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(2) the Soviet Union has not adhered to its obligation undertaken in the 1945 Yalta agreement to guarantee free elections in the countries involved, specifically the pledge for the "earliest possible establishment of free elections of government responsive to the wills of the people and to facilitate where necessary the holding of such elections";

(3) the strong desire of the people of Central and Eastern Europe to exercise their national sovereignty and self-determination and to resist Soviet domination has been demonstrated on many occasions since 1945, including armed resistance to the forcible Soviet takeover of the Baltic Republics and resistance in the Ukraine as well as in the German Democratic Republic in 1953, in Hungary in 1956, in Czechoslovakia in 1968, and in Poland in 1956, 1970, and since 1980;

(4) it is appropriate that the United States express the hopes of the people of the United States that the people of Central and Eastern Europe be permitted to exercise their national sovereignty and self-determination free from Soviet interference; and

(5) it is appropriate for the United States to reject any interpretation or application that, as a result of the signing of the 1945 Yalta executive agreements, the United States accepts and recognizes in any way Soviet hegemony over the countries of Eastern Europe.

(b) POLICY. (1) The United States does not recognize as legitimate any spheres of influence in Europe and it reaffirms its refusal to recognize such spheres in the present or in the future, by repudiating any attempts to legitimize the domination of East European nations by the Soviet Union through the Yalta executive agree

ment.

(2) The United States proclaims the hope that the people of Eastern Europe shall again enjoy the right to self-determination within a framework that will sustain peace, that they shall again have the right to choose a form of government under which they shall live, and that the sovereign rights of self-determination shall be restored to them in accordance with the pledge of the Atlantic Charter and with provisions of the United Nations Charter 51 and the Helsinki Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; 52

SEC. 805.53*** [Repealed-1993]

SEC. 806. DEMOCRACY ON TAIWAN.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) peace has prevailed in the Taiwan Strait since the normalization of relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China;

(2) the United States expects the future of Taiwan to be settled peacefully and considers a secure Taiwan free from external threat an indispensable element for the island's further democratization and a goal set forth in the Taiwan Relations Act;

6155 Stat. 1600.

6259 Stat. 1031.

63 Sec. 903(c) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103–199; 107 Stat. 2330) repealed sec. 805, relating to treatment in the Soviet Union of pentecostals.

(3) the authorities on Taiwan are striving to achieve greater democracy at the local level;

(4) an increasing number of native Taiwanese have been appointed to responsible positions at the provincial and national level on Taiwan;

(5) martial law measures tend to impede progress toward democracy and to abridge guarantees of human rights;

(6) movement toward greater democracy on Taiwan serves to bolster continued American public support for the moral and legal responsibilities set forth in the Taiwan Relations Act; 54 (7) the United States, in the Taiwan Relations Act, has reaffirmed as a national objective the preservation and enhancement of the human rights of all the people on Taiwan; and

(8) the United States considers democracy a fundamental human right. (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is therefore the sense of the Congress that

(1) one important element of a peaceful future for Taiwan is greater participation in the political process by all the people on Taiwan; and

(2) accordingly, the United States should encourage the authorities on Taiwan, in the spirit of the Taiwan Relations Act, to work vigorously toward this end.

SEC. 807. INCREASE UNITED STATES-CHINA TRADE. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the People's Republic of China has made substantial progress in promoting market-oriented practices throughout the Chinese economy;

(2) the Chinese economy has responded to this increased liberalization with record growth that last year alone resulted in increases in the real gross national product of an estimated 13 percent;

(3) this growth has created significant new demand for a vast array of products and services that can be met by American producers;

(4) United States trade with the People's Republic of China totalled only $6,000,000,000 in 1984 and was again in deficit by more than $50,000,000;

(5) increased exports are essential to the creation of American jobs and to the vitality of the American economy; and

(6) the People's Republic of China represents the world's largest potential market.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that, consistent with overall American foreign policy and national security objectives, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce should take appropriate steps to increase United StatesChina trade with a view to improving the trade balance, increasing American jobs through export growth, and assuring significant United States participation in the growing Chinese market.

64 22 U.S.C. 3301 note.

SEC. 809. REFUGEES IN THAILAND.

(a) APPRECIATION FOR THE RESPONSE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THAILAND.-The Congress recognizes and expresses appreciation for the extraordinary willingness of the Government of Thailand to respond in a humanitarian way to the influx of refugees fleeing Vietnamese communist oppression.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that(1) Cambodians, Laotians, and Vietnamese seeking asylum and refuge in Thailand should not be involuntarily repatriated or otherwise put at risk; and

(2) every effort should be made to provide increased security for refugees in camps in Thailand which should include an increased presence by international humanitarian organizations. (c) REVIEW OF CERTAIN CAMBODIAN REFUGEES.

(1) The Secretary of State should

(A) work with the Government of Thailand and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to conduct a review of the status of Cambodians who have not been permitted to register at refugee camps in Thailand; and

(B) implement a humanitarian solution to their plight. (2) The Secretary of State, with the assistance of appropriate agencies, should conduct a review of those Cambodians who have been rejected for admission to the United States to ensure such decisions are consistent with the letter and spirit of United States refugee and immigration law.

(3) The Secretary of State, with the assistance of appropriate agencies, should institute as expeditiously as possible a family reunification program for those refugees in Thailand, including those at the border who have family members in the United States.

(4) The Secretary of State should provide for a program of educational assistance for Cambodians in the border camps and for improved literacy training in all camps.

SEC. 810. POLICY REGARDING FOREIGN EXCHANGE INTERVENTION.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds and declares that

(1) the trade deficit looms larger than any other threat to the ability of the United States to generate jobs and create economic well-being;

(2) the trade deficit continues to deteriorate even from the 1984 level of $123,000,000,000;

(3) the trade deficit will continue to deteriorate until the value of the dollar declines on foreign exchange markets;

(4) the dollar's rise may slow down but is unlikely to fall sufficiently as a result of Congress' contemplated budget deficit reduction measures;

(5) the value of the dollar would probably fall under a number of tax reform proposals but industries losing market share due to the exchange rate may not be able to wait for a complete tax package;

(6) the only remaining timely option for lowering the value of the dollar is intervention in foreign exchange markets by the Secretary of the Treasury or the Federal Reserve Board;

(7) any such intervention must be strong enough to achieve the intent of the Congress of lowering the dollar's value but sufficiently moderate to prevent a sudden drop in its value;

(8) any such intervention in order to assure a gradual decline and protect against too large a drop in the value of the dollar, will require coordinated action by the central banks of Europe and Japan as well as the United States; and

(9) such coordination is especially important to strengthen economic and political ties with the allies of the United States and to promote consistent macroeconomic policies to the mutual benefit of all. (b) SENSE OF Congress.-Therefore, it is the sense of the Congress that

(1) the Secretary of the Treasury and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, in concert with United States allies and coordinated with the central banks of the Group of Five or other major central banks, should take such steps as are necessary to lower gradually the value of the dollar;

(2) such steps should not exclude intervention in the foreign exchange markets;

(3) the Secretary of the Treasury and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board should work to ensure that the domestic macroeconomic policies of the United States and its allies are forged to reinforce rather than oppose one another.

SEC. 811. COMMENDING MAYOR TEDDY KOLLEK OF JERUSALEM. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) Mayor Teddy Kollek has worked to promote harmony among all the people of Jerusalem; and

(2) he has promoted freedom of access to religious shrines for Muslims, Christians, and Jews; and

(3) through his efforts the aesthetic character of the city has been enhanced.

(b) COMMENDATION.-Therefore, the Congress commends Mayor Kollek for his efforts over the years.

SEC. 812.55 JAPAN-UNITED STATES SECURITY RELATIONSHIP AND EFFORTS BY JAPAN TO FULFILL SELF-DEFENSE RESPONSIBILITIES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress hereby finds

(1) the Japan-United States security relationship is the foundation of the peace and security of Japan and the Far East, as well as a major contributor to the protection of the United States and of the democratic freedoms and economic prosperity enjoyed by both the United States and Japan;

(2) the threats to our two democracies have increased significantly since 1976, principally through the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the expansion of Soviet armed forces in the Far East, the invasion of Cambodia by Vietnam, and the instability in the Persian Gulf region as signified by the continuing IranIraq conflict;

56 22 U.S.C. 1928 note. Sec. 139(14) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103-236; 108 Stat. 398), repealed subsec. (c) of this section, which had required that the President report annually on Japan's progress toward fulfilling its common defense commitment.

(3) in recognition of these and other threats, the United States has greatly increased its annual defense spending through sustained real growth averaging 8.8 percent yearly between fiscal 1981 and 1985, and cumulative real growth of 50 percent in that period;

(4) the United States Government appreciates the May 1981 commitment by the Prime Minister of Japan that, pursuant to the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security of 1960 between Japan and the United States, Japan,56 on its own initiative, would seek to make even greater efforts for improving its defense capabilities, and pursuant to Japan's own Constitution, it was national policy for his country to acquire and maintain the self-defense forces adequate for the defense of its land area and surrounding airspace and sealanes, out to a distance of 1,000 miles;

(5) the United States Government applauds the policy of Japan to obtain the capabilities to defend its sea and air lanes out to 1,000 miles, expects that these capabilities should be acquired by the end of the decade, and recognizes that achieving those capabilities would significantly improve the national security of both Japan and the United States;

(6) the United States Government appreciates the contribution already made by Japan through the Host Nation Support Program and its recent efforts to increase its defense spending; and

(7) Japan, however, in recent years consistently has not provided sufficient funding and resources to meet its self-defense needs and to meet common United States-Japan defense objectives and alliance responsibilities.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that Japan, to fulfill its self-defense responsibilities pursuant to the 1960 Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaty with the United States, and in accordance with the national policy declaration made by its Prime Minister in May 1981, to develop a 1,000-mile airspace and sealanes defense capability, should implement a 1986-1990 Mid-Term Defense Plan containing sufficient funding, program acquisition, and force development resources to obtain the agreedupon 1,000 mile self-defense capabilities by the end of the decade, including the allocation of sufficient budgetary resources annually to reduce substantially the ammunition, logistics, and sustainability shortfalls of its self-defense forces.

SEC. 813.57*** (Repealed-1993]

SEC. 814.58 UNITED STATES SENATE CAUCUS ON INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL.59

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established the United States Senate Caucus on International Narcotics Control (hereafter in this section referred to as the "Caucus").59

56 11 UST 1632.

57 Sec. 501(e) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2326) repealed sec. 813, relating to U.S.-Soviet diplomatic equivalence and reciprocity.

58 22 U.S.C. 2291 note.

Continued

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