A DISTINGUISHED FOREIGNER. We have had the satisfaction and honor, lately, of making the acquaintance, in New Orleans, of Dr. V. de Amarelli, an Italian savant, who has spent the last year in travels through our country, for the purpose of informing himself upon our institutions, manners and progress, with the view of preparing a work on these subjects on returning home. pense of money; and, in expense of falsity and grimacing hypocrisy, incalculably cheaper." The History of Cyrus, is another of the interesting series of Abbott, chiefly intended for the young, and which already includes, "Queen of Scotts," "Elizabeth," "Charles I," "Hannibal," "Maria Antoinette," "Charles II," "Alexander," "Cæsar," "Richard I and III,” “Darius,” “Xerxes," "William the Conqueror." The Maid of Orleans, a romantic chronicle, by the author of "White Friars," constitutes No. 140 of Harper's select novels. Ned Allen, or the Past Age, by David Harney, "is full of characteristic points, anecdotes capitally told, shrewd indications of character, and an easy style." Night and Morning, by Bulwer. We hail the appearance of this new edition, of one of the most popular novels ever published, and one of the few that will be read and re-read for a long time to come. Dr. Amarelli is one of the most remarkable and distinguished scholars of Europe, and is connected, in one way or another, with almost every literary or scientific association in Italy, France or Germany. The honor of membership has also been conferred upon him by the leading societies of this country, and his diplomas, which we have seen, are almost without number. He has occupied various important chairs in the ancient and modern languages, and literature, and contributed many valuable works upon these subjects, as well as upon Roman and public law, political economy, poetry, Hume's England. This edition, by the Har&c. He was one of the compilers of the great pers, in six volumes, is now complete. The Latin dictionary published at Naples, and trans-style is adapted to the library, and very convelated Virgil, Fenelon, etc., into the Italian. nient. The price is not one-tenth that of the He has also contributed various papers upon early editions. agriculture, archæology, etc., and, in 1845, was a member of the congress of the Scienzeatti Itali-work of genius, the finest and the best producani, at Naples. His travels have extended tion of the gifted author, Zanoni, was imperathroughout Europe and far into Asia and Afri- tively demanded by its hosts of admirers. ca. The presence of such a man is welcomed among us, and we shall await the publication of his views with the deepest interest. It is impossible to forget that the very best history of our revolution was written by a countryman of Amarelli's, the distinguished Botta. A new edition of that most extraordinary APPLETONS' PUBLICATIONS. J. B. STEEL. 1. CICERO DE OFFICIS. 3. DICTIONARY OF MECHANICS. This edition of Cicero's greatest productions, BOOKS PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BRO'S. and which deservedly places him at the head of J. B. STEEL, NEW ORLEANS. 1. LATTER DAY PAMPHLETS, No. 3. 2. ABBOTT'S CYRUS THE GREAT. 3. THE MAID OF ORLEANS. 4. NED ALLEN. 5. NIGHT AND MORNING--ZANONI. 6. HUME'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, IV-VI. "Downing Street" is the title of No. 3, of Mr. Carlyle's quaint political pamphlets. This famous quarter, in which the government offices are located, is unceremoniously invaded, and many of the secrets of its dark and dingy prison houses of "red tape" exposed to vulgar gaze. Veneration seems to be no part of Mr. Carlyle's character, and he cannot be over-awed by all the heaps of "protocols, Syrian treaties, Greek questions, French, Spanish, Egyptian, Ethiopian questions, etc." His ridicule of the stately diplomatic departments of the empire is unsparing. "A well-selected times reporter, ordered to reside in foreign capitals, and keep his eyes open, and, though sparingly, his pen going, would, in reality, be much more effective and a good deal cheaper. Considerably cheaper, in ex moral writers, is one of a series, from the press of Appletons, intended for schools and general students. The editor is Prof. Thacher, of Yale College, and he has selected his notes from Zumpt and Bonnell. Cæsar's Commentaries and Cicero's Orations have been published in similar style. Women in America, is from the pen of Maria McIntosh. We have placed the work aside for a more elaborate notice than can be given now, and especially design an analysis of what the author says of women in the South and the West. Mr. Byrne's Mechanics and Engineering, which appears in serial numbers, at the low price of twenty-five cents, meets with the high approval of scientific and practical men throughout the nation. Number 5 includes parts of the letters "B and C," and discusses elaborately, bridges, button machinery, candles, carding engines and cannon. Number 6 completes "C," and includes corn mills, coal, etc. CUBA AND THE CUBANS, comprising a history of the island of Cuba; its present social, political and domestic condition; also, its relation to England and the United States-by the author | upon the history of his native State, Alabama, of "Letters from Cuba "—with an appendix, containing important statistics, etc., with several maps. New York, Geo. P. Putnam; New Orleans, J. B Steel. This work has met with ready sale and much favor. It appears at a propitious season. We shall, before long, in a detailed view of the island, take occasion to examine it thoroughly, together with all the other histories. ADDRESSES, &c. 1. GOV. HAMMOND'S COLLEGE ADDRESS. 2. JUDGE MCCALEB'S LYCEUM ADDRESS. 3. DR. BOLING'S VALEDICTORY ADDRESS. 4. LETTERS of FIAT JUSTICIA." and has published, in pamphlet, several chapters, as specimens of the work. We have, more than once, determined to review these chapters, but regret now to find that we have not done so. Our personal respects and regards for the author have ever been of the highest kind, and we have been pleased with the general style and matter of his publications. The "Arrest of Burr,” pos sesses deep interest, from the fact of its intimate association with western and south-western af fairs, about the beginning of this century. An earlier chapter, on "De Soto's Wanderings," was reviewed elaborately in the last number of the Review. We shall be the first to hail, with gratulation, the appearance of Col. Pickett's his 5. PICKETT'S "ARREST OF BURR." Governor Hammond appears before us, in thistory complete. production, in a new and higher character. His letters on slavery, and papers upon the agriculture and mechanics arts of the South, had already won for him a reputation in political economy and science. The address possesses classic merit, and departs essentially from the beaten track. It has been admirably reviewed in the Quarterly. "The pupil of no particular school, the author's aim seems to have been to deal impartially with the merits and defects of all, and to bring together, from all sources, ancient and modern, thoughts calculated to enlarge the mind and elevate the purposes of life, and. at the same time, such as will bear the test of manly, practical common sense." The address of Judge McCaleb was delivered on the opening of the new Second Municipality Lyceum, and maintains the author's reputation as a man of letters and taste. His illustrations are chiefly from ancient history and the Bible, with the usual accompaniments of English and Latin poetry. In one or two places, even the Italian is made tributary. A cardinal defect in the address we regard its length, and it was, perhaps, of too learned a character for the audience and the occasion. We have had the pleasure of an introduction to Dr. Boling, and previously knew him as the author of several valuable papers in the New Orleans Medical Journal. He was called from Alabama to a professorship in Lexington, Kentucky. His valedictory address, to the graduating class, is very high in its tone and morals, and inculcates lessons it would be well for the whole profession to follow. "Fiat Justicia," is now understood to have been Gov. Poindexter, that veteran politician, who entered Congress, we believe, even before Mr. Clay, and who has passed an eventful life. The letters are addressed to General Taylor, and reason out the slave question, the Wilmot Proviso and California, with the highest ability and the most unanswerable deductions. Cal. Pickett has been for several years engaged REPORTS, &c. 1. New Orleans Levee Railroad. We thank Mr. Flemming, the engineer, for a copy of his report, etc. The enterprise of running a railroad up and down the six or seven miles of New Orleans levee shipping, is one of obvious propriety and meets with our most hearty commendation. It will be an enormous saving to shippers and to commerce, and we will endeavor to show this at another time. No argument has been alleged in opposition worth a moment's consideration. The question is: Will a company undertake it, under such restrictions as will prevent monopoly and extortion. Mr. Flemming estimates the length of road 32,870 feet; length of track 55,840. Grand total of cost, including engines and cars, $158,561. Our 2. Alabama and Tennessee Railroad. friend, Lewis Troost, Esq., will receive thanks for his valuable report, as chief engineer, on the Alabama and Tennessee River Railroad. It reaches us too late for an elaborate notice before the next number of our Review. 3. Report of Alexander D. Bache, of the Coast Survey, for 1850. This will be analyzed in our next. 4. Remarks on Dynamics of Mississippi River, by Prof. Riddell. Major Barnard has examined it in our present number. 5. Canal around the Falls of the Ohio. From Shepard's steam press. It will afford us some statistics hereafter. 6. The Union, Past and Future, said to be by Mr. Garnet, of Virginia, will afford us data in a month or two. 7. Professor Tuomey, on the Geology of Alabama, a large book, and one we will take great pleasure in analyzing at an early day. 8. Maury's Sailing Directions. This is a quarto pamphlet and should be invaluable to navigators, and has reached its second edition. The name of Maury is becoming as distinguished as that of Bowditch. 9. Mr. Soule's Speeches on the Compromise. This EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. able gentleman, who now sheds so much luster apon Louisiana, as well as on the South, has favored us with these pamphlets, for which our hanks are offered. We are also indebted to him for Patent Reports, Executive Reports of the Treasury and War Departments, etc. LATE PUBLICATIONS. Messrs. HARPER & BROTHERS, through J. B STEEL, New Orleans, have sent us the following: 1. WARBURTON'S CONQUEST OF CANADA, 2 vols. 2. MACAULAY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 2 vols. 3. STANDISH, the PURITAN. 4. LIFE, &C., OF SOUTHEY. 5. PRIDE AND IRRESOLUTION. 6. RECOLLECTIONS OF ANTONY, by Dumas. "These various works, many of which will be recognized as old favorites by the industrious novel reader, and some of which are standards in English light literature, are from the publishing house of Stratton & Barnard, Cincinnati. "They are all, or nearly all, stereotyped edi tions, gotten up and printed here in the West; and, for cleanness of typography, texture of paper and general appearance, are much above the style of the cheap publications of New York houses. We refer to this fact with special gratification, knowing the difficulties under which a western publisher labors, and fully appreciating the indefatigable zeal which has marked the emanate, against the almost overwhelming op osition of eastern monopolists." business of the firm from which these editions 6. ANTONINA, THE FA ROME. OF THE 8. FIELD BOOK OF REVOLUTIONA 10. NEW MONTHLY MISCELLANY. Mr. Warburton was the author laga," a book which created some we believe, the Indian name for Canada. His present work, in two handsome volumes, embraces the history of that province from the earliest times down to the period of the American revolution. We have put them aside for an elaborate review and analysis. This edition of Macaulay is uniform with the late edition of Hume, by the same publishers. No history has ever before had such an extraordinary run. The work, Standish, is by Eldred Grayson, and is made up with the events of the American revolution. The collection of its materials was first begun in Georgia. From APPLETON, through J. B. STEEL: er, by Oliver Byrne-numbers 5 to 10. These reach as far into "E" as Engines. There will be forty numbers, at twenty-five cents each, and six thousand illustrations. The Appletons publish all the standard works of science. From H. C. BAIRD, Philadelphia, through J. B. STEEL: The Dyer and Color-Maker's Companion, with two hundred receipts for making colors, the scouring process, and directions for finishing off goods. Painter, Gilder and Varnisher's Companion, with all rules relating to painting, gilding, varnishing and glass staining; the diseases of painters and their remedies. From GOULD, KENDALL & LINCOLN, Boston: The Earth and man, by Arnold Guyot, translated by Prof. Felton, of Harvard. An elaborate review hereafter. From LEA & BLANCHARD, Philadelphia: Physical Geography, by Mary Somerville. An elaborate review hereafter. The present number of Southey contains much of his brilliant correspondence with Coleridge, Landon, Walter Scott and others. Pride and Irresolution is by the author of the Discipline of Life. Antonina is a romance of the fifth century, by Wilkie Collins. A critic says "it is destined to make no little sensation, as one of the most truly eloquent, classical and powerful fictions, that has appeared for a long time." The Daltons, by Charles Lever, possesses the usual stirring interest of the author's numerous works. Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution, by B. J. Lossing. It will contain 600 engravings on wood, superbly executed, and be published in twenty numbers. The New Monthly of Harpers we have only seen-the publishers having not yet sent a copy. It embraces repub-olution, &c. We shall notice more at length, as lications from all foreign sources, and will be the works come to hand. one of the cheapest and best magazines of the day. From STRATTON & BARNARD, Cincinnati: 3. OLIVER GOLDFINCH. 4. THE COLLEGIANS, a novel. PHILLIPS, SAMPSON & Co., Boston, have published Milman's Gibbon's Rome, vol. vi; Shakspeare's Richard III; Carlyle's Pamphlets, No. vi; Emerson's Representative Men, Life and Religion of Mohammed, Noble Deeds of Women, European Agriculture and Rural Economy; Coleman's Letters on European Life; Hume's England; Macaulay's England; Lamartine's French Rev From LEONARD SCOTT & Co., New York: Blackwood, for May, contains Free Trade Finances, Greece again, Modern Argonauts, Peninsular Medal, German Popular Prophecies, History of a Regiment in Russian Campaign, Allison's Political Essays, Christopher under Canvas, Penitent Free Trader, &c. Farmer's Guide to Scientific and Practical Ag-1 riculture, by Henry Stephens. We beg the publishers to send us numbers 1 and 2 and the following after 3. It will reach twenty-two numbers of sixty-four pages each, twenty steel engravings and six hundred wood cuts-twenty-five cents per number. From E. SHEPARD, Cincinnati: Jenny Lind, by C. G. Foster, anthor of "New York by Gas Light." New York by Gas Light, by C. G. Foster, author of "New York in Slices." From DERBY & Co., Cincinnati: Wah-To-Yah and the Taos Trail, or Prairie Travel and Scalp Dances, with a Look at Los Rancheros from Muleback, and the Rocky Mountain Camp Fire: by Lewis H. Garrard. From DUTTON & WENTFORTH, Boston: Oration, by Robert Rantoril, jun., and Account of the Union Celebration at Concord. We are obliged to Mr. Rantoril for a copy of this valua ble historical document, which we should like to analyze. ORLEANS. The Universaliad, a poem, in twelve cantos, by Arthur Crihfield. The age of doggerel has, perhaps, never before reached its acme. Two hundred mortal pages of such as this: "Oh that I had some one to brace up this matter; To prove from the Bible that faith's of no use!" Yet the author anticipates the sale of forty to fifty thousand copies. There may be sense it it, but the rhyme-good heavens! However, there AN INDUSTRIAL CONVENTION IN NEW is a steel engraving of the writer, whose head is most intellectually cast, and several lectures on Universalism, ably enough written, at the end of the book. One thing we will praise, and that is the typography and artist merit of the work. Mr. Shepard, whom we know well and highly operation in extending the manufacturing sysrespect, has produced a very handsome volume.tem of this wide region. There should be a unity As we have often employed him in our service, our judgment must be received in saying he is one of the most faithful, efficient and reliable printers, and deserves to be encouraged with any amount of work, which he will do with fidelity and economy. From PHILLIPS, SAMPSON & Co., Boston: Carlyle's Latter-Day Pamphlets. 1, The Present Time; 2, Model Prisons; 3, Downing Street; 4, New Downing Street; 5, Stump Orator; 6, Parliaments. This is a very beautiful edition. Origin of the Material Universe, 83 pages. This is another theory, and the author says, if it be deemed not visionary, some part, at least, will lead to investigations, etc. Atheism among the People, by Lamartine. 71 pages. Translated by Messrs. Hale and Le Baron. It is one of the most eloquent of the author's productions. We suggest, for the consideration of all citizens, well-wishers to the Southern and Western States, a convention, to be held some time next spring, in New Orleans, for the purpose of general co of action to secure the highest results, and our city presents many advantages for a general meeting of the kind. The proposition has been favorably received by many gentlemen with whom we have conversed. The South has already had commercial conventions, railroad conventions, slavery conventions-but a convention for the promotion of manufactures, seems, as yet, unthought of, though, we believe, it would be attended with more practical results than any other. In our next we shall treat the subject fully, and meanwhile request the southern and western press to take up and advocate it, should it meet their favor. TO SUBSCRIBERS. We beg, from all sources, immediate remittances; and, in return, guarantee continued improvements in the work. Who pays quickly, pays doubly. The expenses of the work are increased two fold, and our reliance is upon the From DEWITT & DAVENPORT, New York: liberality and public spirit of subscribers. Remit Money-Penny, or the Heart of the World: a by mail, and all remittances will be acknowlromance of the present day, embracing Adven-edged on the cover. tures of a Country Gentleman in New York, the Indian Girl, Seamstress and Poet, Cheerful News-boy, Sharper and his Confederates, Young Dandy and Woman of Fashion. By Cornelius Mathews. The Miner's Daughters, a Tale of the Peak, from "Household Words:" by Charles Dickens. Lizzie Leigh, a domestic tale, also from "Household Words." The services of those who send us new subscribers, will also be remembered long and gratefully. We are willing to allow fair commissions to respectable young men, who will undertake to canvass any particular State, for subscribers; and letters upon this subject, post paid, with references, will meet with prompt attention. We hope, before long, to secure European and Three Strong Men, by Alexander Dumas, trans-northern correspondents, in addition to many lated by Fayette Robinson. able collaborators. DE BOW'S SOUTHERN AND WESTERN REVIEW. Established January 1, 1846. J. D. B. DE BOW, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. SEPTEMBER, 1850. 2d SERIES, VOL. III, No. 3—3d SERIES, VOL. I, No. 3. ART. I.-SOME THOUGHTS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT. SOURCES OF PUBLIC WEALTH. [WHAT is here offered, is but a few abstract reasonings, which have lead us where they would. If the reader “like them not," they will do him no harm; and he is assured the subject is now disposed of by us once for all.] Or the two sciences, political economy and government (if, in their still crude and imperfect state, the term science be strictly applicable to either), it may be said, generally, the aim of the one is to direct the action and control the excesses of the other, in all those points in which the public wealth is involved. This, though it be far from the whole mission of political economy, is yet the most important part of that mission. The public wealth is an essential element of that public welfare, with which all governments are charged. It comprises everything which relates to the physical well-being of a people; and, as this physical well-being is at the bottom of all social and moral progress—all advances in letters, arts, sciences and civilization-the promotion of public wealth may, indeed, in a liberal and enlarged sense, be considered the whole duty of government. Political economy comes, then, to be considered coextensive with legislation, and sound law is necessarily based upon its principles. If political economy, like some of the exact sciences, had attained perfection, which is far from being the case in its present stage of infancy, and all its rules and principles were susceptible of demonstration, we should have no more of that multiplicity of legislation, which |