Music of a Thousand Autumns: The Tōgaku Style of Japanese Court Music

accompaniment aitake appear Banshiki-chō basic beats beginning biwa called ceremony character Chinese chōshi Chukyoku complete composition continued court musicians dance drum emperor employed ensemble entire Example F-sharp fifth figure fingering followed four fue and hichiriki function fundamental Gagaku given gives hand heard Heian period hole Hyōjō Ichikotsu-chō Imperial important included indicated instruments Japan Japanese kakko known Kogaku koto length lower measure melody mode movement moves Nara nature notation noted occurs origin ornamental performance period phrase piece pitch played player possible practice present preserved produced records referred rhythm rhythmic cycle rhythmic pattern Shingaku shō Shokyoku short shrine Sōjō songs sound standard strings stroke structure style supporting sustained T'ang taiko technique third Tōgaku Tokyo tone tradition tuning usually Western wind written