1836

Art. 17. This liberty of navigation and com merce shall extend to all kinds of merchandise excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended:

1st. Cannons, mortars, howizers, swivels, blun derbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols pikes swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms.

2d. Bucklers, helmets, breast plates, coats of mail, infantry-belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use,

3d. Cavalry - belts, and horses with their fur

niture.

4th. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass and copper, or of any other materials, manufactured, prepared, and ju med expressly to make war by sea or land.

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Art. 18. All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles of contraband plicitly enumerated and classified as above, shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce so that they may ried and transported in the freest manner, by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy; excepting, only tho places which are at that time besieged or blocka ded; and to avoid all doubt in this particular it is declared, that those places only are besieged on blockaded, which are actually attacked by a belli gerant force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral.

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Art. 19. The articles of contraband before merated and classified, which may be found in vessel bound for an enemy's port shall be subject to detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of the ether of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain of supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the arti

Art. 17. Esta libertad de navegacion y comercio 1836 estenderá á todo genero de mercaderias, esceptuando ellas solamente que se distinguen con el nombre de trabando; y bajo este nombre de contrabando ó tos prohibidos, se comprenderan :

lo. Cañones, morteros, obuces, pedreros, trabucos, quetes, fusiles, rifles, carabinas, pistolas, picas, adas, sables, lanzas, chuzos, alabardas y granadas, bas, pólvora, mechas, balas, con las demas cosas respondientes al uso de estas armas.

20. Escudos, carquetes, corazas, cotas de malla, turas, y vestidos hechos en forma y á usanza

far.

30. Bandoleras y caballos, junto con sus armas y

ses.

40. Y generalmente, toda especie de armas é rumentos, de hierro, acero, bronce, cobre, y otras terias cualesquiera, manufacturadas, preparadas y madas espresamente para hacer la guerra por mar ierra.

Art. 18. Todas las demas mercaderias y efectos comprendidos en los articulos de contrabando esplimente enumerados y clasificados en el articulo anor, serán tenidos y reputados por libres, y de o y libre comercio, de modo que ellos puedan ser sportados y llevados de la manera mas libre por ciudadanos de ambas partes contratantes, aun á lugares pertenecientes a un enemigo de una otra, eptuando solamente aquellos lugares ó plazas que an al mismo tiempo sitiadas ó bloqueadas, y para ar toda duda en el particular, se declaran sitiadas bloqueadas aquellas plazas que en la actualidad uviesen atacadas por una fuerza de un beligerante az de impedir la entrada del neutral.

Art. 19. Los articulos de contrabando antes enurados y clasificados, que se hallen en un buque stinado a puerto enemigo, estarán sujetos a detenny confiscacion, dejando libre el resto del carganto y el buque para que los duennos puedan disponer ellos como lo crean conveniente. Ningun buque cualquiera de las dos naciones, será detenido por er a bordo articulos de contrabando, siempre que maestre, capitan ó sobrecargo de dicho buque, era entregar los articulos de contrabando al apresa

1836 cles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great, or of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this, and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment according to law.

Art. 20. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or places belonging t an enemy without knowing that the same is besie ged, blockaded or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor chall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be sonfiscated; unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from any officer commanding ave sel of the blockading forces, they shall again d tempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper... shall any vessel of either, that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besie ged, blockaded or invested by the other, be restrai ned from quitting such place with her cargo; nor if found therein after the reduction and surrender shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confi cation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof.

Art. 21. In order to prevent all kind of disor der in the visiting and examination of the ship and cargoes of both the contracting parties, the high seas, they have agreed, mutually that whenever a vessel of war, public or private shall mee with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon shot, and may send its boats with two or three men only in or der to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vesse without causing the least extortion, violence; or treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible, with their person and property for which purpose the commanders of the said private armed vessels shall, before ceiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commili

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dor, a menos que la cantidad de estos articulos sea 1836 tan grande y de tanto volúmen que no puedan ser recibidos a bordo del buque apresador sin grandes nconvenientes; pero en este, como en todos los otros asos de justa detencion, el buque detenido sera enviado I puerto mas inmediato, comodo y seguro, para ser uzgado y sentenciado conforme a las leyes.

Art. 20. Y por cuanto frecuentemente sucede que s buques navegan para un puerto ó lugar pertenejente a un enemigo, sin saber que aquel esté sitiado, loqueado ó investido, se conviene en que todo buque a estas circumstancias se pueda hacer volver de dicho uerto ó lugar, pero no sera detenido ni confiscado arte alguna de su cargamento, no siendo contrabando; menos que despues de la intimacion de semejante oqueo ó ataque por cualquier comandante de un que de las fuerzas bloqueadoras, intentase otra vez trar; pero le será permitido ir a cualquier otro berto o lugar que juzgue conveniente. Ni ningun aque de una de las partes que haya entrado en mejante puerto o lugar, antes que estuviese sitiado, oqueado o envestido por la otra, será impedido de jar el tal lugar con su cargamento, ni si fuere haldo alli despues de la rendicion y entrega de semejante gar, estará el tal buque o su cargamento sujeto á nfiscacion, sino que serán restituidos a sus dueños.

Art. 21. Para evitar todo genero de desorden en visita y ecsamen de los buques y cargamentos de nbas partes contratantes en alta mar, han convenido utuamente, que siempre que un buque de guerra ablico ó particular se encontrase con un neutral de otra parte contratante, el primero permanecerá fuero e tiro de cañon, y podrá mandar su bote con dos o es hombres solamente, para ejecutar el dicho ecsamen e los papeles concernientes á la propiedad y carga el buque, sin ocasionar la menor estorcion, violencia mal tratamiento, por lo que los comandantes de ichos buques armados serán responsables con sus ersonas y bienes; a cuyo efecto los comandantes de aques armados, por cuenta de particulares, estarán bligados antes de entregarseles sus comisiones ó paentes, a dar fianza suficiente para responder de los perjuicios que causen. Y se ha convenido espresa

Nouv. Série. Tome IV.

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1836 and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall, in no case, be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting hi papers, or for any other purpose whatever.

Art. 22. To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizen of the two contracting parties, they have agrees and do agree, that in case one of them should be .engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea - letters, or passports, expressing the name, pro perty, and bulk of the ships, as also the name and place of habitation of the master and commander of said vessel, in order that it may hereby appear that said ship truly belongs to the citizens of use of the parties; they have likewise agreed that such ships being laden, besides the said sealetters or passports shall also be provided with certificates, contain the several particulars of the cargo, and the plac whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on boar the same; which certificates shall be made out b the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, i the accustomed form without such requisites, sai vessels may be detained, to be adjudged by the com petent tribunal, and may be declared legal pris unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and satisfied or supplied by testimon entirely equivalent.

Art. 23. It is further agreed, that the stipu lations above expressed relative to the visiting an examination of vessels, shall apply only to thos which sail without convoy, and when said vesse shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of th commander of the convoy, on his word of hon that the vessels under his protection belong to th nation whose flag he carries; and when they al bound to an enemy's port, that they have no con traband 'goods on board, shall be sufficient.

Art. 24. It is further agreed, that in all ca ses, the established courts for prize causes, in th country to which the prizes may be conducted shall alone take cognizance of them; and whene