Advertisement dedication to Then follows expresses himself concerning the Translation: English, would ever be printed, but now I find it “I did not know whether Usong translated in is actually in the Press, and the beginning printed off." A few days after his first volume was ready for publication, and the proprietors of this being informed therof, found that the Rev. Mr. Pl-a had himself employed the Printer and the Book seller. They accordingly waited on him a second time, and offered him Twenty Guineas, besides paying all expenses for paper and print, to desist from publishing his Translation; or to accept of precisely the same Conditions from him, and stop the publication of this edition. The Reverend Translator then owned his translation, but thought proper however to reject this equitable proposal. It was just, it was honourable, it was fair. Whether the Stealing into the world a Surreptitious Edition of a Work, whether taking advantage of the Advertisement inserted by the Proprietors of the following Translation, and selling upon that advertisement; whether infring To the Public in General and the Booksellers in ing upon an honorary engagement, rigidly observed Particular. A Surreptitious English Edition of this Work, translated at second hand from the French, having lately appeared, the Proprietors of the following Translation from the German Original_think it incumbent on them to acquaint the Public in general, and the Trade in particular, with the several remarkable circumstances attending this Publication. In the beginning of the year 1772, the Proprietors of this Translation caused the following Advertisement to be inserted in most of the Town and Country News-Papers : "In the Press, and soon to be published, Usong ; An Oriental History. Translated from the German Original of Baron Albert von Haller, &c. Printed for C. Heydinger, opposite Essex Street, Strand." This Advertisement being several times repeated, the Proprietors thought they had effectually secured to themselves an Exclusive Right in the copy of the said Translation. Amongst the Trade such procedure is deemed quite sufficient to establish a Property in any work translated from a foreign language. Some time after this present Translation had been taken in hand, a German copy of Usong was presented to our most amiable Queen, by the desire of Baron Haller. After a perusal thereof Her Majesty expressed a wish of seeing it soon Translated into English. This hint was sufficient to set a Labourer in the Gospel Vineyard to work, the Rev. Mr. Pl-a zealously undertook the task, and Interestedly published his Translation, though he was informed, when he borrowed the German Original of Mr. Heydinger, that a Translation was in hand. As soon as the Proprietors heard of this Rev. Mr. Pl-a's Translation, one of them waited on him, with a view of accommodating matters; but he then denied his having translated the Work, and expressed some knowledge of Translation undertaken by some of his acquainta ance, which he however thought would never be printed. Six days after (Nov. 13, 1772) he sent a letter to Mr. Heydinger, wherein he thus by all men of rectitude in the Bookselling branch of business; whether this be not dishonourable, unfair, and totally unbecoming the character of a Clerical Translator, who highly declared himself void of self-interest, let the Public determine. All that the Proprietors will say for themselves is that at a considerable expence they have undertaken this Edition, and under every discouragement they have completed it, as well to assert their own, as to maintain the rights of others in the Trade; since, if those honorary engagements, which are now by Booksellers deemed Sacred, should once be broken through, literary Property is at an end, and no man will think of undertaking a Translation, the right to which he cannot ascertain, nor secure the property thereof. The blank left in the name of the rival translator is easily supplied. The Rev. "reader" to Andrew Planta, F.R.S., was Queen Charlotte, and from 1758 until his death was an assistant librarian in the British Museum. He died in 1773. His son Joseph Planta was a distinguished antiquary, became Principal Librarian of the British Museum, and died in 1827 at the age of eighty-three. It is a little curious that the British Museum should not contain this edition, but it does not appear in the printed Catalogue. WILLIAM E. A. AXON. Manchester. insinuate what I believe to be untrue, viz., The first MS. is the well-authenticated that the Icenhilde Way passed through vellum of the "Monk Hemming," monk and Ickleton. This was an assumption made afterwards Sub-Prior of Worcester, who comby former antiquaries, merely because both piled by the command of Bishop Wulfstan words began with the same two letters; a Chartulary of the Church of Worcester,' much as if we were to assume that model is printed by Thomas Hearne (1728) under the derived from the Lat. monere because both title Hemingii Chartularium Ecclesiæ words begin with mo-. The A.-S. name of Wigiorniensis.' The Chartulary is identified Ickleton was Iceling-tun; and, as I have as the work of Hemming under his own already said in my Place-Names of Cambs,' declaration on p. 132 in folio B, in the Ickleton has no more to do with the Icen-printed edition on p. 282. hilde Way than Icklingham in Suffolk has, or the Ickleford in Herts. The Chartulary is written in verse arranged as prose. The handwriting is nearly all that of Hemming himself, and is in a good Norman hand. The names of persons and places which are in the Saxon characters are freely and readily written. A few of the charters have been copied for Hemming by other scribes, but all have been verified, and the signatures usually written by Hemming. Prof. Maitland, in The Victoria History of Worcester,' has this to say of Hemming's Chartulary : "There is hardly a long series of charters which is of better repute than the line of land books which belonged to the church of Worcester. And My contention is that this ridiculous identification of Ickleton with the course of the old way makes an utter mess of the course of that way. The theory was that a man going from Newmarket to Royston would follow the road from Newmarket towards Great Chesterford all the way to the place called Stump Cross, about a mile short of Chesterford; and then he would get across the Cam as soon as he could (for the sole purpose of passing through Ickleton), and then go across country where there is no very good road even now, till he regained the Royston high road. No one would ever have done anything so transcendently foolish. He would quit the great road from Newmarket to Chesterford The Chartulary has three divisions: first some three miles short of Stump Cross, in order of date are the charters of the at a point twelve miles from Newmarket, Conquest; next come the documents and and go a little to the right to Pampisford, narratives relating to the "Period of Concross the Cam at Whittlesford by the ford quest"; thirdly, a brief survey of the there, and follow the great road to Royston. lands held by the Monastery of Worcester. Whatever direction the old road took, it Among the names of the Charter signers could not have been very different from are many of the names mentioned in the this at any time, because the route is so poem Beowulf.' extremely direct and obvious, and the name of the ford over the Cam is still pre served. I cannot believe that the idea of going through Ickleton would ever have arisen if it had not been for the unlucky accident that its name began with Ic-. But if we are to be guided by such considerations as chance resemblance, surely the road should have driven through Ickenham in Middlesex; for this resembles the roadname in two syllables, and not in two letters only. WALTER W. SKEAT. 'BEOWULF: HEMMING OF WORCESTER. After a minute examination and a careful comparison in 1908-of the handwritings of the two MSS. now in the British Museum labelled MS. Cotton, Tiberius, A. XIII. and MS. Vitellius A. XV., I wish to give my results to your readers for their further research and criticism. where Hemming's work can be tested, it generally gains credit." 22 The MS. of Beowulf' was discovered in Catalogue. As this poem has been so fre1705, and first mentioned in Wanley's quently translated and discussed, it would be out of place to mention that it has been traditionally known to have had two scribes. The second hand is said to have commenced at the word "moste " in 1. 1939, continuing to the end (1. 3183). Immediately following 1. 1939 comes the story which contains the repeated words Hemminges maeg." 66 22 These lines are said by Thorpe to be barely intelligible." I disagree with him, and say that these lines are the key to the author and scribe of the poem. I identify Hemming as the scribe of the whole poem. While there are slight differences in the shape of a few of the letters in the handwriting of the first and of the later part of the MS., they are, in my opinion, only the differences in the handwriting of a man in his youthful days, when he had a style and pride in his penmanship, and of the same man later in life, when his sight needed a blunt quill to make his writing legible even to himself. The handwriting of Hemming in the MS. of 'Beowulf is, I claim, the handwriting of Hemming in the MS. of the Chartulary of Worcester.' As both MSS. are in the British Museum, my identification can be EVELYN H. LAMB. easily tested. Hotel Keystone, San Diego, California. "TEAGUE," AN IRISHMAN.-This is a well-known name for an Irishman, and Teague-land is sometimes used for Ireland. "Teague should rime with "plague," and not with "league." It represents -roughly, not exactly-the Gaelic name Tadhg, which is somewhat of a curiosity, as it contains the rare combination adh, Another a diphthong. pronounced like instance of this combination is the name Radhmond, which sounds like our Raymond, but is generally translated into English as Redmond. The odd-looking Tadhg is now often rendered into English as Thady, and I have even known it blossom into Thaddeus! JAS. PLATT, Jun. 66 "BURGOO."-The Statutes, Rules, and Orders for the Government of the County Hospital, for Sick and Lame Poor, Establish'd in the Town of Northampton' (Northampton 1743) contain (pp. 47-8) A Table of Diet for Patients,' in four divisions. In Full Diet,' breakfast on Wednesday and Saturday consists of A Pint of Burgoût." In Low Diet,' Tuesday's breakfast is "A | Pint of Water-Gruel or Burgoût." In Milk Diet, supper on Monday and Wednesday consists of A Pint of Boiled Milk or Burgoût," and on Tuesday and Saturday of "A Pint of Burgoût, or Milk Pottage." These instances, though a few years earlier than the first in N.E.D.,' throw no light on the origin of the word, save in suggesting 22 believed that the writers of these menus it to be French. 66 Q. V. 22 "KEEP BODY AND SOUL TOGETHER. This phrase does not escape the 'N.E.D.,' 12 and no but it is only entered as modern,' quotation is furnished (see under 'Body,' 963, col. 2, sec. 1b). One of Thomas Hearne's correspondents used it in 1711 : "We can hardly keep body and soul together ('Collections,' iii. 296). The life and soul 2 is twice mencollocation tioned in 'N.E.D.,' under Life,' 260, 22 col. 2 and 3, sec. 3 and 5, but not as a variation of this phrase. Yet it seems to be the older form, and to have attained the rank In 1673 Hickeringill quotes of a proverb. as a to keep life and soul together' "vulgar saying (Gregory, Father-Greybeard,' p. 97); and Dean Swift in his Directions to Servants,' chap. iii. tells how the footman out of place steals a scrap "to keep life and soul together." More recently Thomas Miller, in Rural Sketches,' 1839, p. 125, writes: as they say in the country, 'just to keep life and soul together.'" Now, however, it has gone out of use, but it is body 22 should be preferred strange that W. C. B. to "life." 66 66 Queries. WE must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. PLANTAGENET DESCENDANTS. I AM engaged on the volume of the Plantagenet Roll' dealing with the descendants of Lady Elizabeth Mortimer and her husband Henry, Lord Percy ("Hotspur "), and subjoin a list of those persons and families concerning whom I am seeking information. I should be extremely obliged for any information as to whether they have issue surviving, and, if so, where and from whom I should be likely to obtain particulars. The figures in parentheses indicate the sections, and are for my guidance alone. Please reply direct. I take this opportunity of thanking those correspondents who kindly replied to the queries at 10 S. vi, 407, &c. Aglionby Bamber.-Elizabeth, da. and coh. (1785), of Henry A. of Nunnery, wife of Bamber. (108) Aston Hodges.-Anna Sophia A., da. of Henry Hervey otherwise Aston of Aston, co. (199) Chester, m. 1782 Anthony Hodges. Atkins-Bowyer.-Col. Cornelius A.-B., C.B., m. Sophia Hopkinson, and had issue Wm., Hy., and Augusta. (225) Adams of Barbados and Middleton Hall, co. Carmarthen.-Edw. Hamilton A. of Middleton Hall, M.P., d. 1842, leaving 6 children. (232) Astley. Rev. Hy. L'Estrange Miller A., Rector of Fouldsham (b. 1804), had issue Wm. Hy. ; and DulciL'E., M.A.; Evelyn, m. — bella Louisa, m. 3rd son of the Viscount of Kersebrique. (245) Astley.-Rev. John A. (b. 1734, 1st son of 3rd Bt.), 1762 Catherine Bell, and had issue Catherine and Lucy. (245) m. Bowyer Burville.-Wm. B. (Bt. coll.), m. and had issue Richard (b. 1718), Wm., and Juliana (who m. Rev. Geo. Burville of Buxley, Kent, and had issue). (225) Blake Eagle.-Louisa Annabella B. m. 1827, = (23) of John Bowyer Jennings.-Diana B. (da. of Sir Wm. B., 2nd Bt.) m. Ph. Jennings of Duddleston, Salop, and had Edward, b. 1706. (225) m. Edward Goate of Brentsleigh, Suffolk. temp. 1730. (235) Mottram of Bishop Dyke Hall, Kirk Fenton, Codrington- Gore = La Gâtinais Magon.-Emilia co. York, living 1665. (25) Bethell Bellingham.-Frances B., m. 1674, Henry Bellingham. (27) Boynton.-Francis B. of Otteringham, d. 1816. He had a son and da. = Boynton Lutton.-Constance B. m. 1741 Ralph Lutton of Knapton, co. York. (34) Bethell Goodwin.-Matilda, da. of Sir Walter B. of Alne (d. 1622), m. Rev. Robert Goodwin. (39) Bree Smith Douglas.-Mary Anne and Julia das. of Rev. Robert Francis B. of Sydenham, b. c. 1780, and wives respectively of N. Smith and Capt. Charles Douglas of the Guards. (42) Bree= Sandys Chapman.-Emma Charlotte, Sophia B., m. 1844 Rev. Edwin Montfort Stephen Sandys ; and Laura B. m T. Watson Chapman, Lieut. R.N. (42) Boyle Vernon.-Hon. Arethusa B., sister of 3rd E. of Cork (d. 1704), m. James Vernon. (67) Bassett, William, b. 1738; Thomas, b. 1747; John, b. 1748; Charles, b. 1749, who had a wife living at Glentworth in 1811; Frances, b. 1731; Katherine, b. 1732; Anne; Lydia, b. 1742; and Charlotte, b. 1743, children of William B., Archdeacon of Stow. (81) Bertie Bludworth.-Lady Louisa B., m. 1736 Thomas Bludworth, Groom of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Orange. (90) Baird Hoskins.-Henrietta Jemima B., sister of 7th Bt., m. 1836 John Hoskins of South Perrot. (126) Blakiston Dunn.-William Ralph, Michael (had issue Anne, b. 1739, and Mary, b. 1743), Anthony, and Elizabeth (wife of John Dunn of Tudnow, co. Durham, and had John and Margaret), all children of Ralph B. of Chester-le-Street. (165) Boyle Nichols.-Henrietta B. (niece of 1st E. of Shannon) m. 1736 Wm. Nichols of Fooyle, Bucks. (208) Bainbridge.-Matthew B. of Huglescote Grange, Bowyer Cooke Smith.-Penelope B. (Bt. coll. d. 1820), m. 1st, 1765, Geo. John Cooke, M.D., 2ndly, Lieut.-Gen. Edw. Smith, and had several children by 1st husband. (225) Mary Caroline C., m. 1861 Lieut.-Col. James Pollock Gore, and Sophia Mary, m. 1857 Gustave Bernard de La Gâtinais of Valle, das. of 4th Bt., and Mary Anne Eleanor, sister of 4th Bt., m. 1825 Charles Magon, a French officer. (29) Codrington Bernard.-Mary C., da. of 2nd Bt., m. George Bernard. (29) Codrington Bourchier.-Jane Barbara C. m. Capt. Sir Thomas Bourchier, K.C.B., R.N. (30) Chaloner Melthorpe.-Catherine C. of Guisboro', m. G. Melthorpe of York. (133) Chaloner Bowen Wynch.-Charlotte C., b. 1787, m. Thomas Barton Bowen, barrister, and Williamina, C., b. 1793, m. Col. Alex. Wynch (and had 2 das.), das. of Wm. C. of Guisboro'. (131) Chaloner Edmonson.-Louisa C., sister of wife = Barker.-Jane, Elizabeth, and Dorothy, das. and cohs. of Sir Thos. C., 9th Bt., m. respectively, in 1778, 1785, and 1795, Wm. Hardy, Joseph Hutchinson, and Joseph Barker, all workingConstable Stanhope Blakiston-Smith.-Marmen of Chester-le-Street. (165) garet C. (d. 1663) m. Sir Edward Stanhope of Edlington and Grimston, co. York, and Mary C. m. c. 1610 Sir Thomas Blakiston, 1st Bt., and had Margaret B. and Mary B., wife of Sir Thos. Smith of Broxton, Notts, with issue. (168, 169) Cholmley Dutton.-Catherine C., m. Richard = Grattan = Grant. Charlotte Maria C., b. 1764, wife of Samuel Charters, and had issue; Lucia C., m. 1783 Major John Grattan, 100th Regt.; Lavinia Matilda C., unmarried; and Hon. Emilia Sophia C., m. 1798 Major Chas. Thos. Grant of Grant, sisters of 8th and 9th Viscounts Falkland. (194) Cary Law Chapman. Hon. Mary Elizabeth Constable=More.-Hon. Catherine C. (V. Dunbar). m. c. 1665 John More of Kirklington, and had John and Winifred, both living 1717. (118) Callander = Napier = Dunmore. - John Alex. C. cadet of Craigforth, b. 1809, and his sisters Charlotte Frances, m. 1832 Robert Dunmore Napier of Ballykinrain, and Agnes, m. 1836 William Dunmore, H.E.I.C.S. (123) Cartwright = Middleton.-Dorothy and Anne C., one of whom m. Sir Middleton. Their sister Jane m. 1755 Sir Digby Legard, 5th Bt. (99) Connor Perrott.-William C., M.D., Geo. C., Capt. 28th Regt., and their sister Eliz. Mary C., wife of Sam. Willy Perrott, living (210) about 1860. Cox Lyon.-Anne C., sister and h. of 10th, 11th, Cotton Hurt.-Jane, m. 1741 Thos. Hurt of (Marquis de) RUVIGNY. 12, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C. TWYFORD FAMILY.-Can any of your readers give me information respecting the wife and children of John Twyford, baptized at Semington, Wiltshire, 29 Dec., 1646? He is believed to have left two sons and three daughters, and to have been the great-grandfather of Samuel Twyford, born 17 Jan., 1710, of Portsea, Hants, timbermerchant, who died 9 March, 1771 (M.I. Portsea); but the intermediate generations require verification. One of John's granddaughters married Benjamin Gooder, and another Anthony Kington of Widcombe. H. your readers can enlighten me as to who is BROOKE OF COBHAM.-I wonder if any of the present representative of the old family of Brooke of Cobham. With the attainder of Henry Brooke, Lord Cobham, the barony came to an end, and his estates were forfeited. His son William Brooke was knighted, and a small pittance granted him out of the large estates to which he was heir. He married twice: firstly a daughter of Lord Dacre, and secondly a daughter of Sir Moyes Hill, Bt., by whom he had three daughters. Are any of these daughters' descendants living? I see that in 1645 the barony was revived in the person of Sir John Brooke (a barony by patent, and not a continuation). I am Brookes, Lords Cobham. anxious to trace his connexion with the In the present day the only connexion I know of Brooke of Cobham is Brooke of Ufford, Suffolk. I am told that the late Capt. Brooke of Ufford claimed the title of Lord Cobham, but do not know if this is true. If so, it would look as if he had been the nearest representative of the last Lord Cobham, and therefore his eldest son, Col. Brooke (late 1st Life Guards), would be the present head of this old family, who were among the most powerful nobles during many reigns, and gave soldiers, statesmen, and ambassadors to our country. ENQUIRER. 66 Paris. "WHELPS 22 AS A NAME FOR BROKEN WATER.-The rough water in the Humber off Hessle is known as "Hessle Whelps." The lesser waves which follow on the 23 eagre as it runs up the Trent are also whelps." What is the derivation of the word? Does it signify a little wave, because a whelp is little when compared with a dog? or has it some connexion with weallan, to well up, to seethe, or wellan, which has the same meaning? HESSLE WHELP. GRAMMATICAL GENDER.-I should feel grateful to any of your readers who would enlighten me as to the true meaning and origin of the grammatical gender which is still used in many languages. In Old English it found a place, but has long been discarded, without any resulting inconvenience so far as I know. To give an example to illustrate my meaning: word table is feminine in French, though obviously the article itself can have no sex; while, on the other hand, the German for a girl (mädchen) is, I believe, neuter, though the |