Sidor som bilder
PDF
ePub

SEC. 907. RELEASE OF YANG WEI.

(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following findings:

(1) Yang Wei, a Chinese national, studied at the University of Arizona from 1983 until he received his masters of science degree in microbiology in 1986.

(2) In May 1986 Yang Wei returned to China to marry Dr. Che Shaoli and arrange for funding for his continued studies under a PhD program at the University of Arizona.

(3) On January 11, 1987, while still an official student at the University of Arizona, Yang Wei was arrested by the Shanghai Public Security Bureau.

(4) Yang Wei has been held without charge or trial since January 11, 1987.

(5) Mr. Yang's wife, a student at Baylor Medical College in Houston, Texas, has been refused any information about her husband's whereabouts or condition by Chinese authorities.

(6) Mr. Yang's father, Yang Jue, and his mother Bi Shuyun, have been denied all contact with their son.

(7) The Chinese Criminal Procedure law of 1979, sections 92, 97, 125, and 142 provides for a maximum of four and a half months of detention without charge or trial and Yang Wei has now been held over six months, contrary to Chinese law.

(8) Yang Wei has not committed any crime under United States or Chinese law.

(9) Yang Wei and his wife only aspire to freedom and democracy.

(10) The treatment of Mr. Yang and his family is frightening to all Chinese students now studying in the West and meant to be so by Chinese authorities.

(11) Recently more than two thousand Chinese students signed an open letter to express their concern about recent political developments in their country.

(b) POLICY.-It is the sense of Congress that

(1) the People's Republic of China should immediately release Yang Wei; and

(2) the United States should consider sympathetically applications for asylum from Chinese students studying in the United States who can, on a case-by-case basis, demonstrate a wellfounded fear of persecution.

*

TITLE X-ANTI-TERRORISM ACT OF 1987 82

[blocks in formation]

TITLE XI-GLOBAL CLIMATE PROTECTION 83

82 The text of title X, cited as the "Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987", may be found at page 699. 83 The text of title XI, cited as the "Global Climate Protection Act of 1987", may be found in Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 1994, vol. IV, sec. L.

[blocks in formation]

It is the sense of the Congress that—

(1) the President should continue to express to the government of any country that engages in the harassment of religious groups 88 the deep concern and opposition of the United States with respect to such activities; 89

(2) the governments of all 90 countries should comply with their commitments under the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants on Human Rights, the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Madrid Concluding Document; and 91

SEC. 1205. OBSERVANCE BY THE GOVERNMENT OF ROMANIA OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF HUNGARIANS IN TRANSYLVANIA.

The Congress deplores activities of the Government of the Socialist Republic of Romania restricting the internationally recognized human rights of Hungarians and other nationalities in Transylvania and elsewhere in Romania.

SEC. 1206. SELF-DETERMINATION OF THE PEOPLE FROM THE BALTIC STATES OF ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA.

It is the sense of the Congress that—

(1) the continuing desire and right of the people of the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania for freedom and independence 92 should be recognized; and

84 Sec. 901 of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) struck out sec. 1201, relating to Soviet ballistic missile tests near Hawaii.

85 Sec. 1202, expressing the sense of the Congress regarding emigration of Jews and others who wish to emigrate from the Soviet Union, was repealed by sec. 903(b) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330).

86 Sec. 1203, expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the systematic nondelivery of international mail addressed to certain persons residing within the Soviet Union, was repealed by sec. 902 of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330).

87 Sec. 903(aX1) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) restated the section heading. It formerly read: "UNITED STATES POLICY AGAINST PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS ÎN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE SOVIET UNION.".

88 Sec. 903(aX2XA) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) struck out "governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European countries" and inserted in lieu thereof “government of any country that engages in the harassment of religious groups".

Be Sec. 903(aX2XB) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) struck out "to the harassment of Christians and other religious believers" and inserted in lieu thereof "to such activities".

90 Sec. 903(a)(3) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) struck out "the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European" and inserted in lieu thereof "all". 91 Sec. 903(aX4) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2330) struck out para. (3) following this point, which had provided:

"(3) the governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European countries should immediately cease persecuting individuals on the basis of their faith and should afford Christians and other believers their internationally recognized right to freedom of religion.".

92 Sec. 704 of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2328) struck out "from the Soviet Union" after "independence".

(2) the President should

(A) direct world attention to the right of self-determination of the people of the Baltic States by issuing on July 26, 1988, a statement that officially informs all member nations of the United Nations of the support of the United States for self-determination of all peoples and nonrecognition of the forced incorporation of the Baltic States into the Soviet Union;

(B) call attention to violations of internationally recognized human rights in the Baltic States; and

(C) promote compliance with the human rights and humanitarian provisions of the Helsinki Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in the Baltic States.

SEC. 1207. ASSISTANCE IN SUPPORT OF DEMOCRACY IN POLAND. (a) SUPPORT FOR SOLIDARITY.-It is the sense of the Congress that

(1) Solidarity deserves special praise and recognition as the only free and independent trade union in Poland;

(2) Solidarity reflects the Polish people's desire for free and democratic institutions and activities; and

(3) Solidarity is one of the leading democratic representatives of the Polish working people.

(b) ASSISTANCE IN SUPPORT OF DEMOCRACY IN POLAND.-Notwithstanding any other provision of law, of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the economic support fund) for fiscal year 1988, not less than $1,000,000 shall be available only for the unconditional support of democratic institutions and activities in Poland.

PART B-LATIN AMERICA AND CUBA

SEC. 1211. CUBAN HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS AND THE FAILURE OF THE UNITED NATIONS TO PLACE CUBA ON ITS HUMAN RIGHTS AGENDA.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations, states in paragraph 2 of Article 13 that "Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country";

(2) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states in Article 19 that "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers";

(3) the Government of Cuba has violated the Cuban people's internationally recognized human rights, including freedom of movement, emigration, opinion, and expression;

(4) Cuban human rights violations are a major obstacle to improved United States-Cuban relations; and

(5) the United Nations Human Rights Commission has acted selectively in addressing human rights violations in various

countries and has failed to place Cuba on its agenda despite overwhelming evidence of the continuing disregard and systematic abuse of internationally recognized human rights by the Government of Cuba.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS-It is the sense of the Congress that(1) the Government of Cuba should respect internationally recognized human rights, including freedom of movement, emigration, opinion, and expression; and

(2) the United States delegation to the United Nations should continue its commendable efforts to bring this issue before the attention of the United Nations and to place Cuban human rights abuses on the agenda of the United Nations Human Rights Commission.

(c) DISTRIBUTION OF TEXT TO U.N. MEMBERS.-The Secretary of State shall cause the text of this section to be circulated by the United States among the members of the United Nations in order to highlight Cuba's behavior in violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

SEC. 1212. PARTIAL LIFTING OF THE TRADE EMBARGO AGAINST NICARAGUA.

It is the sense of Congress that the President should exempt from the trade embargo against Nicaragua those items which would benefit Nicaragua's independent print and broadcast media, private sector and trade union groups, nongovernmental service organizations, and the democratic civic opposition.

SEC. 1213. TERRORIST BOMBING IN HONDURAS, (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) a terrorist bomb exploded on August 8, 1987, in the China Palace restaurant in Comayagua, Honduras;

(2) the bomb was directed at American soldiers and did in fact wound American soldiers and an American contractor;

(3) the United States military personnel were in Honduras assigned to Joint Task Force Bravo;

(4) Honduran authorities have named Alfonso Guerrero Ulloa as a suspect in this act of terrorism and have a warrent for his arrest;

(5) the Government of Mexico, contrary to accepted norms of international law on harboring terrorists, bas granted asylum to Mr. Guerrero; and

(6) the United States Government has protested to the Government of Mexico.

(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY-It is the sense of the Congrest that-(1) the United States Congress deplores the harboring of international terrorists, and

(2) the United States Government should call upon the Government of Mexico to turn Mr. Guerrero over to the Government of Honduras.

SEC. 1214. HUMAN RIGHTS IN PARAGUAY.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the Government of Faraguay systematically has violated the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens;

(2) various provisions of Paraguayan law provide for the detention of individuals without trial for an indefinite period of time;

(3) the police authorities in Paraguay arbitrarily arrest and detain individuals; and

(4) the police authorities have tortured and abused prisoners, resulting in the death of a number of detainees.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-The Congress expresses its outrage at the human rights abuses specified in subsection (a), pledges to continually speak out against all governments which commit such abuses, and urges the Government of Paraguay to respect the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens.

PART C-AFRICA

SEC. 1221. HUMAN RIGHTS IN ETHIOPIA.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the Government of Ethiopia has systematically violated the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens;

(2) the Government of Ethiopia holds large numbers of political prisoners and regularly detains without trial many other political opponents of the government;

(3) the Government of Ethiopia engages in torture and illtreatment of political prisoners;

(4) reliable reports indicate that many political opponents of the Government of Ethiopia "disappear" and that approximately sixty political prisoners were executed in October 1985 without benefit of trial; and

(5) over one million Ethiopians have fled the country.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-The Congress expresses its outrage at the human rights abuses specified in subsection (a), pledges to continually speak out against all governments which commit such abuses, and urges the Government of Ethiopia to respect the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens.

SEC. 1222.93 UNITED STATES POLICY ON ANGOLA. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) it is in the interest of peace and economic development in southern Africa for the President and the Secretary of State to discuss the conflict in Angola with Soviet leaders;

(2) the President has stated that the resolution of regional conflicts such as Angola, Afghanistan, and Nicaragua is critical to improvements in Soviet-American relations;

(3) the proposed summit between President Reagan and Secretary General Gorbachev provides the United States with an

83 Sec. 103(c) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2320), relating to statutory provisions applicable to the Soviet Union, provided the following:

"(c) FINDINGS AND AFFIRMATION.—The Congress finds and affirms that provisions such as those described in this section, including-* * *

"(3) section 1222 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 Stat. 1411), *

"should not be construed as being directed against Russia, Ukraine, or the other independent states of the former Soviet Union, connoting an adversarial relationship between the United States and the independent states, or signifying or implying in any manner unfriendliness toward the independent states.".

For complete list of related statutes, see sec. 103 of the FRIENDSHIP Act, in Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 1994, vol. I-B.

« FöregåendeFortsätt »