mon use of "fnuffing" for fouff-taking. This author has been injudicious enough to follow his example, neither does he seem much behind his predeceffor in the coarfe and indelicate terms in which he heaps abuse on the poor plant.

Should any of our tobacco-loving readers be defirous of hearing the oppofite party, they may, perhaps, not think their time mif spent by turning to Bayle's Dictionary, article Santa Croce; where they will find the virtues of tobacco celebrated in the highest style of panegyric, in a copy of verses by Caftor Duranti.

BOTANY.

Art. 23. Flora Caroliniana, fecundum Syftema Vegetabilium perilluftris Linnæi digefta; Characteres effentiales naturalefve et differentias veras exhibens, &c. Auctore Thomas Walter, Agricola. 8vo. 6s. Boards. Wenman. 1788.

The cultivation of botany has been promoted by various means, but, perhaps, by none more fuccefsfully than by publishing Flora of different countries and climates. In thefe publications, it is ufual, not only to give a minute defcription of every indigenous plant, but to enlarge on their various ufes, to fpecify the fituations in which they naturally best thrive, and add fuch general remarks as may be ferviceable to the gardener and the farmer. Linné, in his Syftema Naturæ, gives only the characteristic marks of every plant, fo that each may be ditinguished from the reft; leaving all other parts of the extenfive fcience to be inferted in the particular works to which they belong. Thus, in his Flora Suecica, and the Flora Lapponica, he has carefully collected the fynonyms, marked the stations, and recorded the feveral properties of each plant; he has alio added the various ufes of each individual, whether medical, culinary, or economical; and has fubjoined whatever remarks he himself had made, or could collect from preceding writers of good authority, respecting the culture of the plant either in the garden or field.

We are under the difagreeable neceflity of informing our readers, that we fuppofe none of thefe particulars have been attended to by the author of the Flora Caroliniana: we have formed this fuppofition, because they are not noticed in the prefent publication, which confifts only of the generic and specific characters of the native plants of Carolina; even the duration of the plant is omitted, except in a few cafes where it forms a fpecific diftinction.

Several new genera are added, but most of them are without names; and the fpecific characters of the new fpecies are, for the most part, unfcientific. In fupport of this criticifm, we fhall tranfcribe the following characters of two new fpecies of convolvulus*:

Humiftratus, caule tereti proftrato pilofo; foliis fubfeffilibus, oblongo-ovatis, utrinque emarginatis, nervo accuminatis, alternis; pedunculis axillaribus folio longioribus trifidis, laciniis lateralibus

The author makes three divifions of this genus, viz. 1. Caule wolubili. 2. Caule proftrato. And, 3. Stylo bifido. The two fpecies, bumiftratus and aquaticus, belong to the fecond divifion, though the author has placed them in the third. 8

bifloris,

bifloris, media uniflora; corolla alba, parva; ftylo ad medietatem bifido; ftigmatibus parvis.

Aquaticus caule tereti proftrato, foliis, petiolis brevibus, oblongis, nervo acuminatis, pubefcentibus alternis; pedunculis axillaribus, unifloris, folia æquantibus; bracteis duabus fubulatis; calyce pentaphyllo tomentofo; floribus brevibus rubro-purpureis, tomentofis ; ftylo bipartito; capfula villofa.'

A fcientific, fpecific, character, fhould contain nothing fuperfluous; nor fhould either colour or fize be admitted. The direction of the stalk fhould have preceded its figure; and the fituation of the leaves should be noticed before their infertion, figure, top, or furface.

Many more inftances might be produced, where the characters are improperly drawn.

The only fervice which the prefent performance can afford the botauft, is, that the names of fome of the Carolinian plants are here pointed out. Whether the genera, which the author calls new, be really fo, it is impoffible to determine without an inspection of the plants. Ample defcriptions of them ought to be given; for, as they ftand at prefent, it is impoffible to know, in many inftances, whether the new-defcribed fubjects are trees, fhrubs, or herbs.

Art. 24 A Botanical Drawing Book, or, an eafy Introduction to drawing Flowers according to Nature. By James Sowerby. 45. coloured White. 1789.

While the larger botanical works, calculated to inform the mind, are carrying on by the profeffors of the feience, Mr. Sowerby fteps forward, willing to facilitate the mode of communication. The aid of the painter is always acceptable to the ftudent in natural history. In this work, the elements of botanical drawing are clearly difplayed. All the feveral parts of fructification are feparately exhibited, so that a person who is not a professed botanist, might foon enable himself to draw botanically. Botanical drawing is an art of a very particular kind-Mr. Sowerby juftly ranks at the head of this line, and we do not fcruple to recommend his performance as worthy of him. This work, we are informed, was originally defigned for the ufe of his pupils.

THEOLOGY and POLEMICS.

Art. 25. Two Difcourfes preached in the Chapel of the Afylum for Female Orphans, March 8, 1789. By the Rev. S. Hopkinfon, A. M. late Fellow of Clare-Hall, Cambridge, Rector of Etton, and Curate of Chrift Church, Surry. 4to. pp. 27. 1S. Deighton, &c.

The fubjects of thefe difcourfes are important, and well adapted to the occafion and place where they were delivered. They are compofed with care and attention, and cannot fail to please those who read them with the fame fpirit with which they are written.

The first contains very ferious and just reflections on human life, and bespeaks a mind well informed with the knowlege of the fcriptures, and deeply impreffed with a rational piety. It concludes with a warm, and at the fame time a modeft address to the guardians of the Afylum.

The

The fecond difcourfe fhews the great advantage of good example in general, and recommends that of our Saviour in particular, whofe principal defign was the reformation and happiness of mankind.' It proves by a variety of arguments drawn from history, and well illuftrated by our Lord's example, the great importance and utility of the injunction in the text, "Let your light fo fhine before men, &c."The author then proceeds to point out that part of his difcourfe which he fuppofes gave offence to the Methodists; but which he justly maintains to be the genuine doctrine of holy writ, and that they who diffent from this doctrine, or are difgufted at it, plainly fhew that they do not understand the true fenfe and meaning of the fcriptures. He concludes this difcourfe with an affectionate, pious, and fenfible addrefs to the orphans of the Afylum.

On the whole, thefe difcourfes of Mr. Hopkinfon juftly merit our commendation, being written with what muft ever pleafe the judicious. reader, modefty, fimplicity, and earnestness.

[The above was fent to us by a friend; who, we hope, will excufe the omiffion of theextracts, for which we could not make room.] Art. 26. The Worship of Jefus Chrift, as the true God of Heaven and Earth, vindicated; in an Addrefs to the Inhabitants of Cambridge and Canterbury in particular, and to the Chriftian World in general. By J. Hodfon, M. D 8vo. pp. 55. 6d. Dighton.

In oppofition to the herefy of Mr. Frend, Jefus Christ is here maintained to be the only God of heaven and earth, in whose person is united. a Trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft, and that he only is to be worshipped, because it is impoffible to pray to, or worship a Being without parts, without body, without form, an invifible God, of whom we have no idea: whoever worships a God of love, must behold him in a human form, that being the most perfect, and the most lovely.'

There are readers among our fectaries, and even fome who are of the Established Church, who will fee no abfurdity in Dr. Hodson's hypothefis.

Art. 27. A fummary View of the Grounds of Chriftian Baptism; with a more particular Reference to the Baptifm of Infants: Containing Remarks, argumentative and critical, in Explanation and Defence of the Rite. To which is added, a Form of Service made use of on fuch Occafions. By John Palmer. 8vo. pp. 81. 2s. Dilly. 1788.

A plain and ufeful treatise, which, if it advances little that may be deemed new, offers, in a fhort compafs, what is fufficient to fatisfy the mind with regard to the practice of infant-baptifm, or to convince those who cannot concur in it, that there is no room for confidence, but great scope for the exercife of Chriftian charity. -The fcriptural form of words ufed in this ordinance is thus paraphrafed by Mr. Palmer, I baptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghoft;' understanding our Lord to mean in these words, and in which fenfe I now use them I baptize thee into the divine religion, which we have been taught of God, by his Son Jefus Chrift; and to which God hath borne witnefs, with divers miracles and gifts of the Holy Spirit, according to his own will.' The author confiders infant-baptifm as a very reasonable and useful,

as well as a decent fervice: to those who may think he has made too little of the defigned end of the inftitution, he replies, that he has made as much of it, as he could any where find to be warranted in the fcriptures.

Art. 28. A Comment on the Apostles' Creed, for the Use of unlearned Chriftians. By the Rev. Edward Holmes, M. A. Master of Scorton School. 12mo. pp. 31. 6d. fewed. Longman. 1788.

The unlearned are here furnished with a sensible, candid, and intelligible explanation of the Apoftles' creed. In fpeaking of the perfon of Chrift, Mr. H. leans toward the Arian hypothefis; and treats the notion of the diftin&t fubfiftence of the Spirit as a third perfon in the Trinity, and God equal with the Father, as unintelligible jargon.

Art. 29. Methodism unmasked: or, a Letter to an old Gentleman, who had amply imbibed the very Effence of Hypocrify; being in reply to Letters addreffed to a young Gentleman who had early imbibed the Principles of Infidelity. 8vo. pp. 29. 1s. Riebeau. 1789.

We learn nothing more from this ftrange publication, than that a young man is very much difpleafed with an old gentleman, for having published, without his permiflion, his juvenile thoughts against revelation, and, in revenge, choofes to republish them himself. Art. 30. Extracts, in Illustration of the probationary Sermons preached at the Afylum. To which is now prefixed, a complete Answer to the Rev. Mr. Hodfon's pretended Refutation of the Charge of Plagiarism, &c. The whole humbly addrefled to THE GUARDIANS, by an Admirer of (Ogden's) Sermons. Motto, "Thou shalt not fteal." 8vo. 6d. pp. 27. Walter, Piccadilly. 1789.

On peroting this pamphlet, we have altered our opinion, that the charge of plagiariim was unjuflly brought again it Mr. Hodfon. See Review for last month, p. 568.-Dr. Ogden's fermons, from which thefe Extracts are taken, were not at hand, when the article here referred to, was drawn up.

Art. 31. Sermons on various interefting Subjects, preached in the ParishChurch of Lewisham, in Kent. By the Rev. Joshua Morton, of Trinity College, Cambridge. 8vo. pp. 382. 5s. Boards. Dilly. 1788 †.

Thefe difcourfes, we are informed, appear as they were delivered from the pulpit. It is added in the preface, The author profeffes to have framed them according to his best judgment of the holy fcriptures, and with the warmest wish that they might affect the heart.' We cannot but approve thefe fentiments, as they are highly becoming, and indeed effential to, the juft character of a Chriftian minifter. It is farther obferved, He trufts that no fentiment has found admiffion among them, but which the Church of England has fanctioned and will justify.'-This declaration alfo meets thus far with our regard, as coming from one, who has figned the articles which civil

See Review for January, p. 89.

At the bottom of the title-page, it is mifprinted MDCCXXXVIII.

power

power has established, and who partakes of the emolument connected with them. Yet we can conceive, that a man who diligently and candidly confults the fcriptures, paffing fometimes beyond the vulgar translation to the original records, may, and almost certainly will, find caufe to differ from authoritative prefcriptions. What then, let us afk, must be the refult? Either to make no enquiry, but heedlessly porfue the beaten track-or to prefer human dictates or commandments of men to thofe which are confeffedly divine. But though we cannot entirely accord with every opinion advanced in this volume, we yet have peruied it with pleafure, obferving not merely the ability of the author, but, what is more valuable, his pious defire of being ufeful. It contains much ufeful and feafonable inftruction, conveyed in agreeable language, and urged by weighty motives.

An advertisement at the end of this volume informs us that Mr. Morton receives a fmall number of children at his houfe, for education, from the age of five years to twelve.

Art. 32. A Letter to the Author of a Letter to the Bishops *, on the Application of the Diffenters for a Repeal of the Corporation and Teft Acts. By W. A. Printed at Canterbury. 8vo. pp. 15.

6d.

A zealous, but not irrefiftible attack on infant baptifm. If the author expects to make any converts among the Bishops or Clergy, we apprehend he will find himself mistaken."

Art. 33. Vox Clamantis; or, an Alarm to the British Youth. By the Rev. William Woolley, Chaplain to the Marshalfea. 12mo. 6d. Buckland. 1787.

This is an earneft diffuafive again ft carnal indulgences; and could we fuppofe that a young fellow, going to a licentious rendezvous, would take up a pious tract to read, fome good might be done in the paufe; but how feldom is this the cafe! Such exhortations, alas! are applauded by thofe who have the leaft need of them. We cannot but think that lively reprefentations of the confequences of licentious couries, as naturally tending to poverty, difgrace, difeafes, and premature death, would come more home to their feelings, than threatenings of hell-fire in another ftate of existence. Such warnings would bring the fate of their companions before their eyes, and might reclaim fome, where there is a ground of good fenfe to work upon. When convinced of their true intereft in this life, they are prepared to receive lessons refpecting their future ftate; but they can scarcely be expected to liften, as they ought to do, to the latter, while they are running the headlong career of vice.

NOVELS.

Art. 34. Argus; the Houfe-dog at Eadlip. Correfpondence. By the Author of the 99. fewed. Hookham. 1789.

The prefent publication is fo much fuperior to most of those performances which come under the denomination of novels, that we are not a little doubtful of its fuccefs. This remark

See Review for April, p. 356.

may,