LANGUAGE TRAINING FOR FOREIGN SERVICE SPOUSES SEC. 414.16 It is the sense of Congress that, in order to increase the effectiveness of United States diplomatic representation abroad, the Secretary of State should make greater use of his authority under section 701 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 in order to increase the language training opportunities available to the family members of Foreign Service personnel. TITLE V-MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS SEC. 501.17 * ** [Repealed-1982] BELGRADE CONFERENCE SEC. 502. The Congress finds that the Belgrade Conference to review compliance with the Helsinki Accords provides the United States an important forum to press its case for greater respect for human rights. Furthermore, the Congress is convinced that the emphasis given human rights in general by the United States should be translated into concern for specific individuals. In this regard, the Congress is particularly concerned about the fate of Anatoly Shcharansky and urges the United States representatives to the Belgrade Conference to express the official concern of the United States over the Shcharansky case. UNITED NATIONS REFORM SEC. 503.18 The United States should make a major effort toward reforming and restructuring the United Nations system so that it might become more effective in resolving global problems. Toward that end, the United States should present a program for United Nations reform to the Special United Nations Committee on the Charter of the United Nations and on Strengthening of the Role of the Organization. In developing such a program the United States should give appropriate consideration to various possible proposals for reforming the United Nations, including but not limited to proposals which would (1) adjust decisionmaking processes in the United Nations by providing voting in the General Assembly weighted according to population and contributions and by modifying veto powers on certain categories of questions, such as membership recommendations, in the Security Council; (2) foster greater use of the International Court of Justice by the United States and other members of the United Nations; 1622 U.S.C. 1041 note. Sec. 505(a)(3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299) repealed subsec. (b) of this section which had required a report from the Secretary of State on increased language training opportunity for the families of Foreign Service personnel. The Secretary submitted this report on December 20, 1977. 17 Sec. 501, which had required a report from the President containing recommendations for reorganizing the international information, education, cultural, and broadcasting activities of the United States, was repealed by sec. 505(a)(3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299). The President submitted this report on October 31, 1977. 18 Sec. 505(a)(3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299) repealed subsec. (b) of this section which had required a report from the President on recommendations for reform in the United Nations. The President submitted this report on March 7, 1978. (3) supplement United Nations finances through contributions from commerce, services, and resources regulated by the United Nations; (4) improve coordination of and expand United Nations activities on behalf of human rights; (5) establish more effective United Nations machinery for the peaceful settlement of disputes, including means for the submission of differences to mediation or arbitration; (6) adjust assessment scale calculations to reflect more accurately the actual ability of member nations to contribute to the United Nations and its specialized agencies; and (7) provide greater coordination of United Nations technical assistance activities by the United Nations Development program. INFORMATION OFFICES IN THE UNITED STATES SEC. 504. It is the sense of the Congress that any foreign country should be allowed to maintain an information office in the United States if maintenance of such office is consistent with United States law. REPARATIONS FOR VIETNAM SEC. 505.19 The President shall continue to take all possible steps to obtain a final accounting of all Americans missing in action in Vietnam. PANAMA CANAL SEC. 506. Any new Panama Canal treaty or agreement negotiated with funds appropriated under this Act must protect the vital interests of the United States in the Canal Zone and in the operation, maintenance, property, and defense of the Panama Canal. UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT SEC. 507. (a) The President shall take appropriate steps to ensure that, at all stages of the United Nations Conference on Science and Technology for Development, representatives of the United States place important emphasis, in both official statements and informal discussions, on the development and use of light capital technologies in agriculture, in industry, and in the production and conservation of energy. (b) As used in this section, the term "light capital technologies" means those means of production which economize on capital wherever capital is scarce and expensive and labor abundant and cheap, the purposes being to insure that the increasingly scarce capital in the world can be stretched to help all, rather than a small minority, of the world's poor; that workers will not be displaced by sophisticated labor-saving devices where there is already much un 19 22 U.S.C. 2151 note. Sec. 505(a)(3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299) repealed subsec. (a) of this section which had prohibited the use of any funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act for reparations, aid, or any other form of payment to Vietnam. employment; and further, that, poor nations can be encouraged eventually to produce their own capital from surplus labor time, thus enhancing their chances of developing independently of outside help. FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT SEC. 509. (a)-(c) 20*** [Repealed-1982] (d)(1) Section 1032 of title 10, United States Code, is repealed.21 (2) The section analysis for chapter 53 of such title is amended by striking out the item relating to section 1032. (3) Section 280 of such title is amended by striking out "1032,”. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESERVE SEC. 510.22 (a) The Congress finds and declares that— (1) half a billion people suffer from malnutrition or undernutrition; (2) very modest shortfalls in crop production can result in widespread human suffering; (3) increasing variability in world food production and trade remains an ever-present threat to producers and consumers; (4) the World Food Conference recognized the urgent need for an international undertaking on world food security based largely upon strategic food reserves; (5) the nations of the world have agreed to begin discussions on a system of grain reserves to regulate food availability; (6) the Congress through legislation has repeatedly urged the President to enter negotiations with other nations to establish such a network of grain reserves; (7) little progress has resulted from the initial multilateral discussions toward the negotiation of an international grain reserve system; (8) this lack of progress caused, in part, by lack of leadership in such discussions; and (9) the United States is in a unique position as the world's most important producer of foodstuffs to provide such leadership. 20 Public Law 97-295 (96 Stat. 1304) made technical amendments to the text of secs. 509(a) through (c), codified it at 37 U.S.C. 908, and repealed the existing language of secs. 509(a) through (c). 37 U.S.C. 908, as amended, reads as follows: "§908. Employment of reserves and retired members by foreign governments "(a) CONGRSSIONAL CONSENT.-Subject to subsection (b) of this section, Congress consents to the following persons accepting civil employment (and compensation for that employment) for which the consent of Congress is required by the last paragraph of section 9 of article I of the Constitution, related to acceptance of emoluments, offices, or titles from a foreign government: "(1) Retired members of the uniformed services. “(2) Members of a reserve component of the armed forces. "(3) Members of the Commissioned Reserve Corps of the Public Health Service. "(b) APPROVAL REQUIRED.—A person described in subsection (a) of this section may accept employment or compensation described in that subsection only if the Secretary concerned and the Secretary of State approve the employment. "(c) MILITARY SERVICE IN FOREIGN ARMED FORCES.-For a provision of law providing the consent of Congress to service in the military forces of certain foreign nations, see section 1060 of title 10.". 21 10 U.S.C. 1032 granted congressional consent of foreign employment to reserve officers of the Armed Forces only. 22 22 U.S.C. 2220 note. (b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President should initiate a major diplomatic initiative toward the creation of an international system of nationally held grain reserves which provides for supply assurance to consumers and income security to producers. NEGOTIATIONS WITH CUBA SEC. 511. (a) It is the sense of the Congress that any negotiations toward the normalization of relations with Cuba be conducted in a deliberate manner and on a reciprocal basis, and that the vital concerns of the United States with respect to the basic rights and interests of United States citizens whose persons or property are the subject of such negotiations be protected. (b) Furthermore, it is the sense of Congress that the Cuban policies and actions regarding the use of its military and paramilitary personnel beyond its borders and its disrespect for the human rights of individuals are among the elements which must be taken into account in any such negotiations. UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARD KOREA SEC. 512.23 (a) The Congress declares that (1) United States policy toward Korea should continue to be arrived at by joint decision of the President and the Congress; (2) in any implementation of the President's policy of gradual and phased reduction of United States ground forces from the Republic of Korea, the United States should seek to accomplish such reduction in stages consistent with United States interests in Asia, notably Japan, and with the security interests of the Republic of Korea; (3) any implementation of this policy should be carried out with a careful regard to the interest of the United States in continuing its close relationship with the people and government of Japan, in fostering democratic practices in the Republic of Korea, and in maintaining stable relations among the countries of East Asia; and (4) these interests can be served most effectively by a policy which involves consultations by the United States Government, as appropriate, with the governments of the region, particularly those directly involved. (b)(1) 24 Any implementation of the foregoing policy shall be carried out in regular consultation with the Congress. SEC. 513.25*** [Repealed-1982] INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION SEC. 514. (a) Section 2(2) of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize conclusion of an agreement with Mexico for joint measures for solu 23 22 U.S.C. 2428a. 24 Sec. 139(5) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103-236; 108 Stat. 398), repealed para. (2) of this subsec., which had required that the President report annually on the implementation of the policy outlined in this section. 25 Sec. 513, which had requested the Secretary of State to report at an appropriate date to Congress on procedures followed by the executive branch in preparation for the U.N. special session on disarmament and on U.S. objectives for that special session, was repealed by Sec. 505(aX3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299). tion of the Lower Rio Grande salinity problem," approved September 19, 1966 (22 U.S.C. 277d-31), is amended by inserting immediately after "$25,000" the following: "based on estimated calendar year 1976 costs, plus or minus such amounts as may be justified by reason of ordinary fluctuations in operation and maintenance costs involved therein,". (b) Section 3 of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize the conclusion of agreements with Mexico for joint construction, operation, and maintenance of emergency flood control works on the lower Colorado River, in accordance with the provisions of article 13 of the 1944 Water Treaty with Mexico, and for other purposes", approved August 10, 1964 (22 U.S.C. 277d-28), is amended by inserting immediately after "$30,000" the following: "based on December 1975 prices, plus or minus such amounts as may be justified by reason of ordinary fluctuations in operation and maintenance costs involved therein,". (c) Section 103 of the American-Mexican Treaty Act of 1950 (22 U.S.C. 277d-3) is amended by striking out "$100 per diem" in the second sentence and inserting in lieu thereof "the maximum daily rate for grade GS-15 of the General Schedule". (d) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on October 1, 1977. FOREIGN GIFTS AND DECORATIONS SEC. 515. (a) 26 * * * (b)(1) After September 30, 1977, no appropriated funds, other than funds from the "Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service" account of the Department of State, may be used to purchase any tangible gift of more than minimal value (as defined in section 7342(a)(5) of title 5, United States Code) for any foreign individual unless such gift has been approved by the Congress. (2) Beginning October 1, 1977, the Secretary of State shall annually transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report containing details on (1) any gifts of more than minimal value purchased with appropriated funds which were given to a foreign individual during the previous fiscal year, and (2) any other gifts of more than minimal value given by the United States Government to a foreign individual which were not obtained using appropriated funds. 26 Subsec. (a) comprehensively amended 5 U.S.C. 7342, entitled, “Receipt and disposition of foreign gifts and decorations". |