues with the new leaders of the former Soviet republics possessing the nuclear weapon, including START, CFE, and nonproliferation treaties. He also discussed the withdrawal and dismantlement of nuclear weapons. I was an original strong supporter of the Nunn-Lugar amendment that authorizes the spending of $400 million for assistance to the new republics in the elimination of warheads. At first the Russians were reluctant to discuss this matter. Unfortunately, now that they are ready and willing, press reports indicate that the administration lacks a specific plan. I hope that we can, today, develop a degree of specificity as to what you intend to do to carry out the congressional mandate. The administration, I hope, will get on this very quickly. Of particular interest is the question of how the former republics are going to adhere to the START Treaty, and how we will have assurances that the treaty, if approved by the Senate, will be implemented. We all believe that we must be absolutely certain that our partners in the treaty are fully and legally bound. And you should be fully aware that we fully expect these questions of succession to be resolved along with the question of further reductions below the present START. Just as the President called upon Congress to deal with our economic problems by March 20, I would now very much like to see the executive branch tell us by March 20 what treaty amendments are needed to ensure succession and to bring about the needed deeper cuts. I must say, I was in Russia about 2 weeks ago, ahead of your trip. I know how ready you were to come over and how, at that |