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tions to ensure that China abides by its commitments to follow fair, nondiscriminatory trade practices in dealing with United States businesses, and adheres to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, the Missile Technology Control Regime guidelines and parameters, and other nonproliferation commitments.

(5) The Chinese government should cooperate with international efforts to obtain North Korea's full, unconditional compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

(6) The President has initiated an intensive high-level dialogue with the Chinese government which began last year with a meeting between the Secretary of State and the Chinese Foreign Minister, including a meeting in Seattle between the President and the President of China, meetings in Beijing with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and others, a recent meeting in Paris between the Secretary of State and the Chinese Foreign Minister, and recent meetings in Washington with several Under Secretaries and their Chinese counterparts.

(7) The President's efforts have led to some recent progress on some issues of concern to the United States.

(8) Notwithstanding this, substantially more progress is needed to meet the standards in the President's Executive Order.

(9) The Chinese government's overall human rights record in 1993 fell far short of internationally accepted norms as it continued to repress critics and failed to control abuses by its own security forces.

(b) SENSE OF SENATE.-It is the sense of the Senate that the President of the United States should use all appropriate opportunities, in particular more high-level exchanges with the Chinese government, to press for further concrete progress toward meeting the standards for continuation of MFN status as contained in the Executive Order.

SEC. 514.114 IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE.

(a) REPORT TO CONGRESS.-The President shall submit annually, beginning 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, a detailed report to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives on the implementation of the "Partnership for Peace" initiative, including an assessment of the progress made by former members of the Warsaw Treaty Organization in meeting the criteria for full membership articulated in Article 10 of the North Atlantic

114 22 U.S.C. 1928 note. Sec. 205 of the NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 108 Stat. 4697) provided the following:

"SEC. 205. REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

"The President shall include in the report required by section 514(a) of Public Law 103-236 (22 U.S.C. 1928 note) the following:

"(1) A description of all assistance provided under the program established under section 203(a), or otherwise provided by the United States Government to facilitate the transition to full NATO membership of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and other Partnership for Peace countries emerging from communist domination designated pursuant to section 203(d).

"(2) A description, on the basis of information received from the recipients and from NATO, of all assistance provided by other NATO member nations or NATO itself to facilitate the transition to full NATO membership of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and other Partnership for Peace countries emerging from communist domination designated pursuant to section 203(d).".

Treaty, wherein any other European state may, by unanimous agreement, be invited to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty if it is in a position to further the principles of the Treaty and to contribute to the security of the North Atlantic area.

(b) 115 AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT.-The President is authorized to confer, pursuant to agreement with any country eligible to participate in the Partnership for Peace, rights in respect of the military and related civilian personnel (including dependents of any such personnel) and activities of that country in the United States comparable to the rights conferred by that country in respect of the military and related civilian personnel (including dependents of any such personnel) and activities of the United States in that country.

SEC. 515. POLICY TOWARD THAILAND, CAMBODIA, LAOS, AND BURMA. It is the sense of the Congress that—

(1) the creation of a new Cambodian government through United Nations sponsored elections offers a unique opportunity for the revival of the Cambodian nation, an opportunity which the United States should help realize;

(2) the President should enunciate a clear policy toward Burma and, in so doing, be guided by the approach in Senate Resolution 112; 116

(3) the government and people of Thailand are to be commended for Thailand's return to civilian, democratic rule, and for its contribution to the implementation of the Paris Peace Accords on Cambodia;

(4) the President of the United States should convey to Thailand United States concern over the continued support for the Khmer Rouge by elements of the Thai military and to urge the Thai Government to intensify its efforts to terminate that support, in accordance with the Paris Peace Accords;

115 Functions vested in the President in sec. 514(b) were delegated to the Secretary of State (Presidential memorandum of July 26, 1994; 59 F.R. 40205).

116 Senate Resolution 112, agreed to in the Senate May 27, 1993, provided the following: "Urging sanctions to be imposed against the Burmese government, and for other purposes. "Whereas the military junta in Burma known as the State Law and Order Restoration Council (in this preamble referred to as the 'SLORC") brutally suppressed peaceful democratic demonstrations in September 1988;

"Whereas the Senate of the United States has repeatedly condemned and continues its condemnation of the SLORC;

"Whereas the SLORC does not represent the people of Burma, since the people of Burma gave the National League for Democracy a clear victory in the election of May 27, 1990;

"Whereas the SLORC has held Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, a leader of the National League for Democracy and the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for 1991, under house arrest since July 1989;

"Whereas the United Nations Human Rights Commission unanimously adopted on March 5, 1993, a resolution deploring the human rights situation in Burma and the continued arrest of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi; and

"Whereas on March 12, 1992, the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate unanimously stated that (1) the SLORC does not represent the Burmese people and should transfer power to the winners of the 1990 elections, (2) United States military attaché should be withdrawn from Burma, and (3) the United States should oppose United Nations Development Program funding for Burma: Now, therefore, be it

"Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that the President, the Secretary of State, and other United States Government representatives should

"(1) seek the immediate release of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi from arrest and the transfer of power to the winners of the 1990 elections in Burma; and

(2) encourage the adoption by the United Nations Security Council of an arms embargo and other sanctions against the regime of the State Law and Order Restoration Council in

Burma.

"SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Senate shall transmit a copy of this resolution to the President and the Secretary of State.".

(5) the Government of Thailand should continue to allow the democratic leaders of Burma to operate freely within Thailand and to grant them free passage to allow them to present their case at the United Nations and other international gatherings; (6) the President of the United States should urge the Government of Thailand to prosecute, with the full force of law, those responsible for the trafficking, forced labor, and physical and sexual abuse of women and children in Thailand, and to protect the civil and human rights of Burmese women in Thailand and prevent their further victimization; and

(7) the United States should work with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the Government of Thailand, and other relevant parties to ensure that the rights of asylum seekers in Thailand, and in particular the Hmong people from Laos, are fully respected and that force is not used in any repatriations.

SEC. 516. PEACE PROCESS IN NORTHERN IRELAND.

It is the sense of the Congress that the United States should(1) strongly encourage all parties to the conflict in the North of Ireland to renounce violence and to participate in the current search for peace in the region; and

(2) assist in furthering the peace process where appropriate. SEC. 517. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT.

(a) SENATE FINDINGS.-The Senate makes the following findings: (1) The freedom and security of the international community rests on the sanctity of the rule of law.

(2) The international community is increasingly threatened by unlawful acts such as war crimes, genocide, aggression, crimes against humanity, terrorism, drug trafficking, money laundering, and other crimes of an international character.

(3) The prosecution of individuals suspected of carrying out such acts is often impeded by political and legal obstacles such as amnesties, disputes over extradition, differences in the structure and capabilities of national courts, and the lack of uniform guidelines under which to try such individuals.

(4) The war crimes trials held in the aftermath of World War II at Nuremberg, Germany, and Tokyo, Japan, demonstrated that fair and effective prosecution of war criminals could be carried out in an international forum.

(5) Since its inception in 1945 the United Nations has sought to build on the precedent established at the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials by establishing a permanent international criminal court with jurisdiction over crimes of an international char

acter.

(6) United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/39, adopted on December 4, 1989, called on the International Law Commission to study the feasibility of an international criminal court.

(7) In the years after passage of that resolution the International Law Commission has taken a number of steps to advance the debate over such a court, including

(A) the provisional adoption of a draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind;

(B) the creation of a Working Group on an International Criminal Jurisdiction and the formulation by that Working Group of several concrete proposals for the establishment and operation of an international criminal court; and

(C) the determination that an international criminal court along the lines of that suggested by the Working Group is feasible and that the logical next step would be to proceed with the formal drafting of a statute for such

a court.

(8) United Nations General Assembly Resolution 47/33, adopted on November 25, 1992, called on the International Law Commission to begin the process of drafting a statute for an international criminal court at its next session.

(9) Given the developments of recent years, the time is propitious for the United States to lend its support to this effort. (b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Senate that— (1) the establishment of an international criminal court with jurisdiction over crimes of an international character would greatly strengthen the international rule of law;

(2) such a court would thereby serve the interests of the United States and the world community; and

(3) the United States delegation should make every effort to advance this proposal at the United Nations.

(c) REQUIRED REPORT.-Not later than 14 days after the date of enactment of this Act the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a detailed report on developments relating to, and United States efforts in support of, the establishment of an international criminal court with jurisdiction over crimes of an international character.

SEC. 518. INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT PARTICIPATION.

The United States Senate will not consent to the ratification of a treaty providing for United States participation in an international criminal court with jurisdiction over crimes of an international nature which permits representatives of any terrorist organization, including but not limited to the Palestine Liberation Organization, or citizens, nationals or residents of any country listed by the Secretary of State under section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 as having repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism, to sit in judgement 117 on American citi

zens.

SEC. 519. PROTECTION OF FIRST AND FOURTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS. The United States Senate will not consent to the ratification of any Treaty providing for United States participation in an international criminal court with jurisdiction over crimes of an international character unless American citizens are guaranteed, in the terms establishing such a court, and in the court's operation, that the court will take no action infringing upon or diminishing their rights under the First and Fourth Amendments of the Constitution of the United States, as interpreted by the United States.

117 As enrolled. Should read "judgment".

SEC. 520. POLICY ON TERMINATION OF UNITED STATES ARMS EMBARGO.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress makes the following findings:

(1) On July 10, 1991, the United States adopted a policy suspending all licenses and other approvals to export or otherwise transfer defense articles and defense services to Yugoslavia.

(2) On September 25, 1991, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 713, which imposed a mandatory international embargo on all deliveries of weapons and military equipment to Yugoslavia.

(3) The United States considered the policy adopted July 10, 1991, to comply fully with Resolution 713 and therefore took no additional action in response to that resolution.

(4) On January 8, 1992, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 727, which decided that the mandatory arms embargo imposed by Resolution 713 should apply to any independent states that might thereafter emerge on the territory of Yugoslavia.

(5) On February 29 and March 1, 1992, the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina voted in a referendum to declare independence from Yugoslavia.

(6) On April 7, 1992, the United States recognized the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

(7) On May 22, 1992, the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina was admitted to full membership in the United Nations.

(8) Consistent with Resolution 727, the United States has continued to apply the policy adopted July 10, 1991, to independent states that have emerged on the territory of the former Yugoslavia, including Bosnia and Herzegovina.

(9) Subsequent to the adoption of Resolution 727 and Bosnia and Herzegovina's independence referendum, the siege of Sarajevo began and fighting spread to other areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

(10) The Government of Serbia intervened directly in the fighting by providing significant military, financial, and political support and direction to Serbian-allied irregular forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

(11) In statements dated May 1 and May 12, 1992, the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe declared that the Government of Serbia and the Serbian-controlled Yugoslav National Army were committing aggression against the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina and assigned to them prime responsibility for the escalation of bloodshed and destruction.

(12) On May 30, 1992, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 757, which condemned the Government of Serbia for its continued failure to respect the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

(13) Serbian-allied irregular forces have occupied approximately 70 percent of the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, committed gross violations of human rights in the areas they have occupied, and established a secessionist government committed to eventual unification with Serbia.

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