that poor few

Are opening round her; those of middle age,
Cast down while confident in strength they stand,
Like pillars fixed more firmly, as might seem,
And more secure, by very weight of all
That, for support, rests on them; the decayed
And burthensome; and lastly,
Whose light of reason is with age extinct;
The hopeful and the hopeless, first and last,
The earliest summoned and the longest spared—
Are here deposited, with tribute paid
Various, but unto each some tribute paid ;1
As if, amid these peaceful hills and groves,
Society were touched with kind concern,

And gentle Nature grieved, that one should die ;'*
Or, if the change demanded no regret,

Observed the liberating stroke—and blessed.

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"And whence that tribute? wherefore these regards? † Not from the naked Heart alone of Man

(Though claiming high 2 distinction upon earth
As the sole spring and fountain-head of tears,
His own peculiar utterance for distress
Or gladness)-No," the philosophic Priest
Continued, "'tis not in the vital seat
Of feeling to produce them, without aid

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985

From the pure soul, the soul sublime and pure ;
With her two faculties of eye and ear,

The one by which a creature, whom his sins

* In a note to the edition of 1814, Wordsworth added to the above quotation Southey's Retrospect. See p. 388 of this volume.

In 1814 Wordsworth added to this line a prefatory note to his Essay

upon Epitaphs, and the Essay itself, for which see The Prose Works.

Have rendered prone, can upward 1 look to heaven;
The other that empowers him to perceive
The voice of Deity, on height and plain,

990

Whispering those truths in stillness, which the WORD,
To the four quarters of the winds, proclaims.
Not without such assistance could the use

Of these benign observances prevail :

995

Thus are they born, thus fostered, thus 2 maintained ;
And by the care prospective of our wise
Forefathers, who, to guard against the shocks
The fluctuation and decay of things,

Embodied and established these high truths
In solemn institutions :-men convinced
That life is love and immortality,

The being one, and one the element.

There lies the channel, and original bed,

1000

From the beginning, hollowed out and scooped 1005 For Man's affections-else betrayed and lost,

And swallowed up 'mid deserts infinite!

This is the genuine course, the aim, and end
Of prescient reason; all conclusions else
Are abject, vain, presumptuous, and perverse.
The faith partaking of those holy times,
Life, I repeat, is energy of love

Divine or human; exercised in pain,

In strife, in tribulation; and ordained,
If so approved and sanctified, to pass,

Through shades and silent rest, to endless joy."*

1 1814.

ΙΟΙΟ

1015

2 1836.

upward can

and

C.

1814.

* On the 1st of August 1849, during the last year of the poet's life, he transcribed the five lines beginning

Life, I repeat, is energy of love

on a presentation copy of his works, sent to Thomas Gough. It was one of the last things he ever wrote.-ED.

Book Sixth

THE CHURCH-YARD AMONG THE MOUNTAINS

ARGUMENT

Poet's Address to the State and Church of England-The Pastor not inferior to the ancient Worthies of the Church-He begins his Narratives with an instance of unrequited Love -Anguish of mind subdued, and how-The lonely Miner -An instance of perseverance-Which leads by contrast to an example of abused talents, irresolution, and weaknessSolitary, applying this covertly to his own case, asks for an instance of some Stranger, whose dispositions may have led him to end his days here-Pastor, in answer, gives an account of the harmonising influence of Solitude upon two men of opposite principles, who had encountered agitations in public life-The rule by which Peace may be obtained expressed, and where-Solitary hints at an overpowering Fatality-Answer of the Pastor-What subjects he will exclude from his Narratives-Conversation upon this— Instance of an unamiable character, a Female, and why given-Contrasted with this, a meek sufferer, from unguarded and betrayed love-Instance of heavier guilt, and its consequences to the Offender-With this instance of a Marriage Contract broken is contrasted one of a Widower, evidencing his faithful affection towards his deceased wife by his care of their female Children.1

HAIL to the crown by Freedom shaped-to gird
An English Sovereign's brow! and to the throne
Whereon he sits! Whose deep foundations lie
In veneration and the people's love;
Whose steps are equity, whose seat is law.
-Hail to the State of England! And conjoin
With this a salutation as devout,

Made to the spiritual fabric of her Church;

1 1827.

Second Marriage of a Widower prudential and happy.

5

Founded in truth; by blood of Martyrdom
Cemented; by the hands of Wisdom reared
In beauty of holiness, with ordered pomp,
Decent and unreproved. The voice, that greets
The majesty of both, shall pray for both;
That, mutually protected and sustained,*
They may endure long as the sea 1 surrounds
This favoured Land, or sunshine warms her soil.

And O, ye swelling hills, and spacious plains!
Besprent from shore to shore with steeple-towers,
And spires whose 'silent finger points to heaven ;'†
Nor wanting, at wide intervals, the bulk
Of ancient minster lifted above the cloud
Of the dense air, which town or city breeds
To intercept the sun's glad beams—may ne'er
That true succession fail of English hearts,
Who, with ancestral feeling, can perceive 2
What in those holy structures ye possess
Of ornamental interest, and the charm
Of pious sentiment diffused afar,
And human charity, and social love.
-Thus never shall the indignities of time
Approach their reverend graces, unopposed;
Nor shall the elements be free to hurt
Their fair proportions; nor the blinder rage
Of bigot zeal madly to overturn;
And, if the desolating hand of war

Spare them, they shall continue to bestow,
Upon the thronged abodes of busy men

ΙΟ

15

20

25

30

35

* Note Wordsworth's love for the Established Church of England, and compare the Ecclesiastical Sonnets.-ED.

+ See Wordsworth's note, p. 389.-ED.

(Depraved, and ever prone to fill the mind 1
Exclusively with transitory things)

An air and mien of dignified pursuit ;
Of sweet civility, on rustic wilds.

The Poet, fostering for his native land
Such hope, entreats that servants may abound
Of those pure altars worthy; ministers
Detached from pleasure, to the love of gain
Superior, insusceptible of pride,

And by ambitious 2 longings undisturbed;
Men, whose delight is where their duty leads
Or fixes them; whose least distinguished day
Shines with some portion of that heavenly lustre
Which makes the sabbath lovely in the sight
Of blessed angels, pitying human cares.
-And, as on earth it is the doom of truth
To be perpetually attacked by foes
Open or covert, be that priesthood still,
For her defence, replenished with a band
Of strenuous champions, in scholastic arts
Thoroughly disciplined; nor (if in course
Of the revolving world's disturbances

Cause should recur, which righteous Heaven avert !
To meet such trial) from their spiritual sires
Degenerate; who, constrained to wield the sword
Of disputation, shrunk not, though assailed
With hostile din, and combating in sight
Of angry umpires, partial and unjust;

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45

50

55

61

65

And did, thereafter, bathe their hands in fire,*
So to declare the conscience satisfied:
Nor for their bodies would accept release;