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rently employed in the United Nations Secretariat-who would be replaced over the next 18 months.

(6) According to a report from the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on "Soviet Presence in the United Nations Secretariat" (Senate Print 99-52, May 1985), approximately one-fourth of the Soviets in the United Nations Secretariat are intelligence officers, many more are co-opted by the Soviet intelligence agencies, and all Soviets in the United Nations Secretariat must respond to KGB requests for assist

ance.

(7) Other United States intelligence authorities estimate that as many as one-half of the Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals in the United Nations Secretariat are officers of the KGB or the GRU.

(8) If the Secretary-General's probable exemptions are adopted, the Soviet Union will be allowed to replace retiring Soviet and Soviet-bloc personnel with new, highly skilled and welltrained intelligence officers of the KGB or the GRU.

(9) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions would thus provide the Soviet Union with the capability to rebuild its intelligence apparatus within the United States, which was devastated in recent years when the United States ordered severe reductions in the size of the Soviet mission to the United Nations, the Soviet Embassy in Washington, District of Columbia, and the Soviet Consulate in San Francisco, California.

(10) Article 100 of the United Nations Charter calls for the establishment of an international civil service whose members are neutral and loyal only to the United Nations.

(11) Section 3 of Article 101 of the United Nations Charter calls for the appointment of individuals who are professionally qualified for the positions they are to fill and maintains that due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible.

(12) As of September 1985, 442 of 446 Soviet nationals employed throughout the United Nations system are "seconded", that is, serve on short, fixed-term contracts.

(13) Through the abuse of short, fixed-term contracts, the Soviet Union has maintained undue influence and control over major offices of the United Nations Secretariat, thereby effectively using the United Nations Secretariat in the conduct of its foreign relations, in clear violation of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter.

(14) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions to the hiring freeze (as described in paragraphs (1) through (5)) would continue the gross violations of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter described in paragraph (13).

(15) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions to such hiring freeze would be clearly inconsistent with the terms of the United Nation's self-imposed reform program.

(16) The United Nations has not yet achieved its reform goals and there is no indication that the United Nations can afford to make such large exceptions to such hiring freeze.

(b) 65 SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that

(1) the President should take all such actions necessary to ensure compliance with the hiring freeze rule, including withholding all assessed United States contributions to the United Nations, and denying United States entry visas to Soviet and Soviet-bloc applicants coming to the United States to replace Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals currently serving in the United Nations Secretariat;

(2) the President, through the Department of State and the United States mission to the United Nations, should express to the Secretary-General of the United Nations the insistence of the American people that the hiring freeze continue indefinitely, or until the United Nations has complied with the Group of 18 recommendations and can thus afford to make exceptions to the freeze;

(3) the Secretary-General should revoke all exceptions to the hiring freeze rule, excepting those member-nations which have 15 or fewer nationals serving in the United Nations Secretariat, or those positions not subject to geographical representation, such as those of the general service category;

(4) the long-term, flagrant violations of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter and the abuse of secondment by the Soviet Union and Soviet-bloc member-nations are reprehensible;

(5) the United Nations should adopt the recommendations of the Group of 18 (as referred to in subsection (a)(3)) that no member-nation be allowed to have more than 50 percent of its nationals employed under fixed-term contracts;

(6) the Soviet Union is hereby condemned for

(A) its refusal to adhere to the principles of the United Nations Charter calling for an international civil service, (B) its abuse of secondment, and

(C) its absolute disregard of the solemn purpose of the United Nations to be an international civil service; and (7) if the Soviet Union and the Soviet-bloc intend to remain member-nations of the United Nations, they should adhere to Articles 100, 101, and all other principles of the United Nations Charter to which every other member-nation must adhere.

(c) 65 DEFINITION.-For the purposes of this section, the term "Soviet-bloc" means the countries of Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Nicaragua, North Korea, Poland, and Romania.

SEC. 702. REFORM IN THE BUDGET DECISION-MAKING PROCEDURES OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND ITS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that the consensus based decision-making procedure established by General Assembly Resolution

Sec. 163 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102-138; 105 Stat. 676), struck out subsec. (b), and redesignated subsecs. (c) and (d) as (b) and (c), respectively. Subsec. (b) had required the Secretary of State to report annually to the Congress on the status of secondment within the United Nations by the Soviet Union and Soviet-bloc member-nations.

41/213 is a significant step toward complying with the intent of section 143 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (22 U.S.C. 287e note, 99 Stat. 405), as in effect before the date of enactment of this Act.66

(b) ***

(c) * * *

(d) TERMINATION DATE.-This section shall terminate on September 30, 1989.

SEC. 703. HOUSING ALLOWANCES OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERV

ANTS.

(a) UNITED STATES POLICY.-It is the policy of the United States to seek the implementation by the United Nations of the recommendation by the International Civil Service Commission to deduct from the pay (commonly referred to as a "rental deduction") of an international civil servant the amount of any housing allowance or payment which is provided by any member state to that international civil servant, in accordance with Article 100 of the Charter of the United Nations and regulations thereunder.

(b) UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS.-The United States Ambassador to the United Nations shall seek to promote the adoption of the recommendation described in subsection (a).

SEC. 704.67

SEC. 705.68

SEC. 706. PUBLIC ACCESS TO UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES COMMISSION FILES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) with the passing of time, it is important to document fully Nazi war crimes and crimes against humanity, lest the enormity of those crimes be forgotten; and

(2) the files of the United Nations War Crimes Commission deposited in the archives of the United Nations contain information valuable to our knowledge of the genocidal actions of the Nazis.

(b) POLICY. It is the sense of the Congress that United States policy should be to support access by interested individuals and organizations to the files of the United Nations War Crimes Commission deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

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86 Sec. 143 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987, was repealed in 1991 by sec. 162(e) of Public Law 102-138 (105 Stat. 676).

67 Sec. 704 amended sec. 115(b) of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (Public Law 98-164; 97 Stat. 1017). It suspended United States participation in any organ of the United Nations, with the exception of the United Nations Security Council or the Safeguards Program of the International Atomic Energy Agency, that illegally expels, suspends or denies credentials to Israel.

68 Sec. 705 amended sec. 114(a) of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (Public Law 98-164; 97 Stat. 1017). It limited the United States assessed contribution to the United Nations to the amount assessed less 25 percent of the amount budgeted for the Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories.

SEC. 708. PROTECTION OF TYRE BY THE UNITED NATIONS INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the archaeological site of the ancient city of Tyre is an important part of the heritage of the people of Lebanon and of people everywhere;

(2) war and civil strife threaten the survival of the archaeological site at Tyre;

(3) the purchase of artifacts from Tyre, including purchases allegedly made by troops of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), is encouraging illegal excavation and looting of the Tyre site; and

(4) the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) could best protect the archaeological site of Tyre so as to preserve this treasure for future generations.

(b) EXTENSION OF MANDATE OF UNIFIL.-The Secretary of State should request the Secretary General of the United Nations and the Security Council to extend the mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) to include protection of the archaeological site of the ancient city of Tyre. The Secretary of State is directed to seek an order prohibiting the purchase of any artifact from Tyre by any person associated with the United Nations.

PART B-UNITED STATES COMMISSION ON IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE UNITED NATIONS

SEC. 721.70 ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION.

The United States Commission on Improving the Effectiveness of the United Nations (hereafter in this part referred to as the “Commission") is hereby established.

SEC. 722.70 PURPOSES OF THE COMMISSION.

(a) PURPOSES.-The purposes of the Commission shall be to

(1) examine the United Nations system as a whole and identify and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses; and

(2) prepare and submit to the President and to the Congress recommendations on ways to improve the effectiveness of the United Nations system and the role of the United States in the United Nations system, including the feasibility of and means for implementing such recommendations.

(b) CONSULTATION REGARDING OTHER UNITED NATIONS REFORM EFFORTS.-In carrying out this section, the Commission shall make every effort to consult, where appropriate, with other public and private institutions and organizations engaged in efforts to reform the United Nations system, including efforts being made directly under the auspices of the United Nations.

SEC. 723.70 MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMISSION. (a) MEMBERS.

(1) NUMBER AND APPOINTMENT.-The Commission shall be composed of 16 members, appointed as follows:

*See. 139(19) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103-236; 108 Stat. 398, repealed subsec. (c) of this section, which had required that the Secretary of State report to the chairpersons of the Committees on Foreign Affair and Foreign Relations on progress in implementing this section.

22 USC 287 note

(A) Two Members of the Senate, one appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate and one appointed by the Minority Leader of the Senate.

(B) Two Members of the House of Representatives, one appointed by the Speaker of the House and one appointed by the Minority Leader of the House.

(C) Eight individuals from the private sector, two appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate, two appointed by the Minority Leader of the Senate, two appointed by the Speaker of the House, and two appointed by the Minority Leader of the House.

(D) Four individuals appointed by the President, not more than two of whom may be from the same political party.

(2) CRITERION FOR APPOINTMENTS.-Individuals appointed pursuant to subparagraphs (C) and (D) of paragraph (1) shall be representative, to the maximum extent possible, of the full range of American society.

(3) APPOINTMENTS TO BE MADE PROMPTLY.—All appointments pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be made not later than 60 days. after the effective date of this part.

(4) VACANCIES.-Any vacancy in the membership of the Commission shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.

(b) ADVISORS.-Former United States Permanent Representatives to the United Nations who are not appointed to the Commission shall be invited by the Commission to serve as advisors to the Commission.

(c) COMPENSATION AND TRAVEL EXPENSES.—

(1) COMPENSATION IN GENERAL.-Except as provided in paragraph (2), each member of the Commission may be compensated at not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for grade GS-18 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, for each day during which that member is engaged in the actual performance of the duties of the Commission.

(2) GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL.-Members of the Commission who are full-time officers or employees of the United States or Members of Congress shall receive no additional pay on account of their service on the Commission.

(3) TRAVEL EXPENSES.-While away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission, members of the Commission, and Advisors serving pursuant to subsection (b), shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in the Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703(b) of title 5, United States Code.

(d) CHAIRMAN AND VICE CHAIRMAN.-The Chairman and Vice Chairman shall be elected by the Commission from among members of the Commission.

(e) QUORUM.-Nine members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum for purposes of transacting business, except that four members shall constitute a quorum for holding public hearings.

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