town. It began in their house, and hath burned much and many houses backward, though none forward; and that in the great uniform pile of buildings in the middle of Cheapside. I am very sorry for them, for the Doctor's sake." This entry is, by the Editor of the Diary, wrongly indexed under Thomas Fuller's name; and the blunder is copied by Russell (Memorials, P. 330). On 18th July, 1666, Pepys notes: "By appointment [at his house] I find Dr. Fuller, now Bishop of Limericke, in Ireland; whom I knew in his low condition at Twittenham, and find the Bishop the same good man as ever; and, in a word, kind to us, and, methinks, one of the comliest and most becoming prelates in all respects that ever I saw in my life. During dinner comes an acquaintance of his, Sir Thomas Littleton." This Sir Thomas had married his cousin, the daughter of Fuller's old patron, Lord Littleton, Keeper of the Great Seal. Bishop Fuller was as full of smart sayings as Thomas Fuller. On the 30th Sept., 1666, says Pepys, "Up, and to Church, where I have not been for a good while and there the church [St. Olave, Hart Street], infinitely thronged with strangers, since the fire come into our parish; but not one handsome face in all of them, as if, indeed, there was a curse, as Bishop Fuller heretofore said, upon our parish!" Dr. Fuller was, Sept. 17, 1667, translated to the bishopric of Lincoln, which, À Wood says, he took great pains to obtain. He was confirmed on the 27th of the same month in the church of St. Paul's, Covent Garden. The Bishop then made his quondam school-assistant at Twickenham not only his chaplain, but gave him a prebend and other promotion. On the 25th Sept., Pepys relates that walking up and down the gallery at White Hall, "I met with Bishop Fuller, who, to my great joy, is made, which I did not hear before, Bishop of Lincoln." On the 6th Nov. he first sees his friend as bishop sit among the Lords. At noon on 23rd Jan., 1668, the Bishop came to dine with Pepys, "and after him comes Mr. Brisband; and there mighty good company. But the Bishop a very extraordinary goodnatured man and one that is mightily pleased, as well as I am, that I live so near Bugden, the seat of his bishopricke, where he is like to reside, and, indeed, I am glad of it." During the time that Fuller presided over the diocese he repaired, in his cathedral, many of the monuments of his predecessors, which had been roughly handled during the war; and he would have done more for the rest had he lived. He died 27th April, 1675, at Kensington, and was buried in Lincoln Cathedral, where the following inscription was placed over his tomb : "D.O.M.S. Sub hoc marmore in deposito est Quod reliquum Gulielmi Fuller Qui ex ultimâ Hiberniâ Ad hunc translatus præsulatum Anno hujus sæculi Christiani Sexagesimo septimo Episcoporum sexagesimus septimus Anno etiam ætatis suæ sexagesimo septimo Mortem obiit vitâ suâ lenissimâ (Si fieri possit) leniorem ix. Calendas Maias MDCLXXV. Sedulus tam in cathedrâ quam curiâ Episcopus Mortis diu ante mortem adeo studiosus Ut cum monumentorum quæ Episcopis Ecclesiæ hujus fundatoribus Prisca pientissime posuisset ætas Nostra turpius diruisset Sumptibus suis non modicis Alia instaurasset Alia mox meditaretur instauranda Fato importuno cesserit. Abi viator imitare quem sequeris." Bishop Fuller, who was succeeded by Thomas Fuller's old friend, Dr. Barlow, formerly librarian of the Bodleian, had collected materials for writing the life of Archbishop Bramhall, but its publication was prevented by death. He is said to have "had a good knack at writing Latin verses." His portrait, by Lely, in episcopal attire, is in Christ Church College, Oxford. (Athen. iv. 850; Fasti, ii. 254; Walker's Sufferings, ii. 110; Ware's Works concerning Ireland, i. 515; Pegge's Anonymiana, ed. 1818, pp. 139, 140.) By his will, made when "weak in body," April 21, 1675, and proved on the 24th of the same month, he commits his body to be buried at Lincoln, according to the rights of the Church of England," near his sister, i.e. Mrs. Paulson, "on the other side of St. Hugh's tombe." He leaves his property for equal division between Thomas Fuller, the son of his brother Thomas, Mary, the wife of William Farmery, and Sarah Bligh, her sister. William Farmery, who belonged to a family settled in the Isle of Axholme, connected by marriage with the Laughtons of Eastfield, was named executor, and Morley, Bishop of Winchester, overseer. He leaves bequests to the Cannon family, &c. "I give to the Library nowe preparing in the Cathedrall of Lincoln the choicest of my books." He forgets not the poor of Ewberst in Surrey, of St. Patrick's, of Limerick, and of the Close of Lincoln. He then adds: "I doe declare that I dye praying for the prosperitie of the Church of England, beseeching Almighty God that she may overcome all her enemies, whether of the Romane or Fanaticall communion. And I doe moreover declare that I have beene engaged in some law suits, not at all out of neglect of peace and charitie, but wholly and solely to vindicate the rights of the Church of my Episcopal See from the encroachments of ungodly men." Grilsincolns (B.) THE FULLER FAMILY IN 1659. "Yea it [the family] hath at this day, one Bishop [i.e. Thomas Fulwar, of Ardfert and Aghadoe], one Dean [Wm. Fuller, of Ely], one Doctor [the mysterious personage mentioned at page 249, whose identity has defied detection], two Bachelors of Divinity [Fuller himself and perhaps his brother], and many Masters of Arts of no contemptible condition. Pardon, reader, this digression done se defendendo."-Appeal of Injured Innocence, pt. ii. 94 (532). CHAPTER XX. "THE APPEAL OF INIURED INNOCENCE." (1659.) DR. HEYLYN'S LIFE AND CONTROVERSIES.-HIS RELATIONS WITH fuller.-THEIR DISAGREEMENT.-fuller a SEEKER OF PEACE.—(I.) HEYLYN'S "EXAMEN HISTORICUM."—HIS EXCEPTIONS.-FULLER AND DEAN COSIN.-FULLER's debate AS TO A REPLY.-(II.) HIS "APPEAL."-THE DEDICATION. THE GENERAL AND PARTICULAR REPLIES.-FULLER'S EPISTLES TO (1) COSIN, (2) THE READER, (3) HEYLYN, AND (4) BURGESS.-THE FAIRNESS, CHARITY, LOYALTY, AND FACETIOUSNESS OF THE 'APPEAL.”—(III.) HEYLYN'S "CERTAMEN EPISTOLARE.' ABSTRACT OF THE REPLY.-HIS LETTER TO FULLER.THEIR INTERVIEW AND RECONCILIATION.-HEYLYN'S FUTURE life.-fulLER AND THE CHURCH OF ROME. "As for the censure of Baronius [on Josephus], it is too harsh and uncharitable, charging him with absurda et portentosa mendacia, seeing that it cannot appear that Josephus willingly and wittingly made those mistakes. Wherefore such chancemedley amounts not to manslaughter, much less to wilful murther; not to say that the charitable reader ought to be a City of Refuge to such Authors, who, rather unhappy than unfaithful, fall into unvoluntary errours. In a word, historians who have no fault are only fit to write the actions of those princes and people who have no miscarriages, and only an Angel's pen, taken from his own wing, is proper to describe the story of the Church triumphant." " (Pisgah-Sight, ii. 148.) HE life of Heylyn, after the surrender of Oxford, was perhaps for a time more unhappy than that of many of his brethren. He is said to have shifted from place to place, like the old patriarchs; "and, in pity to his necessity, he found a hearty entertainment among his friends of the Royal party, at whose tables he was fed." He ultimately settled at Lacie's Court, near Abingdon, partly to take advantage of the Bodleian Library; for he was still devoting himself to literary pursuits, and was without a library of his own. He mentions his "small stock" of books, which he had "recruited, mine own being taken from me and disposed of contrary unto 1 Wordsworth, on Walton's Lives: "There are no colours in the fairest sky So fair as these. The feather whence the pen In the Addl. MSS., Br. Mus., there is a Latin translation of Fuller's objections to Josephus as an historian (4254, 94), as given in the Pisgah, whence we quote. (See also p. 483 ante.) The MS., which is dated Hemstedy, Oct. 2, 1723, terms Fuller "Anglus." SS publick order." Heylyn had no cure of souls, his connection with Laud on the one hand, and his unyielding spirit on the other, keeping him from the open exercise of his profession. Yet he used the liturgy in his own house, and he encouraged the parson of Abingdon to read public prayers. His natural irritability, heightened by misfortune, took him into the midst of ecclesiastical controversy, insomuch that all his time seemed devoted to it. It is to be regretted that the polemic did not choose less thorny subjects, for all who are acquainted with his lighter pieces, and the prefaces to his works, know that he had a most agreeable and attractive pen. The introduction to the 1652 and later editions of the Cosmography is a piece of reading that is particularly fresh and engaging. Referring to that work, he himself finely said: "As I have taken on myself the part of an historian, so have I not forgotten that I am an Englishman, and, which is somewhat more, a Churchman." And he averred that it would be no small comfort to him, in the midst of so many sorrows as were round him, that he had been useful to the public, or added anything by his studies to the honour and content of the English nation. On the other hand, his controversial writings were little read during the interregnum, he himself complaining of the "unhandsome entertainment which my endeavours for the publick had lately met with. . . . . Little encouragement, God wot, to write books for others, when I could not be permitted to enjoy my own." His works afterwards came more into fashion, for in Prior's time it was the mark of a student that he "From breakfast reads till twelve o'clock Passages in Heylyn's grave writings called forth the censures of those of his own school. He held extreme opinions in regard to the Reformers, and he evinced a perfect hatred for the Puritans. Moreover, he upheld the civil and religious tyranny at which the measures of Laud seemed to aim. Like most of the followers of that unfortunate prelate, Heylyn was credited with leanings towards the Church of Rome. Passages in Fuller's writings tend to show that up to the eve of the famous quarrel he was on familiar terms with the famous controversialist; for, quoting from Heylyn's "worthy work," The History of Charles I., Fuller uses the epithet "my honoured friend." Meeting frequently, during the war and since, they seem to have learnt much of each other's private history. That Fuller had no personal animosity against the High Churchman is manifest from remarks in the Appeal. The following passage indicates his former attitude towards Heylyn: "The party whom I am to deal with," Heylyn had said, "is so much a stranger to me that he is neither beneficio, nec injuriâ notus, and therefore no particular respects have moved me to the making of these animadversions, which I have writ (without relation to his person)." "I am glad," Fuller returns, in answer to this "Self-denying Ordinance," "to hear this passage from the Animadvertor, that I never did him any injury,' the rather because some of my friends have charged me for provoking his pen against me. And, though I pleaded that neither in thought, word, or deed I ever did him any wrong, I hardly prevailed with them for belief; and now the Animadvertor hath cleared me that I never did any injury unto him. Would I could say the same to him, that he never did me any injury! However, as a Christian, I here fully and freely forgive him, and will endeavour, as a Scholar, so to defend myself against his injury that, God willing, it shall not shake my contentment. 'Without relation to my person!' Let the reader be judge hereof. Indeed Thomas hath been well used by him, but Fuller hath soundly felt his displeasure." 1 The freedom of Fuller's writing may originally have been the innocent cause of the disagreement. A hostile feeling would readily arise between ecclesiastical champions whose opinions were so much at variance. A man of Heylyn's temperament would naturally look for consideration at the hands of his brethren; and one particular remark in Fuller's Church-History could not fail to give him provocation. Heylyn took especial pride in being known as the author of the legendary History of that most famous Saint and Souldier of Christ Jesus, St. George of Cappadocia; Asserted from the Fictions of the Middle Ages of the Church and opposition of the present, 1631. As such, he could not, we may be sure, read without perturbation of mind. Fuller's jaunty reference to St. George, when, of St. Equitius ("pretended founder of our first English monks "), he irreverently said: "Be he who he himself or any other pleaseth,brother, if they will, to St. George on horseback,—he was never 2 1 Appeal, i. p. (57), (349). Referring to those who took part in the Sabbatarian controversy, Heylyn thus complacently referred to himself: "The practical and historical [part was written upon] by Heylyn of Westminster, who had gained some reputation for his studies in the ancient writers by asserting the History of St. George, maliciously impugned by those of the Calvinian party on all occasions." Speaking of the In churches, &c., associated with St. George's name, Heylyn adduces St. George's Church in Burford," where it pleased God to give me, first, my natural being, and afterwards my education. which regard I hold myself bound in a manner to vindicate ST. GEORGE'S honour, having received such comforts in a place where his memory was anciently precious." (History of St. George Asserted, ii. 288.) |